毕业论文—国际业务单证

DOCUMENTSMAKINGININTERNATIONALTRADEAGRADUATIONTHESISSUBMITTEDBYLIRONGINPARTIALFULFILLMENTOFTHEREQUIREMENTSFORTHECERTIFICATEOFGRADUATIONINTHESUBJECTOFBUSINESSENGLISHTODEPARTMENTOFFOREIGNLANGUAGESOFXINGTAIPOLYTECHNICCOLLEGESUPERVISORCHENGYUNAPRIL29TH，2011ACKNOWLEDGEMENTFIRSTIWANTTOTHANKMYSUPERVISORMRCHENGYUN,WHOHASGIVENMEALOTOFHELPINSTUDIESANDLIFEALSOTHANKMYCLASSMATESANDCOLLEAGUES,THEYGENEROUSLYHELPEDMECOLLECTMATERIALSINEEDEDANDMADEMANYINVALUABLESUGGESTIONSDURINGTHESEDAYSINMRCHENGSCLASS,IHAVELEARNEDMUCHFROMHIMANDITISVERYHELPFULTOMEFIRSTLY,HELETMEKNOWTHERESPONSIBILITYANDCAREFULNESSAND,ITHINK,ITISVERYIMPORTANTNOMATTERINLIFEORWORKINGTHISCANHELPMEWITHMYDOCUMENTSWORKINGSECONDLY,IHAVEGOTENOUGHCONFIDENCEINSPOKENENGLISHFROMHISCLASSANDITTOOKMEALONGTIMETOGAINTHISCONFIDENCENOW,IALWAYSEXPRESSMYIDEASINENGLISHASPOSSIBLEASICANITSGREATTODOTHATITHINKWHENIWORKASTHEINTERNATIONALSALES,ICANDOWELLTHELASTBUTNOTTHELEAST,IFINDTHATLEARNINGENGLISHISNOTANBORINGTHINGASBEFOREANDIMINTERESTEDINSTUDYINGENGLISHWHICHWASJUSTANECESSARYTOOLTOMYSUCCESSREADING,LISTENINGORSPEAKING,ALLBECOMEINTERESTINGANDIREALLYENJOYITMYPARENTSTOOKGOODCAREOFMYLIFEANDGAVEMEALOTOFENCOURAGEMENTWHENIWASWORKINGATTHISTHESISTHEYALWAYSSHAREMYWEALANDWOEIFEELMUCHGRATEFULANDHEARTILYOWEMYACHIEVEMENTTOTHEMABOVEALL,IWANTTOSAYTHANKSAGAINTOALLOFTHEMABSTRACTINTHEINTERNATIONALTRADE,THEDOCUMENTSARETHETITLESWHICHTHECUSTOMERSOBTAINTHEGOODSIFTHEDOCUMENTSTHATTHECUSTOMSNEEDARENOTPROVIDEDCOMPLETELYINTHEDESTINATION,OURCUSTOMERSWILLNOTGETTHEGOODSINADDITIONS,ALLTHEORDERSARECARRIEDOUTBYTHEDOCUMENTSANDENDBYTHEDOCUMENTSSOASWEALLKNOW,THEDOCUMENTSPLAYAKEYROLEINTHEWHOLEPROCESSOFINTERNATIONALTRADETHISPAPERHASBEENADETAILEDANALYSISTOTHEKINDSANDUSAGEOFDOCUMENTS,THEIMPORTANCEANDSIGNIFICANCEOFDOCUMENTS,THEPROCESSOFMAKINGDOCUMENTSANDSOMEPARTICULARINFORMATIONABOUTDOCUMENTSCERTAINLY,IWILLADDSOMEEXPERIENCEANDLESSONOFMINETOTHEPAPERTHEPURPOSEOFWRITINGTHISPAPERISTOSUMMARIZETHEMETHODSTHEDOCUMENTSMAKING,WHICHASPECTSWESHOULDPAYATTENTIONINTHEPROCESSOFMAKINGDOCUMENTSANDHOWTOMAKETHETHEORYAPPLYINPRACTICEMEANWHILE,WECANLEARNMOREKNOWLEDGEANDSOMESOCIALEXPERIENCEKEYWORDSSPECIESANDUSAGEIMPORTANCEMAKINGPROCESS摘要在国际贸易中，单据是客户取得货权、得到货物的凭证，如若不能完整出具目的港海关所需的单据，我们的客户将不能得到货物。