【毕业设计 毕业论文】模具专业 外文文献翻译 中英文

附录一科技文献翻译原文THEPROCESSISSIMILARINMOSTCUSTOMROLLFORMINGSHOPSTHECUSTOMERSENDSAPARTDESIGNANDYOUNEEDTOMAKEITYOUORDERWHATYOUNEEDFROMYOURTOOLSUPPLIER,PLACETHENEWTOOLINGONYOURMILLANDRUNTHEJOBBUTHIDDENINTHATSIMPLESEQUENCEARENUMEROUSPOTENTIALPITFALLSTHATCANTURNTHEPROSPECTOFPROFITABLEWORKINTOANIGHTMAREOFOUTOFSPECSECTIONS,FAILEDTOOLINGANDFAULTFINDING,NOTTOMENTIONMONEYFLYINGOUTTHEWINDOWAGAINSTTHEBACKDROPOFANIDLEROLLFORMINGMILLORAHEAPOFSCRAPPEDMATERIALTHESTAKESAREASHIGHASEVERFORCUSTOMFOLLFORMERSANDAPROPERTOOLINGLAUNCHCANHELPENSURESUCCESSFULJOBRUNS,ACCORDINGTOCHUCKSUMMERHILL,ENGINEERINGMANAGERFORROLLKRAFT,MENTOR,OH,ADESIGNERANDSUPPLIEROFROLLFORMTOOLINGHEOFFERSSOMETIPSYOUCANUSETOHELPSMOOTHTOOLSELECTION,SETUPANDOPERATIONGETINVOLVEDWITHPRODUCTDESIGNINTHEBEGINNING,ACUSTOMERLIKELYPROVIDESACUSTOMROLLFORMERWITHAPRINTWITHACROSSSECTIONALSHAPEOFTHEPART,ANDSPECIFICATIONSONTHELENGTH,NUMBEROFHOLESORNOTCHESANDANYVALUEADDEDPROCESSREQUIREMENTSCAREFULLYSTUDYTHESECUSTOMEREXPECTATIONS,SAYSSUMMERHILL,ANDCONSULTWITHYOURCUSTOMERANDTOOLINGPROVIDERIFPOSSIBLE,CHANGINGSOMEASPECTSORPARTDESIGNOREASINGSOMENONCRITICALTOLERANCESCANSMOOTHOUTTHEMANUFACTURINGPROCESS,SIMPLIFYTOOLINGANREDUCEPIECEPARTPRICEOFTEN,IFITSNOTTOOLATEINTHEPROCESS,THEROLLFORMTOOLINGSUPPLIERCANMAKESUGGESTIONSINPARTDESIGNTOSAVETHEROLLFORMERANDENDUSECUSTOMERMONEYDONTCUTCOMERSWITHCOMPETITIVEBIDDINGANDCOSTPRESSURES,THETEMPTATIONEXISTSTOTRYANDSAVEUPFRONTONTOOLINGCOSTSROLLFORMTOOLINGPROVIDERSWELLWORKCLOSELYWITHROLLFORMERSTODESIGN,BUILDANDSUPPLYTOOLINGPROVIDERSWILLWORKCLOSELYWITHROLLFORMERSTODESIGN,BUILDANDSUPPLYTOOLINGIDEALFORTHEJOB,BUTCOMPROMISINGCANLEADTOPROBLEMS“BECAREFULABOUTTRYINGTOCUTCORNERS,”CAUTIONSSUMMERHILL”FOREXAMPLE,AROLLFORMERMAYTHELLITSTOOLINGSUPPLIER,IDONTHAVEA12STATIONIN10STATIONSTHATCANLEADTODIFFICULTIESFURTHERALONGINTHEPROCESSCHALLENGESARISINGFROMCUTTINGCORNERSWILLPOPUPEVERYTIMEAROLLFORMERTRIESTOSETUPFORTHEJOB,ANDEXTRATWEAKINGTIMEISREQUIREDTOGETAMACHINETOPRODUCETHEPARTCORRECTLYOPTINGFORTHERIGHTTOOLINGFORTHEJOBMAYCOSTMOREUPFRONTBUTITYIELDSASIMPLIFIEDSETUPANDEASILYREPEATABLEPROCESS,SAVINGTIMEANDMONEYOVERTHELIFEOFAJOB”VERIFYSETUPSWITHPARTDESIGNFINALIZEDANDTOOLINGSELECTED,TOOLDESIGNANDBUILDISNEXTONTHEAGENDAAGOODTOOLSUPPLIERWILLINCORPORATEFEATURESINTOTHEDESIGNTOEASEOPERATORSETUPTOOLSETUPCHARTSCANBEINVALUABLE“THESEINSTRUCTIONS,INCLUDEDWITHTHETOOLING,PROVIDEINFORMATIONONHOWTOGAUGETHEROLLSPROPERLYONTHEROLLFORMINGMACHINE,FOREXAMPLE,”SAYSSUMMERHILL”AGAIN,INCORPORATINGSUCHITEMSCANCOSTABITMOREUPFRONT,BUTTHEYPROVIDEOPERATORSADDITIONALWAYSTOVERIFYSETUPSANOTHERSIMPLIFIERMOSTROLLFORMTOOLSUPPLIERSINCLUDEGAUGINGHUBSONTOOLING,ALLOWINGOPERATORSTORUNTHESTRIPINTOTHEROLLSANDEASILYSETPROPERROLLGAPSCHEKINGTEMPLATESAGOODIDEAAPROACTIVEAPPROACHINVOLVESCHECKINGTEMPLATES,ASSUMMERHILLCALLSTHEM“MANYOFOURHIGHVOLUMETUBEANDPIPEROLLFORMIINGCUSTOMERSUSETEMPLATESMADEFROMTHINSTEEL,”HESAYS”THESECHECKINGTEMPLATESAREBASICALLYMIRRORIMAGESOFTHETOOLINGTHEOPERATORSETSTHETEMPLATEONTOPOFTHEROLLSANDCANSEEWHERETHEROLLSHAVEBEENWEARING,JUSTBYSEEINGLIGHTTHETEMPLATESHOWSWEARANTHATISTHEDETERMININGFACTOROFWHENAROLLFORMERSHOULDREGRINDTHEROLLSORPLACEANEWPIECEINTOAROLL“UNFORTUNATELY,”CONTINUESSUMMERHILL,”NOTMANYCUSTOMROLLFORMERSUSETEMPLATESINALLMYYEARSINROLLFORMING,IVEONLYMADECHECKINGTEMPLATESABOUTTWOTIMESFORACUSTOMROLLFORMERSTOOLSETOFTEN,OPERATORSWILLVISUALLYINSPECTROLLSANDSEEGROOVESINTHETOOLSORNOTESCRATCHESANDSCUFFSONSECTIONSEXITINGTHELINEPACIFICENERGYFIREPLACEPRODUCTSLTD,OFVANCOUVERISLANDINDUNCAN,BRITISHCOLUMBIA,HASBEENMANUFACTURINGHIGHEFFICIENCYWOODANDGASFIREDAPPLIANCESFORMORETHAN25YEARSITSUSEOFUNIQUESHEETMETALFORMINGTOOLSONTWOFINNPOWERSHEARGENIUSSGCELLSSHEARANDPUNCHMACHINESDEMONSTRATETHEABILITYTOUSEFULLTONNAGEUPFORMINGSTATIONSWITHATOOLLARGERTHAN35INDIATHEFIRMPURCHASEDITSFIRSTSGINAUGUST2003TOTAKETHEFABRICATIONWORKLOADFROMTHREEOFITSAGINGSTANDALONERURRETPRESSESTHATITCOUPLEDWITHMANUALSHEARINGTHATMOVEYIELDEDA4050PERCENTJUMPINPARTSPRODUCTIONANDWHENORDERSFORITSAPPLIANCESTOOKOFFAFTERANINDUSTRYTRADESHOWLATEIN2004THETYPICALENDOFSEASONSLOWDOWNEVERMATERIALIZEDANDTHEFIRMFOUNDITSELFRUNNING247EVENAFTERTHEHOLIDAYSEASON,ITRANTOFINNPOWERFORASECONDSGTOKEEPUPWITHDEMANDPACIFICENERGYHADINTRODUCEDANEWLINEOFLUXURYGASFIREPLACESTHATSPURREDORDERSANDPRESSUREPRODUCTIONCAPACITYSAYSTREVORGREGSON,PACIFICENERGYPRODUCTIONMANAGER”INTHELASTTWOTOTHREEYEARSWEHAVEEASILYDOUBLEDINSIZEWEHAVEHADSOMGROWINGPAINS,INCLUDINGBOTTLENECKSINSHEETMETALFABRICATIONWHEREWEVEHADTORUNDAYANDNIGHT”ASHEARGENIUSMACHINECOMBINESA33TON20STATIONHYDRAULICTURRETPUNCHPRESSWITHARIGHTANGLESHEARTHETURRETPRESSFEATURESPROGRAMMABLEPENETRATIONDEPTH,RAMSPEEDANDSTROKELENGTH,ANDOFFERAWORKAREAOF60BY100INTHESHEARHOUSESA316INXAXISBLADEANDA5964INYAXISBLADE,ANDCANSLICEMILDSTEELTO9GAUGEANDTYPE304STAINLESSSTEELTO12GAUGEPACIFICENERGYTYPICALLYPROCESSESSTEELSHEETFROM26GAUGETO3/16INTHICK,ITALSORUNSSOMESTAINLESSSTEELTO12GAUGEASWELLASABITOFALUMINIZEDANDOTHERCOATEDSTEELSAVOIDINGSHEETMARKINGTOPRODUCEA4125INDIAKNOWCKOUTIN16GAUGEHOTROLLEDSTEEL,WITHHIGHSHEETTRAVERSESPEEDSFORALLPUNCHINGANDSHEETMOVEMENTSALONGWITHMINIMALSHEETMARKING,REQUIRESAFABRICATORTOAVOIDUSINGHIGHFORMTOOLSINTHERURRETATPACIFICENERGY,THISISACHIEVEDBYUSINGTHESGSUPFORMINGSYSTEM,WHICHHASASEPARARTELYCONTROLLEDSECONDARY25TONLOWERHYDRAULICRAMTHATINCLUDESCOININGDWELLBUILTINTOTHEUPFORMPROCESSTHEMACHINECANBEPROGRAMMEDTOFORMINEIGHTERDIRECTIONDEPENDINGONTYPEOFFORMREQUIREDITALSOOFFERSTHREEADDITIONALFORMINGMODESDEEPDRAW,WITHBUILTINCOININGDELAYTHATFINDSUSEFOREMBOSSINGMECHANICALBOTTOMING,FORPRECISIONFORMINGANDELECTRONICSTROKECONTROLTOUPFORMTHEKNOCKOUTS,PACIFICENERGYEMPLOYSASPECIALTWOPIECETOOLFROMMATEPRECISIONTOOLING,ANOKA,MNTHETOOLINCLUDESACUSTOM35INHOLDERTHATALLOWSFORASSEMBLYINTHETURRET,ANDOFFERSTHEFLEXIBILITYTOALLOWUSEOFREGULAR35INTOOLINGINTHATSTATIONFINNPOWERSUPFORMINGSYSTEMALLOWSFULLTONNAGETHROUGHOUTTHEPUNCHSTROKEINANUPWARDMOVEMENTINTHETURRETTHISFEATUREPROVIDESPACIFICENERGYTHEMAXIMUMFLEXIBILITYINACHIEVINGVARIOUSFORMINGOPTIONSUNLISKCONVENTIONALDOWNFORMINGOPERATIONS,UPFORMINGMEANSTHATTHEDIENEVERRESTSHIGHERTHANTABLELEVELSO,WHENTHESHEETMOVESITCANTCRASHINTOTHETOOLS,LEADINGTOMACHINEDOWNTIME,ANDAVOIDSANYSCRATCHESONTHELOWERSHEETSURFACETHISISPARTICULARLYIMPORTANTWITHCOATEDMATERIALSORMATERIALSWHERECOSMETICAPPEARANCEISCRITICALTIGHTERTOLERANCESIMPROVEDHYDRAULICSAND,INSOMEPRESSES,THEUSEOFELECTRICALLYDRIVENPUNCHHEADS,HAVEALLOWEDSTAMPERSTOCONSIDERUSINGCNCPUNCHINGMACHINESONTIGHTTOLERANCEPARTSSUCHASCARDGUIDESUSEDINTELECOMMUNICATIONSEQUIPMENTWHEREPRECISIONISCRITICALINFORMS,SAYSPATRICKCANNING,VICEPRESIDENT,FINNPOWER,SCHAUMBURG,IL,SHOPSMIGHTLOOKTOELECTRICMACHINES,WHEREWECANDELIVERFORMREPEATABILITYOF00004INIMPROVEDFORMINGONPUNCHINGMACHINESALSOCOMESTHANKSTOBETTERHYDRAULICSINNEWERMACHINES,ACCORDINGTOBOBCOSCARELLI,CNCPRODUCTMANAGERFORAMADAAMERICA,BUENAPARK,CAWESEEGREATLYIMPROVEDCONTROLOFTHESTROKEBOTHITSDISTANCEANDDWELLSOTHATTHEFORMINGOFLOUVERS,LANCES,EXTRUSIONSANDTHELIKEOCCURQUICKLYANDVERYPRECISELY,HESAYSTHESEHYDRAULICENHANCEMENTS,ALONGWITHIMPROVEDCONTROLSINTRODUCEDINTHELATE1990S,DELIVER,ONAVERAGE,A30PERCENTIMPROVEMENTINPRODUCTIVITYANDQUALITYFOROURCUSTOMERSTRUMPFSMORISSETTECONCURS,ADDING”ADVANCESINHYDRAULICSALLOWMACHINESTOSTROKEFASTERWHENUPFORMINGSTIFFENINGRIBSDURINGHIGHSPEEDBEADINGOFRIBS,WECANSTROKEAT2800STROKES/MINTHISHIGHERSPEED,ALONGWITHIMPROVEDHYDRAULICCONTROLOVERTOOLRETRACTHEIGHT,ALLOWSUSTODOMORETHANFORMWEREREALLYFLOWINGTHEMATERIALNOWTHISGIVESIMPROVEDAPPEARANCETHEE5WORKCENTERISTHELATESTSTANDALONETURRETPUNCHPRESSFROMFINNPOWER,BRINGINGSIXAXESUNDERCNCMANAGEMENT,ANDASERVOMOTORDRIVENPUNCHMECHANISMTHAT,ACCORDINGTOPATRICKCANNING,COMPANYVICEPRESIDENT,CANREDUCEELECTRICALCOSTSBYASMUCHAS75PERCENTCOMPAREDTOANALLHYDRAULICMACHINEITFORMSTO0630INHIGH,WITHREPEATABILITYTO0004INTOOPTIMIZETHROUGHPUT,ITYIELDSHIGHERRAMSPEEDINTHEUPPERSTROKEAREA,WHEREFORCEISNOTREQUIRED,THENDELIVERSTHENEEDEDFORCEANDPRECISEPOSITIONINGACCURACYINTHELOWERSTROKEEQUIPPEDWITHTHEOPTIONALUPFORMINGMECHANISM,ALSOSERVOMOTORDRIVEN,THEFORMINGDIELOCATESBELOWTHETABLESURFACEDURINGSHEETMOVEMENTNOSCRATCHESORCOLLISIONSASINGLEACSERVOMOTORSYSTEMALSODRIVESTHEAUTOINDEXSYSTEM,WITHFULL360DEGROTATIONIN0001ININCREMENTSFORAUTOMATION,WHICHCANNINGSAYSNOWACCOMPANIES70PERCENTOFTHEFIRMSORDERS,FINNPOWEROFFERSTHEFLEXIBLEMANUFACTURINGUNITFMUFORLOADINGOFFULLSIZEDSHEETSREMOTEMACHINEDIAGNOSTICSWHILECNCPUNCHINGMACHINESAREDOINGMOREWORKTHANEVERBEFORE,ELIMINATINGTHENEEDFORMANYSECONDARYOPERATIONSSOTHATSHOPSCANMAKECOMPLETEPARTSINONESETUP,TIMELYANDACCURATEMACHINEDIAGNOSTICSMINIMIZINGDOWNTIMEFORMAINTENANCEANDREPAIRTAKESONADDEDIMPORTANCESHOPSNEEDTOPERFORMMAINTENANCEBEFOREANYTHINGBREAKS,AVOIDUNNECESSARYMAINTENANCEANDMACHINEDOWNTIME,ANDENSUREPROMPTANDSHORTMAINTENANCECALLSTORETURNMACHINESTOPRODUCTIONASAP“CUSTOMERSHAVEBEENASKING,PARTICULARLYWITHINTHELASTFIVEYEARS,”SAYSCANNING,”FORABETTERWAYTOMONITORTHEIREQUIPMENTINORDERTOOPTIMIZERUNTIMEAPHONELINEHOOKUPENABLESUSTONOWMONITORMACHINESFOROURCUSTOMERS,LOOKINGATPARAMETERSSUCHASHOWMUCHOILFLOWSTHROUGHAMACHINEORHOWMANYMILESABALLSCREWHASLOGGEDWECANTAKETHEDATACOLLECTEDANDPRODUCEREPORTSPERIODICALLYTOTRIGGERMAINTENANCEHALFOFOURNEWCUSTOMERSTHATPURCHASEAMACHINENOWPURCHASETHISTYPEOFSERVICETHEYARESODEPENDENTONTHEMACHINESTHATTHEYNEEDASMUCHASHELPASTHEYCANGETTOAVOIDUNNECESSARYDOWNTIMETHISMEANSPERFORMINGMAINTENANCEWHENITSNEEDED,NOTBEFORENORWHENITSTOOLATEANDAREPAIRBECOMESNECESSARYCUSTOMERSCANRECEIVESOFTWAREUPDATESTOTHEIREQUIPMENTONLINEWECANDIAGNOSEPROBLEMSWITHAMACHINEORCONTROLLERREMOTELYANDSENDANEEDEDREPAIRPARTTHEREAHEADOFTHETECHNICIANSOWHENHEARRIVES,THEPARTHENEEDSISTHERETHISCANSHAVEDAYSOFFTHEREPAIRPROCESS”译文范库佛峰的太平洋能量炉制造有限公司在邓肯，哥伦比亚已经制造了高功率的气炉设备25年之久。