新版八年级上册英语完形填空专项练习(含答案)

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，形立谓之文，声具谓之字。古今通论1象形。甲骨文此字象纹理纵横交错形。“文“是汉字的一个部首。本义花纹纹理。2同本义FIGUREVEINS文，英语念为TEXT、ARTICLE等，从字面意思上就可以理解为文章、文字，与古今中外的各个文学著作中出现的各种文字字形密不可分。古有甲骨文、金文、小篆等，今有宋体、楷体等，都在这一方面突出了“文“的重要性。古今中外，人们对于“文“都有自己不同的认知，从大的方面来讲，它可以用于表示一个民族的文化历史，从小的方面来说它可用于用于表示单独的一个“文“字，可用于表示一段话，也可用于人物的姓氏。折叠编辑本段基本字义1事物错综所造成的纹理或形象灿若锦。2刺画花纹身。3记录语言的符号字。盲。以害辞。4用文字记下来以及与之有关的凭。艺。体。典。苑。献（指有历史价值和参考价值的图书资料）。采（A文辞、文艺方面的才华；B错杂艳丽的色彩）。5人类劳动成果的总结化。物。6自然界的某些现象天。水。7旧时指礼节仪式虚。繁缛节（过多的礼节仪式）。8文华辞采，与“质”、“情”相对质彬彬。9温和火。静。雅。10指非军事的职。治武功（指礼乐教化和军事功绩）。11指以古汉语为基础的书面语552言。白间杂。12专指社会科学科。13掩饰过饰非。14量词，指旧时小铜钱一不名。15姓。16皇帝谥号，经纬天地曰文；道德博闻曰文；慈惠爱民曰文；愍民惠礼曰文；赐民爵位曰文；勤学好问曰文；博闻多见曰文；忠信接礼曰文；能定典礼曰文；经邦定誉曰文；敏而好学曰文；施而中礼曰文；修德来远曰文；刚柔相济曰文；修治班制曰文；德美才秀曰文；万邦为宪、帝德运广曰文；坚强不暴曰文；徽柔懿恭曰文；圣谟丕显曰文；化成天下曰文；纯穆不已曰文；克嗣徽音曰文；敬直慈惠曰文；与贤同升曰文；绍修圣绪曰文；声教四讫曰文。如汉文帝。折叠编辑本段字源字形字源演变与字形比较折叠编辑本段详细字义名1右图是“文”字的甲骨文图片，资料来源徐无闻主编甲金篆隶大字典，四川辞书出版社。1991年7月第一版。“文”字的甲骨文字绘画的像一个正面的“大人”，寓意“大象有形”、“象形”；特别放大了胸部，并在胸部画了“心”，含义是“外界客体在心里面的整体影像、整体写真、整体素描、整体速写”。许慎说文解字把“文”解释为“错画也”，意思是“对事物形象进行整体素描，笔画交错，相联相络，不可解构”，这与他说的独体为文、合体为字的话的意思是一致的。“说文解字”这个书名就表示了“文”只能“说”，而“字”则可“解”的意思。“文”是客观事物外在形象的速写，是人类进一步了解事物内在性质的基础，所以它是“字”的父母，“字”是“文”的孩子。“文”生“字”举例（以“哲”为例）先对人手摩画，其文为“手”；又对斧子摩画，其文为“斤”。以手、斤为父母，结合、生子，其子就是“折”（手和斤各代表父母的基因）。这个“折”就是许慎所谓的“字”。“字”从宀从子，“宀”表示“独立的房子”，子在其中，有“自立门户”的意思。故“字”还能与“文”或其他“字”结合，生出新“字”来。在本例，作为字的“折”与作为文的“口”结合，就生出了新的字“哲”。2同本义FIGUREVEINS文，错画也。象交文。今字作纹。东汉许慎说文五章以奉五色。春秋左丘明左传昭公二十五年。注“青与赤谓之文，赤与白谓之章，白与黑谓之黼，黑与青谓之黻。”美于黼黼文章。荀子非相茵席雕文。韩非子十过织文鸟章，白旆央央。诗小雅六月斑文小鱼。明刘基诚意伯刘文成公文集3又如文驾（彩车）；文斑（杂色的斑纹）；文旆（有文彩的旗帜）；文绣（绣有彩色花纹的丝织品；刺花图案）；文织（有彩色花纹的丝织品）；文鳞（鱼鳞形花纹）。4字，文字（“文”，在先秦时期就有文字的意思，“字”，到了秦朝才有此意。分别讲，“文”指独体字；“字”指合体字。笼统地说，都泛指文字。）CHARACTER饰以篆文。南朝宋范晔后汉书张衡传分文析字。东汉班固汉书刘歆传夫文，止戈为武。左传宣公十二年距洞数百步，有碑仆道，其文漫灭。王安石游褒禅山记文曰“天启壬戌秋日”。明魏学洢核舟记文曰“初平山尺”。5又如甲骨文；金文；汉文；英文；文迹（文字所记载的事迹）；文书爻（有关文字、文凭之类的卦象）；文异（文字相异）；文轨（文字和车轨）；文狱（文字狱）；文钱（钱。因钱有文字，故称）；文状（字据，军令状）；文引（通行证；路凭）；文定（定婚）。6文章（遣造的词句叫做“文”，结构段落叫做“章”。）LITERARYCOMPOSITION故说诗者不以文害辞。孟子万章上好古文。唐韩愈师说属予作文以记之。宋范仲淹岳阳楼记能述以文。宋欧阳修醉翁亭记摘其诗文。清纪昀阅微草堂笔记7又如文价（文章的声誉）；文魔（书呆子）；文会（旧时读书人为了准备应试，在一起写文章、互相观摩的集会）；文移（旧时官府文书的代称）；文雄（擅长写文章的大作家）；文意（文章的旨趣）；文义（文章的义理）；文情（文章的词句和情思）；本文（所指的这篇文章）；作文（写文章；学习练习所写的文章）；文魁（文章魁首）；文价（文章的声价）；文什（文章与诗篇）。8美德；文德VIRTUE圣云继之神，神乃用文治。杜牧感怀诗一首9又如文丈（对才高德韶的老者的敬称）；文母（文德之母）；文武（文德与武功）；文命（文德教命）；文惠（文德恩惠）；文德（写文章的道德）；文薄（谓文德浅薄）；文昭（文德昭著）。10文才；才华。亦谓有文才，有才华LITERARYTALENT而文采不表于后世也。汉司马迁报任安书11又如文业（才学）；文英（文才出众的人）；文采风流（横溢的才华与潇洒的风度）；文郎（有才华的青少年）；文彦（有文才德行的人）；文通残锦（比喻剩下不多的才华）。12文献，经典；韵文DOCUMENTCLASSICSVERSE儒以文乱法。韩非子五蠹言必遵修旧文而不穿凿。说文解字叙13辞词句。亦指文字记载WRITINGSRECORD。如文几（旧时书信中开头常用的套语。意为将书信呈献于几前）；文倒（文句颠倒）；文过其实（文辞浮夸，不切实际）；文义（文辞）；文辞（言词动听的辞令）；文绣（辞藻华丽）。14自然界的某些现象NATURA