激光打靶系统

A1A0A2A3A4A5A6A7A8A4A9A10A11A12摘要本毕业设计主要设计自主研发的激光打靶系统的信号处理过程，继而实现整个打靶系统。激光打靶系统主要包括半导体激光枪、光电探测器和信号处理电路，信号处理过程是整个系统的关键。激光打靶的打靶过程，由激光枪发射激光脉冲信号，光电靶接收激光脉冲信号，经过系列信号处理过程最终得到打靶的结果。光电靶由许多块的光电探测器组成，每块不同位置的光电探测器对应不同编号，从打靶的实际情况出发，确定了相应的编号规则。打靶的成绩由激光所击中的光电探测器的编号来判定。激光打靶系统的主要信号处理过程包括信号的放大、编码和数据传输。信号由光电探测器检测后传送到相应的放大电路，放大电路采用集成运算放大器。按原先对光电探测器的编码规则采用多路优先编码器对信号进行编码。最后把编码值以串口的形式传送到计算机，利用计算机的强大功能对打靶结果进行各种处理。G994计算机G1055G19400的串行数据传输由89C2051G2345G10267机实现。89C2051G2345G10267机的程G5219，G1363用KEIL编G16805器进行设计和G16855G16809G4448成，G1866主要功能是G6523G2058数据的串行传送，实现G994计算机的串口G17902信。A14A13A15A16A17A18A19A20A21A22A23A13A15A24A25A26A27A28A30A31A12A29A32A33A34A24A35A36A37A13A38A39A20A21A40A41A42A12A29A32A43A24A44A45A47A19A12A47A48A46A49A51A50A53A54A52A55A56A57A58A59A60A61A62A47A64A63A24A52A55A65A66A53A68A67A69A57A70A52A55A71A66A30关键词激光打靶G727信号处理G727信号编码G727串行传输A1A0A2A3A4A5A6A7A8A4A9A10A11A12A74ABSTRACTTHEMAINAIMOFTHISTHESISISTODESIGNANDREALIZESIGNALPROCESSINGOFASELFDEVELOPEDLASERTARGETSHOOTINGSYSTEMANDTHENREALIZETHEWHOLELASERTARGETSHOOTINGSYSTEMTHELASERTARGETSHOOTINGSYSTEMCONSISTSOFSEMICONDUCTORLASERGUN,PHOTOELECTRICDETECTOR,ANDSIGNALPROCESSINGCIRCUIT,WHICHISTHEKEYPARTOFTHEWHOLESYSTEMLASERTARGETSHOOTINGPROCESSGOTHOUGHFOLLOWINGSTEPSLASERGUNEMITTEDAPULSEOFLASER,WHICHWOULDBERECEIVEDBYTHELASERTARGETANDTHERESULTSOFSHOOTINGWILLBESHOWNONSCREENOFCOMPUTERBYSERIESSIGNALPROCESSINGTHELASERTARGETCONSISTSOFSOMESILICONPHOTOELECTRICUNITSTHATWEREENCODEDWITHDIFFERENTNUMBERSACCORDINGTOCERTAINRULETHERESULTOFTHESHOOTINGWILLBEGOTWHENDETECTINGTHENUMBEROFTHEPHOTOELECTRICUNITTHATRECEIVESTHELASERPULSETHESIGNALPROCESSINGOFTHELASERTARGETSHOOTINGSYSTEMMAINLYCONSISTSOFSIGNALAMPLIFICATION,SIGNALENCODINGANDDATATRANSMISSIONTHEINSPECTEDPHOTOELECTRICSIGNALWASTHENAMPLIFIEDBYOPERATORAMPLIFIERS,CODEDBYMULTIPLEXPRIORITYENCODERACCORDINGTOTHEPREARRANGEDRULE,ANDTHENTRANSFERREDTOCOMPUTERBY89C2051MCUTHROUGHITSSERIALPORTANDTHENCOMPUTERCANPROCESSTHESIGNALTHEPROGRAMOF89C2051MCUISDESIGNEDINKEILANDDEBUGGEDUSINGKEILCOMPILERITISDESIGNEDTOCONTROLTHEDATATRANSMISSIONWITHCOMPUTERTHEDESIGNEDSIGNALPROCESSINGSYSTEMCANDETECTSIGNALEFFECTIVELYTHROUGHTHESERIALDATATRANSMISSION,COMPUTERCANPROCESSTHESHOOTINGRESULT,SUCHASDISPLAY,STATISTICSANDSTORAGEETCITPROVIDEDIRECTANDEXACTSHOOTINGRESULTFORTRAINER,SOITCANINCREASETHEEFFICIENCYOFTHESHOOTINGTRAININGKEYWORDSLASERTARGETSHOOTINGG727SIGNALAMPLIFICATIONG727SIGNALENCODEG727SERIALDATATRANSMISSIONA72A73A75A76A77A78A79A80A81A77A82A83A84A85A86目录G20G3G3G5353G16340G20G21G3G3G8022G17860G21G21G17G20G3G3激光打靶系统G8022G17860G3G3G21G21G17G21G3G3本设计G7053G7708G5617路G3G3G22G21G17G22G3G3研发G7053G2533和G6228G7427关键G3G3G22G21G17G23G3G3主要G6228G7427G6363G7643G3G3G22G22G3G3G5647体设计G23G22G17G20G3G3激光的检测G3G3G23G22G17G21G3G3靶位的G2022G2010G3G3G23G22G17G22G3G3编码G7643G1946G3G3G24G22G17G23G3G3成绩的传送和处理G3G3G24G22G17G24G3G3G1866G1194G16840G7138G3G3G24G23G3G3G11840G1226设计G25G23G17G20G3G3信号放大电路G3G3G25G23G17G21G3G3整形电路G3G3G27G23G17G22G3G3编码电路G3G3G28G23G17G23G3G3串行传送G3G3G20G20G3G3G3G3G23G17G24G3G3电G5191G17728G6454G3G3G20G22G24G3G3G17731G1226设计G20G23G24G17G20G3G3G5647体G7053G7708G3G3G20G23G24G17G21G3G3程G5219G8981程G3G3G20G23G24G17G22G3G3G8181块G16840G7138G3G3G20G23G25G3G3G2058G1328G994G16855G16809G20G27G25G17G20G3G3G11840G1226电路的G5079G13459G994G9950接G3G3G20G27G25G17G21G3G3G16855G16809G3G3G20G277结G16782G21G19G14280G16886G21G20G2454G13783G7003G10498G21G21G19480G5417G21G221引言A87A88A89A90A91A92A93A94A95A91A96A97A98A99A100G11458G2081的射击打靶G16769G13463，G3534本以实G5389G16769G13463G1038主，G3281G19462G5332G6915大，G2373G19517系数G20652。传统的G6265靶G7053G8873是G1166G5049G6265靶，由G6265靶G2604G7693据经G20576确定靶数，G5114G7389G5468大的个G1166主G16278G3252G13044，G2499G19764G5627、G1856G8503G5627G5058，G6940G10587G1314。G3252G8504G7389G5529要研G2058G980种G2011G2524G18108G19443实际的，G3324G19762实G5389射击G7477G1226G991进行射击G12946G5242G16769G13463的打靶G16769G13463器，G17837G7691G7094能G1457G16789G18108G19443G16769G13463G17148G18339G2460能G1955G4581G5389G14659消耗、节约G3281G19462费用，具G7389重大的G3281G19462意义。G3以光代G5389，G2499以G8181拟多种武器的射击情况，并G2499检G20576射击G6940果。G17837种新型的G18108G19443G16769G13463G8181拟器材是G18108G19443G16769G13463器材的G980次革命，是和G5191时期G18108G19443G16769G13463的G7389G6940手段G1055G980。G980些发达G3281家，如美G3281、英G3281、德G3281等都G3324积极进行激光射击G8181拟G16769G13463器材的研G2058，并已G5332发出多种系列产品，G1866中最突出的是美G3281的“米勒斯”系列，它G2499G8181拟G22G25种武器，G5627能好、G1946确而且逼真，大大推动了G18108G19443的G16769G13463G5049G1328。G3八十年代以来，我G3281也G7389G2345位G3324进行激光G8181拟G16769G13463器的研究和探索，将激光射击G8181拟器用于G18108G19443G16769G13463，取得了G5468好的G16769G13463G6940果，提G20652了G18108G19443的战斗力。但G3324G2499G19764G5627和数据处理等G7053面尚G7389许多G6228G7427问题G7389待改进，主要是以G991几点激光光斑太大，G994实际步枪子G5389口径7G17G25G21MM相G5058太多G727探测器数G18339G4581会导G14280设计G12946G5242不G20652G727探测器数G18339多会G1363得价格昂贵，无G8873推广G727只能粗略G6363示命中G994否，不能G1946确显示命中靶环环数和G7053位。