2014高考英语阅读理解二轮专题训练精品题（14）及答案（ 2013高考）

2014高考英语阅读理解二轮专题训练精品题（14）及答案阅读理解ATECHNOLOGYHASBEENANENCOURAGEMENTOFHISTORICALCHANGEITACTEDASSUCHAFORCEINENGLANDBEGINNINGINTHEEIGHTEENTHCENTURY,ANDACROSSTHEENTIREWESTERNWORLDINTHENINETEENTHRAPIDADVANCESWEREMADEINTHEUSEOFSCIENTIFICFINDINGSINTHEMANUFACTURE制造OFGOODS,WHICHHASCHANGEDIDEASABOUTWORKONEOFTHEFIRSTCHANGESWASTHATOTHERFORMSOFENERGYHAVETAKENTHEPLACEOFHUMANPOWERALONGWITHTHISCAMETHEINCREASEDUSEOFMACHINESTOMANUFACTUREPRODUCTSINLESSTIMEPEOPLEALSODEVELOPEDMACHINESTHATCOULDPRODUCETHESAMEPARTSFORAPRODUCTEACHNAILWASEXACTLYLIKEEVERYOTHERNAIL,MEANINGTHATEACHNAILCOULDBECHANGEDFOREVERYOTHERNAILTHISMEANSTHATGOODSCOULDBEMASSPRODUCTION,ALTHOUGHMASSPRODUCTIONREQUIREDBREAKINGPRODUCTIONDOWNINTOSMALLERANDSMALLERTASKSWORKERSNOLONGERSTARTEDONTHEPRODUCTANDLABOREDTOCOMPLETEITINSTEAD,THEYMIGHTWORKONLYONETHOUSANDTHOFIT,OTHERWORKERSCOMPLETINGTHEIROWNPARTSINCERTAINORDERTHEREISNOTHINGSTRANGEABOUTTHISMANUFACTURINGWORKBYTODAYSSTANDARDSHIGHLYSKILLEDWORKERSWEREUNABLETOCOMPAREWITHTHENEWPRODUCTIONTECHNIQUES,ASMASSPRODUCTIONALLOWEDGOODSOFHIGHSTANDARDTOBEPRODUCEDINGREATERNUMBERTHANCOULDEVERBEDONEBYHANDBUTTHESKILLEDWORKERWASNTTHEONLYLOSER,THECOMMONWORKERSLOSTTOOSIMILARCHANGESFORCEDFARMERAWAYTHEINCREASEDMECHANIZATION机械化OFAGRICULTUREFREEDMASSESOFWORKERSFROMPLOUGHINGTHELANDANDHARVESTINGITSCROPSTHEYHADLITTLECHOICEBUTTOSTREAMTOWARDTHERAPIDLYDEVELOPINGINDUSTRIALCENTERSINCREASINGLY,STANDARDSWERESETBYMACHINESWORKERSNOLONGEROWNEDTHEIROWNTOOLS,THEIRSKILLWASNOLONGERVALUED,ANDPRIDEINTHEIRWORKWASNOLONGERPOSSIBLEWORKERSFED,LOOKEDAFTERANDREPAIREDTHEMACHINESTHATCOULDWORKFASTERTHANHUMANSATGREATLYREDUCEDCOST1INTHISPASSAGE,WHICHOFTHEFOLLOWINGISNOTCONSIDEREDASACHANGECAUSEDBYTHEUSEOFSCIENTIFICFINDINGSINTHEPRODUCTIONOFGOODSAOTHERFORMSOFENERGYHAVETAKENTHEPLACEOFHUMANPOWERBTHEINCREASEDEXPLOITATIONOFWORKERSINTHE19THCENTURYCTHEINCREASEDUSEOFMACHINESTOMAKEPRODUCTSINLESSTIMEDTHEUSEOFMACHINESPRODUCINGPARTSOFTHESAMESTANDARD答案解析答案为B。本题为细节题。从文章的第一段“ONEOFTHEFIRSTCHANGESWASTHATOTHERFORMSOFENERGYHAVETAKENTHEPLACEOFHUMANPOWERALONGWITHTHISCAMETHEINCREASEDUSEOFMACHINESTOMANUFACTUREPRODUCTSINLESSTIMEPEOPLEALSODEVELOPEDMACHINESTHATCOULDPRODUCETHESAMEPARTSFORAPRODUCT”可知，A、C、D都在文中提到了。故答案为B。2ACCORDINGTOTHEWRITER,HIGHLYSKILLEDWORKERS_ACOMPLETELYDISAPPEAREDWITHTHECOMINGOFTHEFACTORYSYSTEMBWEREDISMISSEDBYTHEBOSSCWEREUNABLETOPRODUCEGOODSOFHIGHSTANDARDDWEREUNABLETOPRODUCEFINEGOODSATTHATSAMESPEEDASMACHINES答案解析答案为D。