它们将独特的薄片制造工具装在剪切压力机的两个剪切单元上，显示了有能力使用装载35英寸直径刀具的大吨位的上成型工作站。公司在2003年8月购买了第一台剪切机来替代已经老化了的单柱压力头和人工修剪。使生产量提高了4050。自2004的工业贸易展示以后，用户的需求量突飞猛增。为了满足需求量，公司增添了第二台剪切机。太平洋能源公司引进了一条昂贵的气炉设备来提高生产能力。太平洋能源公司的生产部经理TREVORGREGSON说，“在过去的两三年中，我们的销量很容易的就翻了一倍。但是我们随之有一些成长的烦恼，包括在金属片制造的瓶颈，使我们不得不每日每夜轮翻的工作。一个剪切机由一个33吨有20个位置的液压冲压柱构成。这个冲压头可调节冲压深度，冲压速度和冲压长度，提供了一个60英寸至100英寸的工作区域。在剪切区中，分别在X方向上一条316英寸长和在Y方向上一条5964英寸长的刀刃，能够剪切9个厚度的轻钢，和12个厚度的304钢。在厚16的热卷钢上敲一个4125英寸直径的需要制造者避免采用较高的成型工具。在太平洋能源公司，使用了SG的倒冲系统很好的实现了控制。它包括了一个其控制作用的25吨的液压系统。该机器能根据需求来改变不同的成型方向。它能提供三种成型模式，深拉伸（如果设置冲压延时，可用于制作压纹），精确成型，以及电子冲压控制。在反冲压中，太平洋能源公司是用了来自于MATEPRECISIONTOOLING的一种特殊的双片刀具。这种刀具有一个35英寸的常规夹头，用来夹装在冲压柱上，以及提供了一个标准的35英寸刀具装置。FINNPOWER的倒冲系统给太平洋能源公司提供了很高的适应性用于不同成型种类的选择。不像传统的成型系统，倒冲意味着模具永远不会在高于工作面上停下。当金属片移动的时候，刀具不会擦碰到产品表面，从而避免了在产品上刮出痕迹的情况。在金属土过层的情况下，这种避免就显得尤为重要。挤出工具在太平洋能源公司在SG设备上使用了一个4125英寸的挤出刀具，其功能和冲压工具类似。它能将擦伤减到最小程度，提高加工速度。太平洋能源公司使用SG设备使用MATE的NOVAOBLONG挤出刀具。挤出用散热部件通过通风口来驱散热量。这个过程和大多数的自动卷料装置工厂的过程差不多。客户递交零件设计，然后由你来做。你提出你的刀具需求，然后安装在你的铣床上进行加工。但这个过程，其中隐藏了很多很多潜在的缺陷，会导致将一个很好的产品报废。按照ROLLKRAFT的工程师CHUCKSUMMERHILL说，桩子和普通的自动卷料料装置一样高，合适的刀具能保证工作的顺利进行。CHUCKSUMMERHILL是身为一名自动卷料装置的设计师与供应者。他提供了一些关于帮助刀具的选择，安装，操作的小诀窍。关于产品设计起初，一个客户可能提供给卷料供应商的是一个打印的零件的截面图，它详述了长度，孔、槽的数量以及一些附加的要求。SUMMERHILL提到，认真阅读客户的期望要求，然后与你的客户和刀具供应商进行恰谈。如果可以，改变部件的一些设计方面或者降低某些不重要的公差，这样可以方便生产过程，简化刀具以及降低零件的价格。在激烈的价格竞争中，节省刀具费用费用将变得有味的具有诱惑。卷料刀具的供应者对其客户提供设计，制造及提供刀具来优化工作，但是要将各方面都处理好是一个很大的问题。“注意切角”SUMMERHILL提醒到，“例如，一个卷料供应商往往会对刀具供应商这么说“我们无法提供你所做希望的12台卷料机，能提供10台吗。”这将会导致很大的困难。选择合适的刀具会使成本上升，但是它能够简单的安装，以及再处理，通过节约生产周期来节约了钱。在设计稿定下来，刀具也选好了之后，就开始制造了。一个好的刀具供应商会结合特点来设计刀具给客户使用。刀具安装说明是毫无意义的。这些说明，包括刀具，提供了怎样正确测量在卷料机上的圆筒，他们也提供给了操作者一些测量方法。另外，大多数卷料刀具供应商包括刀具毂测量允许操作者通过运行皮带来设置滚轮间隙。我们的许多管子和管道卷料用户用金属片制作的模版来检测。这些检验