G3252G8504，我们拟从G17837些G7053G2533G1328进G980步的研究探索。G3本设计采用半导体激光器和半导体面阵列探测器来G8181拟子G5389射击和射击靶G7643，具G7389G8181拟逼真，G12946G5242G20652等特点。主要从信号处理G18108G2010来设计实现激光打靶系统，每次射击能G12946确的显示G24G20G19环的结果及脱靶情况，每个环数G2460G2499G2010G1038八个偏移G7053G2533。该系统简G2345实用，G7094能G1457G16789G16769G13463的G17148G18339G2460能G1955G4581G5389G14659的消耗，是理想的G1856安、军G19443等G18108门G16769G13463G1363用的G8181拟打靶系统。A87A88A89A90A91A92A93A94A95A91A96A97A98A99A1012概述21激光打靶系统概述激光打靶系统A102A103A104A105A106的G5049G1328原理是采用激光脉冲来G8181拟枪G5389的射击，该系统G980般包括激光发射G18108G2010、激光信号检测G8181块、打靶成绩处理和显示G18108G2010。如图G21G20所示，当射手瞄G1946G4448毕扣动扳机时，半导体激光器会发出激光脉冲，射G2533G11458G7643上的光电探测器，如果击中G11458G7643，则激光脉冲被光电探测器接收并G17728G6454G1038电信号，经电路处理能识别射击的G5389着点，信号经处理编码后传输到计算机。G3A10721A108A109A110A111A112A113A114A115A116半导体激光器4,5G980般G5191行地安装G3324武器装备的枪管、炮管或导G5389发射架上，它G2499以发射G980束G994武器射击G7053G2533G980G14280的激光脉冲。G11458G2081的激光器G980般都采用半导体激光器，G3252G1038G17837种激光器的输出功G10587G1314，不会G1272G4487G11536G11567，而且G6940G10587G20652、功耗G4579，不但G2499以G6682脱大而重的电G9316设备，激光器本G17535也G2499以G2058G1328得G5468G4579、G5468G17743。光电探测器6具G7389射击靶的形G10378，G2499以是点探测器和面探测器，G17902G5132数G18339G17751多，G7512成多个信号检测G17902路。G7693据光电探测器的G2721应位置来判G7041激光射击击中的靶位。激光打靶采用以光代G5389的形式进行射击G16769G13463，是激光武器G8181拟器中最G5132G16277的G980种。最G2033的激光打靶系统只能进行瞄G1946射击G16769G13463，G19555着计算机和G5506处理器G6228G7427的发G4649，G1866用G17896G6205大到G2499进行多种武器的G8181拟G16769G13463。G19555着研究和探索的G9157G1849，激光打靶系统的功能将进G980步G4448G2904，能G3827G7368接G17829于武器装备G3324实际G1363用中的G15932现，G3698强真实G5875。同时，G17902过G994电子G6228G7427相结G2524，进G980步提G20652激光G8181拟的自动G2282、G7246能G2282G8712G5191。G3激光武器G8181拟器G7389以G991几个G7053面的发G4649G17247G2195G3G708G20G709G2499以G8181拟的武器G17246来G17246多，激光武器G8181拟器G8503G7409着系列G2282、组G1226G2282的G7053G2533发G4649，G980个G3534本的激光射击G8181拟器只要G12257G2164改动G4613G2499G17878用于G1866G1194武器系统。系列G2282、组G1226G2282的好处是G1427于G1363用、G7368G6454和G13512G1474，同时价格也G1427G4464。G3G708G21G709从激光射击G8181拟器G2533激光G1144战G8181拟器发G4649，先进的激光G1144战G8181拟器能G1363G3386G1823、战斗G17722G17754、G2465G3386G1823武器等G7389机的结G2524G3324G980G17227进行G16769G13463，每G18108G1865器G7094是G6927击G13785，G2460是被G6927击G13785，G4448G1852G8181G1235实战中的G1328战环G3671，不G1177能提G20652战G3775G1363用武器的G6228能，G17836G2499以G6957会G1194们如G1321G3324战G1117中G1457G6264自G5061。