本题为细节题。从文章第二段“HIGHLYSKILLEDWORKERSWEREUNABLETOCOMPAREWITHTHENEWPRODUCTIONTECHNIQUES,ASMASSPRODUCTIONALLOWEDGOODSOFHIGHSTANDARDTOBEPRODUCEDINGREATERNUMBERTHANCOULDEVERBEDONEBYHAND”可知，机器批量生产的产品标准高，数量多，这是手工生产无法匹敌的。故答案为D。3ACCORDINGTOTHEPASSAGE,WHATDIDTHEFARMERSHAVETODOWITHTHECOMINGOFMECHANIZATIONOFAGRICULTUREAMANYOFTHEMHADTOLEAVETHEIRFARMLANDFORINDUSTRIALCENTERSBTHEYSTUCKTOTHEIRFARMWORKCTHEYREFUSEDTOUSEMACHINESDTHEYDIDTHEIRBESTTOLEARNHOWTOUSETHEMACHINES答案解析答案为A。本题为细节题。从第二段的倒数第四句话“THEYHADLITTLECHOICEBUTTOSTREAMTOWARDTHERAPIDLYDEVELOPINGINDUSTRIALCENTERS”可知，答案为A。【2014高考英语安徽省联考模拟试题】DNEEDASOLIDEXCUSETODUSTOFFYOURRUNNINGSHOESJOGGERSHAVEBEENFOUNDTOLIVEANAVERAGEOFSIXYEARSLONGERTHANTHOSEWHODONTJOGHOWEVER,YOULLHAVETORUNFORATLEASTONEHOURAWEEKFORBENEFIT,ACCORDINGTOANEWSTUDYINDENMARKRESEARCHERSFOUNDTHATJOGGINGWASASSOCIATEDWITHA44PERCENTREDUCTIONINTHERELATIVERISKOFDEATHFORTHOSEOVER35YEARSCOMPAREDWITHDEATHSAMONGTHOSEWHODIDNOTRUNTHESAMEBENEFITAPPLIEDTOBOTHMENANDWOMENTHE44PERCENTREDUCTIONTRANSLATESTOANAGEADJUSTEDSURVIVALBENEFITOF62YEARSINMENAND56YEARSINWOMEN,ACCORDINGTODRPETERSCHNOHR,CHIEFCARDIOLOGISTFROMTHECOPENHAGENCITYHEARTSTUDYFURTHERMORE,THEJOGGERSLIVESARENOTONLYLONGERBUTHAPPIERTOOASTHOSEWHORANREPORTEDANOVERALLSENSEOFWELLBEING,SAIDSCHNOHRTHERESULTSOFOURRESEARCHALLOWUSTODEFINITIVELYANSWERTHEQUESTIONOFWHETHERJOGGINGISGOODFORYOURHEALTH,SCHNOHRSAIDINASTATEMENTWECANSAYWITHCERTAINTYTHATREGULARJOGGINGINCREASESLONGEVITYTHEGOODNEWSISTHATYOUDONTACTUALLYNEEDTODOTHATMUCHTOREAPTHEBENEFITS,HECONTINUEDTHESTUDYALSOFOUNDTHATTHEOPTIMUMBENEFITOFJOGGINGWASFORTHOSEWHOJOGGEDATASLOWTOAVERAGEPACEFORBETWEENANHOURANDTWOANDAHALFHOURSSPREADOVERTWOORTHREEWEEKLYSESSIONSRESEARCHERSTHENCOMPAREDDEATHSAMONGTHEJOGGERSAMONGTHENONJOGGERSINTHEMAINSTUDYPOOLOFALMOST20,000OVER35YEARS,122JOGGERSDIEDCOMPAREDWITH10,158NONJOGGERSALLTHEPARTICIPANTSINVOLVEDWITHTHECOPENHAGENCITYHEARTSTUDYHADTHEIRCHOLESTEROL,BLOODPRESSURE,BLOODGLUCOSE,ANDBMI,MEASUREDANDTHEYWEREQUESTIONEDABOUTSMOKING,ALCOHOLCONSUMPTION,EDUCATION,ANDINCOME68INORDERTODOGOODTOHEALTH,THEJOGGERSSHOULDRUN_AFORATLEASTONEHOURDAILYBFORATLEASTONEHOURWEEKLYCFORATLEASTONEHOURMONTHLYDFORATLEASTONEHOURYEARLY69WHYDOJOGGERSLIVEMOREHAPPILYABECAUSETHEYTASTEPARTSENSEOFHAPPINESSBBECAUSETHEYTASTEOVERALLSENSEOFHARDSHIPCBECAUSETHEYTASTEWHOLESENSEOFHAPPINESSDBECAUSETHEYTASTEPARTSENSEOFSUCCESS70WHICHOFTHEFOLLOWINGISTRUEACCORDINGTOTHEARTICLEAREGULARJOGGINGDECREASESLONGEVITYBTHEMOREJOGGINGYOUDOTHELONGERYOULIVECTHELESSJOGGINGYOUDOTHELONGERYOULIVEDREGULARJOGGINGMAKESPEOPLELIVELONGER71ITCANBEINFERREDTHATTHESTUDYOFJOGGINGBENEFITIS_ACOMPLETEANDRELIABLEBPARTIALANDUNBELIEVABLECINCOMPLETEBUTREASONABLEDREASONABLEBUTUNDEPENDABLE【参考答案】6871BCDA【2014高考英语安徽省联考模拟试题】ETHEREAREMANYCOMMONLYHELDBELIEFSABOUTEYEGLASSESANDEYESIGHTTHATARENOTPROVENFACTSFORINSTANCE,SOMEPEOPLEBELIEVETHATWEARINGGLASSESTOOSOONWEAKENSTHEEYESBUTTHEREISNOEVIDENCETOSHOWTHATTHESTRUCTUREOFEYESISCHANGEDBYWEARINGGLASSESATAYOUNGAGEWEARINGTHEWRONGGLASSES,HOWEVER,CANPROVEHARMFULSTUDIESSHOWTHATFORADULTSTHEREISNODANGER,BUTCHILDRENCANDEVELOPLOSSOFVISIONIFTHEYHAVEGLASSESINAPPROPRIATEFORTHEIREYESWEHAVEALLHEARDSOMEOFTHECOMMONMYTHSABOUTHOWEYESIGHTGETSBADMOSTPEOPLEBELIEVETHATREADINGINDIMLIGHTCAUSESPOOREYESIGHT,BUTTHATISUNTRUETOOLITTLELIGHTMAKESTHEEYESWORKHARDER,SOTHEYDOGETTIREDANDSTRAINEDEYESTRAINALSORESULTSFROMREADINGALOT,READINGINBED,ANDWATCHINGTOOMUCHTELEVISIONHOWEVER,ALTHOUGHEYESTRAINMAYCAUSESOMEPAINORHEADACHES,ITDOESNOTPERMANENTLYDAMAGEEYESIGHTANOTHERMYTHABOUTEYESISTHATTHEYCANBEREPLACED,ORTRANSFERREDFROMONEPERSONTOANOTHERTHEYARECLOSETOONEMILLIONNERVEFIBERS纤维THATCONNECTTHEEYEBALLTOTHEBRAIN,SOITISIMPOSSIBLETOATTACHTHEMALLINANEWPERSONONLYCERTAINPARTSOFTHEEYECANBEREPLACEDBUTIFWEKEEPCLEARINGUPTHEMYTHSANDLEARNINGMOREABOUTTHEEYES,SOMEDAYAFULLTRANSPLANTMAYBEPOSSIBLE72IFACHILDWEARSAPPROPRIATEGLASSES,_AHEWILLLOSESIGHTBTHESTRUCTUREOFHISEYESWILLBECHANGEDCITISHARMFULDTHESTRUCTUREOFHISEYESWILLKEEPTHESAMEASBEFORE73IFANADULTWEARSINAPPROPRIATEGLASSES,_AITWILLMAKENODIFFERENCETOHISEYESBHEWILLSUFFERALOTFROMTHELOSSOFVISIONCHISEYESWILLBEWEAKENEDDTHESTRUCTUREOFHISEYESWILLBECHANGED74WITHTHETECHNOLOGYWENOWHAVE,DOCTORS_ASTILLCANTDOEYETRANSPLANTEVENCERTAINPARTSOFTHEEYEBCANTRANSPLANTTHEWHOLEEYEINANEWPERSONCCANTRANSFERCERTAINPARTSOFTHEEYEINANEWPERSONDKNOWALMOSTNOTHINGABOUTEYES75THEAUTHOROFTHEPASSAGETENDSTO_AEXPLAINWEARINGGLASSESISNOHARMTOCHILDRENBCORRECTPEOPLESWRONGBELIEFSABOUTEYESCEXPLAINTHEIMPORTANCEOFPROTECTINGOUREYESDIMAGINEWHATDOCTORSCANDOWITHTHEEYEINTHEFUTURE【参考答案】7275DACB阅读理解BTHEEARTHSMOSTRICHRESOURCEWATERHASBECOMEONEOFTHEMOSTPRECIOUSRESOURCESINTHEUNITEDSTATESASRIVERS,LAKES,ANDFRESHWATERRESERVOIRSAREINCREASINGLYEXPLOITEDFORHUMANUSECONSEQUENTLY,USINGPRECISEFARMINGTECHNIQUESTOREFINE“IRRIGATIONSCHEDULING”ISARESEARCHAREAOFPARTICULARINTERESTTOSUSANMORAN,ARESEARCHERWITHTHEUSDEPARTMENTOFAGRICULTURESHEEXPLAINSTHATINTHESOUTHWEST,IRRIGATIONISBOTHDIFFICULTANDEXPENSIVETHERE,SHESAYS,FARMERSHAVEATENDENCYTOOVERIRRIGATE,SPENDINGBOTHMORETIMEANDMONEYTHANNECESSARY“IMTRYINGTOPROVIDENEWINFORMATIONTHATCOULDBEUSEDBYFARMERSTOSCHEDULEIRRIGATIONSTOIMPROVETHEIRPROFITABILITYANDUSELESSWATER,”MORANSAYS“FARMERSOFTENLOOKATWEATHERCHANGESANDTHENSCHEDULEIRRIGATIONBASEDONTHATINFORMATIONBUTIFTHEYHADBETTERINFORMATION,THEYCOULDUSESCIENTIFICMODELSTOCOMPUTEMOREPRECISELYHOWMUCHWATERTHEIRCROPISUSING”RATHERTHANGUESSINGTHEIRCROPSPOTENTIALNEEDFORWATERBASEDUPONWEATHERCHANGES,FARMERSCANUSEREMOTESENSORSTOMEASUREHOWMUCHWATERTHEIRCROPISACTUALLYUSINGTHISWOULDGIVETHEMAMOREACCURATEMEASUREOFHOWMUCHMOREWATERITNEEDSMORANBELIEVESTHATIFFARMERSAREGETTINGGOODANDTIMELYMEASUREMENTSOFPLANTANDAIRTEMPERATURE,THENTHEYCANPROGRAMWHENANDHOWMUCHWATERTOGIVEEACHCROPTHROUGHANIRRIGATIONSYSTEMNOMOREWATERWOULDBEUSEDTHANNEEDED,THUSSAVINGCOSTANDCONSERVINGWATERMORANINTRODUCESONESTUDYSHECONDUCTEDINARIZONATOINVESTIGATETHEUSEOFREMOTESENSINGDATAFORSCHEDULINGCOTTONIRRIGATIONSTYPICALLY,THOSEFARMERSIRRIGATETENTIMESPERGROWINGSEASON,BUTEVIDENCESHOWEDTHATSOMEOFTHOSEFARMERSCOULDACHIEVEBASICALLYTHESAMEHARVESTWITHONLYNINEIRRIGATIONS“INTHOSECASES,ONELESSIRRIGATIONSAVEDMORETHANALLTHECOSTOFREMOTESENSINGDATA，”SHESTATES“BOTHIRRIGATIONANDSATELLITEREMOTESENSINGDATAAREEXPENSIVEBUTTHENAGAINMANYFARMERSAREUSEDTOWORKINGTOGETHERASAGROUPTHEYAREUSEDTOSHARINGIMHOPINGTHEYCOULDDOTHESAMEWITHREMOTESENSINGDATAPURCHASEONESCENEOVERALARGEAREATOCOVERMANYFARMS,WHICHWOULDFURTHERREDUCETHECOST”1WHATDOESMORANTHINKISTHEPROBLEMWITHFARMERSAOVERUSEDRESERVOIRSBPRECISIONFARMINGCIRRIGATIONRESEARCHESDOVERIRRIGATION答案解析答案为D。由第一段最后一句话“FARMERSHAVEATENDENCYTOOVERIRRIGATE,SPENDINGBOTHMORETIMEANDMONEYTHANNECESSARY”可知，答案为D。2HOWCANFARMERSGETTHENEWINFORMATIONABOUTTHEIRCROPATORESCHEDULEIRRIGATIONASREQUIREDBTOWATCHWEATHERCHANGESREGULARLYCTOUSEREMOTESENSORSASRESEARCHERSSUGGESTDTOUSESCIENTIFICMODELSSINCECOMPUTINGISMORERELIABLE答案解析答案为C。本题为细节题。从第三段“FARMERSCANUSEREMOTESENSORSTOMEASUREHOWMUCHWATERTHEIRCROPISACTUALLYUSING”可知答案为C。本题容易错选D项。题干问的是“农民如何得到关于庄稼的新信息”从第二段最后一句话“BUTIFTHEYHADBETTERINFORMATION,THEYCOULDUSESCIENTIFICMODELSTOCOMPUTEMOREPRECISELYHOWMUCHWATERTHEIRCROPISUSING”可知，农