而且，所有的订单都是起于单据，终于单据。他们都是按单据在执行。每个贸易人都会知道，单据在国际贸易的整个过程中起着至关重要的作用。本文从单据的重要性、意义、种类、作用及其制作过程做出了细节描述，而且加进了一些个人的经验教训。本文旨在总结单据制作的方法与在中做过程中的注意点及其如何将理论知识应用于实践，与此同时，让自己从中学到更多的知识，增加一些社会经验。关键词种类及作用重要性制单过程CONTENTSACKNOWLEDGEMENTIABSTRACTIICONTENTSIIIINTRODUCTIONIVITHEDEFINITIONOFDOCUMENTS111THESPECIESANDUSAGEOFDOCUMENTS1111THESPECIESOFDOCUMENTS1112THEUSAGEOFDOCUMENTS212THEIMPORTANCEANDSIGNIFICANCEOFDOCUMENTS2IITHEDOCUMENTSMAKING321SOMEATTENTIONPOINTSINTHEDOCUMENTSMAKING3211THEREQUIREMENTSOFDOCUMENTSMAKING3212THERULESOFDOCUMENTSMAKING4213SOMEEXAMPLESINDOCUMENTSMAKING422THEORDEROFEVERYONEINDOCUMENTSMAKING5221THEPROCESSOFDOCUMENTSMAKING5222THESEQUENCEOFDOCUMENTSMAKING5IIISOMESPECIALREQUIREMENTSINDIFFERENTCOUNTRIES631SOMEDOCUMENTSPROVIDEDASTHECUSTOMERSORPOLICIES632SOMEPRIVILEGESWHENSOMEDOCUMENTSPROVIDED7CONCLUSION7BIBLIOGRAPHY8INTRODUCTIONASWEALLKNOW,INASORTOFSENSE,INTERNATIONALTRADEISDOCUMENTTRADE,EVENIFINTHEHIGHTECHAGE,DOCUMENTALSOPLAYSANIMPORTANTROLEIFYOUARENOTFAMILIARTODOCUMENTS,WHICHMEANSTHATYOUHAVELITTLEKNOWLEDGEOFINTERNATIONALTRADESOMAKEACLEARINTRODUCTIONOFMAKINGDOCUMENTISIMPORTANTITWILLGIVEYOUSOMEHELPINYOURDOCUMENTWORKINGINTHISPAPERWHENWEGETTHETALKINGTHEPOINTOF“THEDEFINITIONOFDOCUMENTS”,WETAKE“THESPECIESANDUSAGEOFDOCUMENTS”,“THEIMPORTANCEANDSIGNIFICANCEOFDOCUMENTS”WHENWEGETTHETALKINGPOINTOF“THEDOCUMENTSMAKING”,WETAKE“SOMEATTENTIONPOINTINTHEDOCUMENTSMAKING”,“THEORDEROFEVERYONEINDOCUMENTSMAKING”WHENWEGETTHETALKINGTHEPOINTOF“SOMESPECIALREQUIREMENTSINDIFFERENTCOUNTRIES”,WETAKE“SOMEDOCUMENTSSHOULDBEPROVIDESASTHECUSTOMERSORPOLICIES”,“SOMEPRIVILEGESWHENSOMEDOCUMENTSPROVIDED”ITHEDEFINITIONOFDOCUMENTS11THESPECIESANDUSAGEOFDOCUMENTSGENERALLYSPEAKING,DOCUMENTSAREUSEDTOINTERNATIONALSETTLEMENTSWITHIT,WECANDEALWITHTHEDELIVERY,TRANSPORTATION,INSPECTIONANDTHESETTLEMENTOFEXCHANGEOFGOODSINTHEINTERNATIONALTRADE111THESPECIESOFDOCUMENTSINTHEINTERNATIONALTRADE,THEDOCUMENTSCANBEDIVIDEDTODIFFERENTKINDSACCORDINGTODIFFERENTSTANDARDSACCORDINGTOTHEDOCUMENTSTHATTHETRADEPARTNERSREFERTOANDALLTHETRANSACTIONPARTS,ITCANBEDIVIDEDTOEXPORTDOCUMENT,IMPORTDOCUMENT,CHECKEDDOCUMENTANDSETTLEMENTDOCUMENTTHEEXPORTDOCUMENTISTHEDOCUMENTWHICHTHEENTERPRISESINEXPORTCOUNTRIESANDTHERELATIVEGOVERNMENTALDEPARTMENTSREFERTO,SALESCONTRACT,EXPORTLICENSE,DECLARATIONFOREXPORTATION,PACKINGDOCUMENT,COMMERCIALINVOICE,INSURANCEPOLICY,DRAFTBILLOFEXCHANGE,CERTIFICATEOFINSPECTIONANDQUARANTINE,CERTIFICATEOFORIGINCOANDSOONTHEIMPORTDOCUMENTISTHEDOCUMENTWHICHTHEENTERPRISESINIMPORTCOUNTRIESANDTHERELATIVEGOVERNMENTALDEPARTMENTSREFERTO,SALESCONTRACT,IMPORTLICENSE,L/C,DECLARATIONFORIMPORTATION,INSURANCEPOLICYANDSOONTHECHECKEDDOCUMENTISTHEDOCUMENTWHICHENSURESTHESHIPMENTOFGOODSAFELYTHESETTLEMENTDOCUMENTISTHEDOCUMENTWHICHENSURESTOGETTHEPAYMENTSAFELYACCORDINGTOTHECHARACTERANDUSAGE,THEDOCUMENTSCANBEDIVIDEDTOFINANCIALDOCUMENT,COMMERCIALDOCUMENT,GOVERNMENTALDOCUMENTANDSUBORDINATEDOCUMENTANDSOONTHEFINANCIALDOCUMENTISTHERECEIVINGVOUCHER,FOREXAMPLE,THEDRAFT,PROMISSORYNOTE,CHECKOROTHERSIMILARVOUCHERSTHECOMMERCIALDOCUMENTISCOMMERCIALINVOICE,TRANSPORTDOCUMENTS,INSURANCEPOLICY,CERTIFICATEOFINSPECTIONANDQUARANTINE,CERTIFICATEOFORIGINCOOROTHERSIMILARDOCUMENTSAMONGTHEM,ALLKINDSOFTRANSPORTDOCUMENTSARECOLLECTIVELYCALLED“TRANSPORTDOCUMENT”,BILLOFLADINGB/L,NONNEGOTIABLEMARITIMETRANSPORTDOCUMENT,AIRWAYBILLOFLADING,UNIVERSALTRANSPORTDOCUMENT,SHIPPINGNOTE,GOODSDECLARATIONFOREXPORTATIONANDSOONTHEGOVERNMENTALDOCUMENTISTHEDOCUMENTANDCERTIFICATEISSUEDBYGOVERNMENTALOFFICEFOREXAMPLE,EXPORTLICENSE,CUSTOMSINVOICE,CONSULARPROOFORCONSULARINVOICEANDSOONTHESUBORDINATEDOCUMENTISINCLUDINGCERTIFICATEFORDISPATCHOFDOCUMENTS,CERTIFICATEFORDISPATCHOFSHIPMENTSAMPLE,SHIPPINGADVICEANDSOON112THEUSAGEOFDOCUMENTSINGENERAL,THEDOCUMENTSARETHEPROOFOFEXECUTIONOFCONTRACTBYEXPORTER,ARETHEREPRESENTATIVEOFTRADE,ARETHEVOUCHEROFINTERNATIONALTRADESETTLEMENTANDARETHEFINANCINGMEANSBESIDES,THEGOODSOFDOCUMENTSARETHEPREMISETHATTHEBANKACTSININTERNATIONALTRADESETTLEMENTANDTHEDOCUMENTSARETHEIMPORTANTVOUCHERFORGETTINGGOODS,CUSTOMSDECLARATIONANDPAYINGTAXESNEXTWEWILLINTRODUCESOMEMAINDOCUMENTS,FOREXAMPLE,THESALESCONTRACT,THEB/L,ANDTHECOMMERCIALINVOICETHESALESCONTRACTISTHECENTEROFINTERNATIONALTRADE,BECAUSEALLTHEACTIVITIESAREGOINGAROUNDITBESIDES,BECAUSETHEBUYERANDSELLERINDIFFERENTCOUNTRIES,MOREQUESTIONSCANHAPPENEASILY,THESALESCONTRACTISNOTONLYTHEGUARANTEEFORGETTINGTHEPAYMENTBYSELLER,BUTALSOTHEGUARANTEEFORGETTINGGOODBYBUYERMEANWHILE,BYTHEJOINTEFFORTS,THEBIGGESTBENEFITCANBEACHIEVEDINFACT,THESALESCONTRACTPLAYSANEXTREMELYIMPORTANTANDNONSUBSTITUTABLEROLEININTERNATIONALTRADETHEB/LISANOTHERIMPORTANTDOCUMENTINTHEINTERNATIONALTRADEGENERALLYSPEAKING,ITHASTHREEMAINFUNCTIONSFIRSTLY,ITISTHEGOODSRECEIPTANDITISISSUEDBYSHIPPINGCOMPANYOROTHERAGENTS,MEANWHILEITCANBEIDENTIFYTHEGOODSRECEIVEDACCORDINGTOTHECONTENTOFB/LSECONDLY,ITISTHETITLEDEEDTOTHEGOODSITSTANDSFORTITLETOTHEGOODS,ANDTHEB/LOWNERCANGETGOODSBYIT,ALSOTRANSFERORPAYADATETHROUGHENDORSETHIRDLY,ITISTHEEVIDENCEOFCONTRACTOFCARRIERFORTRULYSPEAKING,THEB/LITSELFISNOTTHEEVIDENCEOFCONTRACTOFCARRIER,BUTITISTHEBASISOFDEALINGWITHTHERIGHTSANDOBLIGATIONSBETWEENCARRIERANDSHIPPERTHECOMMERCIALINVOICECANREACTINTHEWHOLECONTENTOFTHESALESCONTRACTALTHOUGHITISNOTTHETITLEDEEDTOTHEGOODS,IFTHEREISNOTTHECOMMERCIALINVOICE,THEDOCUMENTSWILLNOTREACTINTHEOVERVIEWOFATRANSACTIONBESIDES,THECOMMERCIALINVOICEISTHEBASISOFMAKINGOTHERDOCUMENTS,THEVOUCHEROFSETTLEMENTINSTEADOFDRAFTWHENNODRAFTUSED12THEIMPORTANCEANDSIGNIFICANCEOFDOCUMENTSASWEALLKNOW,THEDOCUMENTSPLAYAIMPORTANTROLEINTHEINTERNATIONALTRADEFIRSTLY,ITISENTERPRISESNEEDOFRECEIPTOFPROCEEDSANDPAYMENTINTRUETRANSACTION,HOWTOACHIEVECURRENCYTRANSFER,HOWTOPAY,HOWTOGETGOODS,ALLOFTHEMFINISHBYDOCUMENTSSECONDLY,ITISTHEMETHODANDVOUCHEROFEXECUTIONOFCONTRACTINTHETRANSACTIONPROVIDINGTHERELEVANTDOCUMENTSARETHEMETHODSOFEXECUTIONOFCONTRACTBYCONTRACTPARTIES,ALSOARETHEVOUCHEROFFISHINGCONTRACTBYCONTRACTPARTIESTHIRDLY,ITISTHEBASISOFAVOIDINGANDSOLVINGPROBLEMSFOURTHLY