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FULCHERPHARMACOLOGY,3RDEDITIONCHAPTER01INTRODUCTIONTOPHARMACOLOGYANDITSLEGALANDETHICALASPECTSTESTBANKMULTIPLECHOICE1THEDEFINITIONOFDRUGDOSAGEISATOGIVEAMEDICATIONBTHEAMOUNTOFMEDICATIONINASINGLEDOSECCHEMICALSTHATAFFECTLIVINGPROCESSESDAWRITTENDIRECTIONFORDISPENSINGDRUGSANSBREF32PHARMACOLOGYISDEFINEDASTHEASTUDYOFDISEASESBUSEOFDRUGSTODIAGNOSE,PREVENT,ORTREATDISEASECSTUDYOFDRUGS,THEIRUSES,ANDTHEIRINTERACTIONSINLIVINGTISSUEDSTUDYOFADMINISTRATIONOFDRUGSANSCREF33TOADMINISTERADRUGMEANSTOAGIVETHATMEDICATIONBFIGURETHEDOSAGEOFTHEMEDICATIONCSEEHOWTHEMEDICATIONAFFECTSTHEPERSONDWRITEAPRESCRIPTIONFORAMEDICATIONANSAREF44OTCMEANSAOFFTHECHANNELBOVERTHECHEMICALCONLYAFTERTHECHEMICALTRIALSDOVERTHECOUNTERANSDREF35WHICHOFTHEFOLLOWINGMAYPRESCRIBEMEDICATIONSAPHARMACISTSBPHYSICIANSCMEDICALASSISTANTSDALLOFTHEABOVEANSBREF46WHODISPENSESMEDICATIONSAPHYSICIANSBALLIEDHEALTHPROFESSIONALSCPHARMACISTSDALLOFTHEABOVEANSCREF47ANACTIONFOLLOWINGTHEADMINISTRATIONOFAMEDICATIONTHATISCOMPLETELYUNEXPECTED,UNDESIRABLE,ANDUNINTENDEDISANASIDEEFFECTBADVERSEREACTIONCAANDBDNONEOFTHEABOVEANSBREF78THEHEALTHPROFESSIONALSWHOAREMOSTRESPONSIBLEFORTHESAFETYOFPRESCRIPTIONSWITHPATIENTS,WHOCHECKFORALLERGIESANDSIDEEFFECTS,ANDWHOENSURECHECKSANDBALANCESINTHEFIELDOFMEDICINEINCLUDEAPHYSICIANSBPHARMACISTSCMEDICALASSISTANTSDAANDCEALLOFTHEABOVEANSEREF49THEMOSTIMPORTANTPERSONINTHESTUDYOFPHARMACOLOGYTHEPERSONWHOSHOULDBECONSIDEREDWHENMEDICATIONSAREUSEDTHERAPEUTICALLYISTHEAPHYSICIANBMEDICALASSISTANTCPHARMACISTDPATIENTANSDREF410INTHEUNITEDSTATES,WHOINITIATESTHEPROCESSOFMEDICALCAREAPATIENTBPHARMACISTCPHYSICIANDMEDICALASSISTANTANSAREF411THEPERSONSWITHTHERESPONSIBILITYFOROBTAININGINFORMATIONANDKEEPINGRECORDSOFALLDRUGSUSEDBYAPATIENTBOTHPRESCRIPTIONANDOVERTHECOUNTERMEDICATIONSANDHERBSIS/ARETHEAPHYSICIANBPHARMACISTCMEDICALASSISTANTDAANDBEALLOFTHEABOVEANSDREF3412WHATGOVERNMENTAGENCYORAGENCIESCONTROLPRESCRIPTIONORLEGENDMEDICATIONSADRUGENFORCEMENTAGENCYBBUREAUOFDANGEROUSDRUGSCFOODANDDRUGADMINISTRATIONDAANDCEALLOFTHEABOVEANSDREF3413THEOVERUSEORMISUSEOFDRUGSISCONSIDEREDDRUGAABUSEBDEPENDENCECADDICTIONDNONEOFTHEABOVEANSAREF1614THEAGENCYRESPONSIBLEFORTHEEFFICACY,PURITY,ANDSAFETYOFMEDICATIONSISTHEADEABFDACBNDDDNONEOFTHEABOVEANSBREF315THEFDAISADIVISIONOFTHEADEPARTMENTOFJUSTICEBDEPARTMENTOFHEALTHANDHUMANSERVICESCDEPARTMENTOFSOCIALSERVICESDBUREAUOFNARCOTICSANDDANGEROUSDRUGSANSBREF1016STANDARDIZATIONOFDRUGSBEGANAINTHE19THCENTURYBINTHE20THCENTURYCAFTER1950DDRUGSHAVEALWAYSBEENSTANDARDIZEDANSBREF717CONSUMERSAFETYBECAMEANIMPORTANTISSUEDURINGTHELATTERPARTOFTHE20THCENTURYBECAUSEOFTHEAINCREASEDUSEOFDRUGSBYTHEPUBLICBNEEDTOBESURETHATDRUGSHAVETHEEXPECTEDTHERAPEUTICPROPERTIESCINCREASEDNUMBERSOFOTCMEDICATIONSDALLOFTHEABOVEEAANDCANSEREF718THEACTTHATPLACEDDANGEROUSDRUGSINTOSCHEDULESISTHEAKEFAUVERHARRISAMENDMENTBFEDERALFOOD,DRUG,ANDCOSMETICACTOF1938CCONTROLLEDSUBSTANCESACTOF1970DHARRISONNARCOTICACTOF1914ANSCREF919THEFORMULARYFORMEDICATIONSISAPPROVEDBYTHEAUSPBNFCFDADDEAANSBREF720DRUGTESTINGISDONEONWHICHOFTHEFOLLOWINGBEFOREBEINGNAMEDANINVESTIGATIONALNEWDRUGAANIMALSBHUMANSCAANDBDNONEOFTHEABOVEANSAREF1121THEPHYSICIANMUSTKEEPWHICHOFTHEFOLLOWINGRECORDSWHENUSINGDRUGSFOUNDONTHEDEALISTOFSCHEDULEDMEDICATIONSAALOGOFALLSCHEDULEDMEDICATIONSGIVENBCOPIESOFTHESUPPLIERSINVOICESSHOWINGTHERECEIPTOFTHEDRUGCACOPYOFABNDDNUMBERFOREACHPLACEWHERETHEPHYSICIANADMINISTERSSCHEDULEIIMEDICATIONSDBANDCEALLOFTHEABOVEANSEREF1222THEACTTHATALLOWSDRUGMANUFACTURERSTOFINDNEWUSESINRAREMEDICALCONDITIONSFORMEDICATIONSPREVIOUSLYFOUNDTOBEDANGEROUSISTHEACONTROLLEDSUBSTANCESACTOF1970BOMNIBUSRECONCILIATIONACTOF1990CORPHANDRUGACTOF1983DKEFAUVERHARRISAMENDMENTANSCREF9TRUE/FALSE1PHARMACOLOGYISASCIENCETHATSTANDSALONEANDDOESNOTREQUIREKNOWLEDGEFROMOTHERSCIENCEAREASANSFREF102DRUGSALWAYSBRINGTHEBODYINTOHOMEOSTASISANSFREF93THEFIRSTDECADEOFTHE20THCENTURYWASATIMEWHENMANYNEWMEDICATIONSWEREBEINGDISCOVEREDANDPLACEDINTOUSEWITHPERMISSIONOFTHEFDAANSFREF74VACCINESFORCOMMUNICABLEDISEASESHAVEBEENUSEDONAROUTINEBASISFOROVER100YEARSANSFREF175THE1950SBROUGHTABOUTMANYSOCIOLOGICALANDMEDICALCHANGESWITHTHEADVENTOFORALCONTRACEPTIVESANDDRUGSTOTREATMENTALILLNESSANSTREF36MEDICATIONSTODAYAREMADEFROMDNATECHNOLOGYASWELLASFROMPLANTANDANIMALSOURCESANSTREF97PENICILLINFORTHECONTROLOFCOMMUNICABLEDISEASESWASFIRSTUSEDDURINGTHE1920SANSFREF78SULFONAMIDESWEREMADEPOPULARFORUSEDURINGTHEFIRST10YEARSOFTHE20THCENTURYANSFREF79CORTISONEWASINTRODUCEDINTHELATE1940S,ANDTHISADVANCEMENTOPENEDTHEDOORSFORORGANTRANSPLANTSANDIMMUNOSUPPRESSIONTHERAPYANSTREF710ANEWAREAFORMEDICATIONADMINISTRATIONINTHENEARFUTUREWILLBEREFILLABLEMICROCHIPSTHATAREPLACEDUNDERTHESKINFORADMINISTERINGMEDICATIONSASNEEDEDANSTREF711APATIENTCANALWAYSCONSIDERANINTERNETPHARMACYTOBESAFEANDRELIABLEANSFREF712THENEEDSOFTHEARMEDSERVICESWEREIMPORTANTINTHEEXTENSIONOFTHEPHARMACEUTICALFIELDANSTREF1313FOLKMEDICINEHASNOCONNECTIONTOTODAYSPHARMACOLOGYANSFREF1314SOCIETYHASNOINFLUENCEONTHEFIELDOFPHARMACOLOGYTHEPATIENTPHYSICIANPHARMACISTALLIEDHEALTHPROFESSIONALRELATIONSHIPISTHEONLYINFLUENCETHATISIMPORTANTINTHEFIELDOFPHARMACOLOGYANSFREF1315THEFIELDOFPHARMACOLOGYISBASICALLYONLY100YEARSOLDANSFREF1316FOLKLOREWASTHEBASISOFMUCHEARLYRESEARCHINPHARMACOLOGYANSTREF1317PATIENTATTITUDESTOWARDMEDICATIONSAREIMPORTANTINHOWAPATIENTTAKESPRESCRIPTIONSANSTREF318APHYSICIANMAYPRESCRIBEMEDICATIONSWITHOUTALICENSEBECAUSEHEORSHEHASTHENECESSARYEDUCATIONANSFREF319DRUGSTANDARDSARETHESAMEINALLSTATESANDCOUNTRIESANSFREF820OTCDRUGSARENOTREGULATEDBYTHEFDAANSFREF621THEFIRSTREGULATIONONIMPORTATION,MANUFACTURE,SALE,ANDUSEOFNARCOTICSANDTHEIRDERIVATIVESWASFOUNDINTHEHARRISONNARCOTICACTOF1914ANSTREF622FORADRUGTOBECLASSIFIEDASOTC,ITMUSTBESAFEFORUSEWHENTHEPHARMACISTSUGGESTSITSUSEANSFREF6723THEFEDERALTRADECOMMISSIONANDTHECONSUMERPRODUCTSSAFETYCOMMISSIONHAVEREGULATIONOVERDRUGPACKAGINGANSTREF624IFANADVERSEREACTIONOCCURSDURINGTHEUSEOFADRUG,DOCUMENTATIONINTHEMEDICALRECORDISNECESSARYTOPROVIDETHEPHYSICIANWITHTHEINFORMATIONNEEDEDTOREPORTTHEREACTIONTOTHEAPPROPRIATEAGENCIESANSTREF625ALLDRUGSWITHTHEPOTENTIALFORABUSE,ASFOUNDUNDERTHEAUSPICESOFTHECONTROLLEDSUBSTANCESACTOF1970,AREFOLLOWEDBYTHEDEAFROMMANUFACTURETOSALEINAPHARMACYORUSEBYTHEPHYSICIANANSTREF626CONTROLLEDSUBSTANCESINSCHEDULEIISHOULDBEKEPTSEPARATEFROMOTHERDRUGSANDINASECUREAREAANSTREF627ANINVENTORYOFCONTROLLEDSUBSTANCESMUSTBETAKENINAPHYSICIANSOFFICEEVERY5YEARSANSFREF1028IFCONTROLLEDSUBSTANCESAREADMINISTEREDBUTNOTDISPENSEDINAPHYSICIANSOFFICE,THEMEDICALRECORDMAYBEUSEDASTHEDOCUMENTATIONOFTHEUSEOFTHECONTROLLEDSUBSTANCEANSTREF629IFMEDICATIONSAREADMINISTEREDANDDISPENSEDINAPHYSICIANSOFFICE,SEPARATERECORDSOTHERTHANTHEPATIENTRECORDMUSTBEKEPTSHOWINGWHERETHEMEDICATIONSHAVEBEENUSEDANSTREF530THEPHYSICIANMUSTHAVEPERMISSIONFROMTHEDEATODISPOSEOFOUTDATEDCONTROLLEDSUBSTANCESANSTREF7|1631THEPHYSICIANMUSTHAVEPERMISSIONFROMTHEFDATODISPOSEOFANYOUTDATEDMEDICATIONSANSFREF532PRESCRIPTIONPADSSHOULDBELEFTONTHEPHYSICIANSDESKINEACHEXAMROOMFOREASEINWRITINGPRESCRIPTIONSANSFREF533AGOODSAFEGUARDINPREVENTINGFORGERYOFPRESCRIPTIONSISTOPHOTOCOPYALLPRESCRIPTIONSLEAVINGTHEOFFICEANSTREF534DRUGSAMPLESREQUIREASIGNATUREBYTHEPHYSICIANBEFOREADRUGSALESREPRESENTATIVELEAVESTHEMEDICATIONANSTREF4|535THEMEDICALASSISTANTSHOULDALLOWTHEDRUGSALESREPRESENTATIVETOLEAVEANYMEDICATIONTHATMIGHTBEUSEDINTHEOFFICEFORPATIENTCAREANSFREF736DRUGSAMPLESPROVIDEDTOAPATIENTMAYNOTBEREPACKAGEDBEFOREDISPENSINGTOTHEPATIENTINTHEMEDICALOFFICEANSTREF437PRESCRIPTIONPADSMAKEWONDERFULNOTEPADSANDPAPERFORORDERINGBLOODTESTSANDXRAYSANSFREF838ITISETHICALANDLEGALTOCHARGEFORDRUGSAMPLESINAPHYSICIANSOFFICEANSFREF8MATCHINGMATCHTHEFOLLOWINGTERMSWITHTHEIRDESCRIPTIONSBELOWAADVERSEREACTIONBPHARMACOLOGYCDEADFDAESIDEEFFECTSFBNDD1RESPONSIBLEFORREVIEWINGANDTESTINGALLDRUGSRELEASEDTOTHEPUBLIC2RESPONSIBLEFORCONTINUEDREGULATIONANDENFORCEMENTOFMANUFACTURINGANDDISPENSINGOFDANGEROUSANDPOTENTIALLYABUSEDDRUGS3THOSEEFFECTSTHATAREUNDESIRABLEORUNINTENDED4THEEFFECTOFADRUGOTHERTHANTHEDESIREDEFFECTBUTUSUALLYHASBEENSEENINCLINICALTRIALS5THESTUDYOFDRUGSANDTHEIRINTERACTIONSWITHLIVINGSYSTEMS6RESPONSIBLEFORREGISTRATIONOFALLPERSONSWHODISPENSE,ADMINISTER,PRESCRIBE,ORMANUFACTURECONTROLLEDSUBSTANCES1ANSDREF102ANSCREF113ANSAREF124ANSEREF145ANSBREF146ANSFREF14MATCHTHEFOLLOWINGTERMSWITHTHEIRDESCRIPTIONSBELOWAPOTENCYBQUALITYCEFFICACYDPU
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