G3A117A118A119A120A121A122A123A120A121A124A125A126A127A128A129A130A131A129A130A132A133A119A130A124A134A135A131A136A137A124A138A139A140A141A142A143A139A144A145A146A117A147G708G22G709采用各种新G6228G7427G3698G2164G8181拟的逼真G5627，G1375如用计算机来G16772G5417、G6523G2058整个G16769G13463G9448G1076的进程，G16792定战G3775G3324G9448G1076中的G15932现等。22本设计方案思路本设计以实现信号的G14403好检测和数据G17728G6454、传输G1038主要G11458的G727以信号检测，信号编码和数据传输G1038主要设计G1881G4493。G3G3324信号检测G7053面设计G2345脉冲G4579信号的放大电路和信号整形电路G727G3324信号编码G7053面，要G16311G1927多路信号的编码问题，G17836要G13783G15397到编码的优先G17885G6333问题G727G3324脱靶问题的处理G7053G8873上，对打靶和信号采集传送进行同步G2282处理G708G16826G16277G12544G1120G12468的G11840G1226设计G18108G2010G709，把脱靶的情况G994中靶的情况G5414G1038G980G12879处理G727数据传输采用G56G36G53G55串口G17902信。23研发方向和技术关键G708G20G709G2524理G2022G2010激光靶的光电探测器，提G20652系统的G12946G5242G727G3G708G21G709G2345脉冲G4579信号的放大和整形G727G3G708G22G709多路优先编码器的G6205G4649G727G3G708G23G709G994G5506机进行数据传输，G7053G1427成绩的统计、G1457G4396、显示和G7609G16822。G324主要技术指标G708G20G709激光脉G4497G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3大于G20MSG3G708G21G709激光脉冲G2721应G5145G5242约G20G19G3MVG3G708G22G709打靶G17329G12175G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G22G19米G3G708G23G709串行输出G5115格式G3G3射击次数G3G711G3所击中的光电探测器的编号G3A136A137A124A138A139A140A141A142A143A139A144A145A146A117A1483总体设计激光打靶系统是G980种集光、电于G980体的系统，G1866G5049G1328原理是激光枪发出的激光束，打到光电传G5875器上，经光电传G5875器将光信号G17728G6454G1038电信号，电信号经过信号处理后由G2345G10267机发送到计算机的串行口，G9994后G3324计算机上G4448成成绩显示、G7609G16822和G1457G4396等功能。G3激光打靶系统结G7512的组成G7706图如图G22G20所示。该系统包括半导体激光枪、G8181块式探测器、数G4395信号处理和发送电路、计算机数据处理程G5219等G3247G18108G2010。A149A150A151A152A153A154A155A128A156A157A158A14931激光的检测A159A160A161A162A163每次打靶，激光枪发出G980个激光脉冲。如果激光脉冲击中光电靶，利用光G10995G1251特G6940应，光电靶上的探测器把光信号G17728G6454成电信号，G3252G8504激光的检测G4613是对探测器G2721应电信号的检测。光电探测器的G2721应是G980个G2345脉冲G4579信号，整个检测过程包括信号放大、G8886形整形，检测输出是G7643G1946的脉冲数G4395信号。32靶位的划分把G980个激光靶G2022G2010G1038G22G27块探测器，中G5527G20G19环G1038G980块探测器G727G28G17G27G177G17G25环G2010别G7389G27块探测器G727G24环G7389G24块探测器。G7693据不同靶位上的探测器来判G7041所击中的位置，包括环数G20G19G17G28G17G27G177G17G25G17G24G727偏G12175G7053G2533上G17G991G17G5050G17G2503G17G5050上G17G5050G991G17G2503上G17G2503G991。G3G14521信号击中G1016块或G3247块探测器的G1144G11040，则只取G1866中G980块G1038G7389G6940，G16772G1038G7389G6940的探测器G9397G17287以G991G7477G1226G3G708G20G709环数G20652G727G3G708G21G709偏G12175G7053G2533G1038G7024G2533G708G1375如上和G2503上G1016G7053G2533，G17885G6333G2503上G709。G3G7693据上G17860要G8726，以及G11840G1226电路设计的G19668要，对不同的探测器进行编码，G16277图G22G21G708G2503G709。