外文翻译--高效生产 — 一个关于采煤机截割的次序的问题.doc

第1页翻译部分英文原文HighProductivityAQuestionofShearerLoaderCuttingSequencesK.Nienhaus,A.K.Bayer&H.Haut,AachenUniversityofTechnology,GER1AbstractRecently,thefocusinundergroundlongwallcoalmininghasbeenonincreasingtheinstalledmotorpowerofshearerloadersandarmouredfaceconveyors(AFC),moresophisticatedsupportcontrolsystemsandlongerfacelength,inordertoreducecostsandachievehigherproductivity.Theseeffortshaveresultedinhigheroutputandpreviouslyunseenfaceadvancerates.Thetrendtowards“biggerandbetter”equipmentandlayoutschemes,however,israpidlynearingthelimitationsoftechnicalandeconomicalfeasibility.Torealisefurtherproductivityincreases,organisationalchangesoflongwallminingprocedureslooksliketheonlyreasonableanswer.Thebenefitsofopti-misedshearerloadercuttingsequences,leadingtobetterperformance,arediscussedinthispaper.2IntroductionsTraditionally,inundergroundlongwallminingoperations,shearerloadersproducecoalusingeitheroneofthefollowingcuttingsequences:uni-directionalorbi-directionalcycles.Besidesthesepre-dominantmethods,alternativeminingcycleshavealsobeendevelopedandsuccessfullyappliedinundergroundhardcoalminesallovertheworld.Thehalf-webcuttingcyclease.g.utilizedinRAGCoalInternationalsTwentymileMineinColorado,USA,andthe“Opti-Cycle”ofMatlasSouthAfricanshortwalloperationmustbementionedinthiscontext.Othermineshavealsotestedsimilarbutmodifiedcuttingcyclesresultinginimprovedoutput,e.g.improvementsintermsofproductiv-ityincreasesofupto第2页40%arethoughtpossible。Whereasthementionedminesareapplyingthealternativecuttingmethodsaccordingtotheirspe-cificconditions,e.g.seamheightorequipmentused,thispaperlookssystematicallyatthediffer-entmethodsfromageneralisedpointofview.Adetaileddescriptionoftheminingcycleforeachcuttingtechnique,includingtheillustrationofproductiveandnon-productivecycletimes,willbefollowedbyabriefpresentationoftheperformedproductioncapacitycalculationandasummaryofthetechnicalrestrictionsofeachsystem.Standardisedequipmentclassesfordifferentseamheightsaredefined,afterthemostsuitableandmostproductiveminingequipmentforeachclassarese-lected.BesidesthetechnicalparametersoftheshearerloaderandtheAFC,thelengthofthelong-wallfaceandthespecificcuttingenergyofthecoalarethemainvariablesforeachheightclassinthemodel.Asaresultofthecapacitycalculations,thedifferentshearercuttingmethodscanbegraphicallycomparedinastandardisedwayshowingtheproductivityofeachmethod.Duetothegeneralchar-acterofthemodel,potentialoptimisations(resultingfromchangesinthecuttingcycleandthebenefitsintermsofhigherproductivityoftheminingoperation)canbederived.3State-of-the-artofshearerloadercuttingsequencesThequestion“Whyaredifferentcuttingsequencesappliedinlongwallmining?”hastobean-swered,beforediscussingthesignificantcharacteristicsintermsofoperationalprocedures.Themajorconstraintsandreasonsfororagainstaspecialcuttingmethodaretheseamheightandhard-nessofthecoal,thegeotechnicalparametersofthecoalseamandthegeologicalsettingofthemineinfluencingthecavingpropertiesaswellasthesubsidenceandespeciallythelengthofthelongwallface.Foreachminingenvironmenttheapplicationofeithersequenceresultsindifferentproductionratesandconsequentlyadvanceratesoftheface.ThecoalflowontotheAFCisanotherpointthatvariesliketheloadsontheshearerloader,especiallytherangingarmsandthestressesandthewearonthepicks.Athoroughanalysisisnecessarytochoosethebest-suited第3页miningcycle；therefore,generalsolutionsdonotguaranteeoptimalefficiencyandproductivity.Acategorizationofshearerloadercuttingsequencesisrealisedbyfourmajorparameters.Firstly,onecanseparatebetweenminingmethods,whichminecoalintwodirectionsmeaningfromtheheadtothetailgateandonthereturnrunaswellorinonedirectiononly.Secondly,thewaytheminingsequencedealswiththesituationatthefaceends,toadvancefacelineafterextract-ingtheequivalentofacuttingweb,isacharacteristicparameterforeachseparatemethod.Thenec-essarytraveldistancewhilesumpingvariesbetweenthesequences,asdoesthetimeneededtoper-formthistask,too.Anotheraspectdefiningthesequencesistheproportionofthewebcuttingcoalperrun.Whereastraditionallythefullwebwasused,theintroductionofmodernAFCandroofsup-portautomationcontrolsystemsallowsforefficientoperationsusinghalfwebmethods.Theforthparameteridentifyingstateoftheartshearerloadercuttingsequencesistheopeningcreatedperrun.Otherthanthepartialorhalf-openingmethodlikethoseusedinMatlas“Opti-Cycle”,thecuttingheightisequaltothecompleteseamheightincludingpartingsandsofthangingorfootwallmaterial.第4页Bi-directionalcuttingsequenceThebi-directionalcuttingsequence,depictedinFigure1a,ischaracterisedbytwosumpingopera-tionsatthefaceendsinacompletecycle,whichisaccomplishedduringboththeforwardandreturntrip.Thewholelongwallfaceadvanceseachcompletecycleattheequivalentoftwowebdistancesbythecompletionofeachcycle.Theleadingdrumoftheshearercutstheupperpartoftheseamwhilethereardrumcutsthebottomcoalandcleansthefloorcoal.Themaindisadvantagesofthiscuttingmethodarethoughttobetheunproductivetimeresultingfromthefaceendactivitiesandthecomplexoperation.Therefore,thetrendinrecentyearswastoincreasefacelengthtoreducetherelativeimpactofsumpinginfavouroflongerproductiontime.Uni-directionalcuttingsequenceIncontrasttothebi-directionalmethod,theshearerloadercutsthecoalinonesingledirectionwheninuni-directionalmode.Onthereturntrip,thefloorcoalisloadedandtheflooritselfcleaned.Theshearerhaulagespeedsonthereturntripsarerestrictedonlybytheoperatorsmovementthroughthelongwallface,orthehaulagemotorsinafullyautomatedoperat