,ITINFLUENTSTHEIMPRESSANDBENEFITOFNATION,ENTERPRISESANDITSELFDIRECTLYFINALLY,ITISANIMPORTANTPARTINTHERUNNINGANDMANAGEMENTOFENTERPRISEIITHEDOCUMENTSMAKING21SOMEATTENTIONPOINTSINDOCUMENTSMAKING211THEREQUIREMENTSOFDOCUMENTSMAKINGINSUMMARY,THEREAREFIVEREQUIREMENTSINMAKINGTHEYARE“CORRECTNESS”,“COMPLETENESS”,“PUNCTUALITY”,“CONCISENESS”AND“TIDINESS”CORRECTNESS,ITISPREMISEOFALLTHEDOCUMENTSMAKINGIFTHEDOCUMENTSAREINCORRECT,WECANNOTSETTLEAFOREIGNEXCHANGEACCOUNTSAFELYFIRSTLY,WHENMAKETHEDOCUMENTS,THEPOINTSTHATWESHOULDPAYATTENTIONTOARE“JUSTTHESAME”,“THESAMEDOCUMENT”SECONDLY,ANYKINDSOFDOCUMENTSSHOULDBEFITFORTHEREQUIREMENTSOFTHEINTERNATIONALTRADEPRACTICE,THELAWANDTHERULEOFALLKINDSOFCOUNTRIESTHIRDLY,ITISCONSISTENTWITHTHEGOODSTHATITSTANDSFORCOMPLETENESS,INAWAY,ITMAINLYISTHECOMPLETENESSOFDOCUMENTSTHATATRANSACTIONREFERSTOWECANEXPLAINASFOLLOWSINDETAILS,“THECOMPLETENESSOFCONTENTS”,“THECOMPLETENESSOFCOPIES”,AND“THECOMPLETENESSOFSPECIES”INAWORD,ALLTHEDOCUMENTSTHATTHECUSTOMERNEEDSORTHEIMPORTCOUNTRYNEEDSSHOULDBEPROVIDEDPUNCTUALITY,THATISTOSAY,DEALINGWITHDOCUMENTSSHOULDBEFINISHEDINACERTAINTIMEWENEEDTOLEARNTHEBELLOWINGPOINTS,“MAKINGDOCUMENTSINTIME”,“REVIEWINGDOCUMENTSINTIME”,“HANDINGINDOCUMENTSINTIME”,“SETTLEMENTSINTIME”BESIDES,WEALSOLEARNTHATTHEISSUINGDATEOFEVERYDOCUMENTSHOULDBEREASONABLEANDWORKABLECONCISENESS,THATISTOSAY,THECONTENTSOFDOCUMENTSSHOULDBECONCISE,AVOIDUNNECESSARYLENGTHINESSTHECONCISEISNOTONLYREDUCINGTHEWORKLOADANDIMPROVINGWORKEFFICIENCY,BUTALSOIMPROVINGTHEQUALITYOFDOCUMENTSANDREDUCINGTHEMISTAKESOFDOCUMENTSTIDINESS,THATISTOSAY,THEDOCUMENTSSHOULDBECLEAR,CLEAN,ANDBEAUTIFULETCBESIDES,THEREASONABLEFORMATDESIGN,THECLEARDISTINCTIONBETWEENPRIMARYANDSECONDARYINCONTENTSARRANGEMENTANDTHEIMPORTANTCONTENTSSTROKEDANDTHESMEAREDAPPEARANCESHOULDNOTBEAPPEARED,MEANWHILE,ADDANDAMENDSHOULDBEAVOIDORREDUCED212THERULESOFDOCUMENTSMAKINGWHENMAKETHEDOCUMENTS,THEREAREFOURRULESWESHOULDPAYATTENTIONTOTHEYARE“CONSISTENTBETWEENDOCUMENTSANDCONTRACT”,“JUSTTHESAME”,“THESAMEDO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