G3G3A129A130A132A134A135A131A164A165A166A141A124A125A167A168A124A125A169A170A124A125A171A172A173A174A124A125A175A176A177A178A164A165A124A179A180A181A117A118A119A175A182A136A137A124A138A139A140A141A142A143A139A144A145A146A117A183A149A150A151A184A185A186A187A188A189A173A12333编码标准对G22G27路信号按以上原则编码，编码结果如G15932G22G20。G14521脱靶无信号则G16772G1038G19号。编码后，每G980个号码对应了每G980个探测器的位置信G5699，包括环数和偏移G7053G2533。对信号击中G1016块或G3247块探测器的G1144G11040的情况G15只G19668取码号大的探测器G1038G7389G6940。G17837G7691，打靶的结果G3324G11840G1226电路上的实现G1427G2499由G23G19G25G13459优先编码器G4448成。G3A190A150A151A152A185A186A173A174A191A192A191A192A192A193A193A194A193A194A194A191A152A195A196A150A197A198A196A150A150A150A183A150A184A150A148A150A152A150A147A150A195A150A199A197A196A184A147A184A198A184A199A184A197A184A150A184A183A184A184A184A148A183A196A152A183A184A152A152A148A184A195A152A147A152A198A152A199A152A197A148A196A198A152A150A197A152A184A183A152A152A148A152A195A147A196A150A200A184A147A200A199A152A20034成绩的传送和处理信号经编码后发送到计算机，由计算机进行G16805码，G3324计算机上G8181拟显示出射击位置，对G980组结果进行统计G708包括环数和G7053G2533偏移G709，并进行G1660G4396。35其他说明系统G2010G1038G11840G1226G18108G2010和G17731G1226G18108G2010。本G16782G7003主要设计G2058G1328G11840G1226G18108G2010以及G994G5506机的G17902G16771的G21G19G24G20G2345G10267机程G5219。G5506机G17731G1226G18108G2010，包括数据的处理和显示等G7389G2490G3818G980G2529毕业设计同G4410实现。G3A136A137A124A138A139A140A141A142A143A139A144A145A146A117A1974硬件设计41信号放大电路G3324光电探测系统中，探测器输出的电信号G19762G5132G5506弱，G980般G1038毫G1251级。G1038G16772G5417每G980次打靶的结果，信号放大G994处理电路是打靶系统中不G2499或缺的。G3324探测器上直接进行信号处理十G2010困难，G980种G5132用的G16311G1927办G8873是G3324探测器后接G2081置放大器，用来放大探测器的输出信号，G9994后成功地传输到信号处理系统的G7389关电路G18108G2010。G2081置放大器的设计要G8726是G1314噪声，G20652G3698益，G1314输出阻抗，大的动态范围，和G17751好的抗噪声能力。G3G3324激光打靶系统中，对光电池产G10995的脉冲信号的具体大G4579值要G8726不G20652，只G19668检测出G7389G6940的脉冲信号，G3252G8504G2499G17885用集成运放来组成运算放大电路。G3G17902过测G16809，得到光电探测器对的激光脉冲的G2721应G5145G5242典型值约G1038G24MV，G14521激光击中G3324G1016块或多块探测器边G11040处，则任G1321G980块光电探测器的G2721应G5145G5242会G1955G4581，G3252G8504所检测的脉冲G5145G5242范围大约是G22G24MV。G1038G1363每块光电探测器均能检测出信号，G1363G1055达到TTL电G5191要G8726，实现信号检测，G5529须对信号放大约G20G19G19G19倍。G2345级运放难以达到G17837么G20652的放大倍数，G3252G8504采用G1120级运放进行放大，G12544G980级G1038G2081置放大器。G1038G1955G4581G2081级放大器的偏移对后级放大器的影G2721，设计G1866放大倍数1001AG727从而次级放大器的放大倍数102AA201411集成运算放大器（LM324）集成运算放大器是实现G20652G3698益放大功能的G980种集成器G1226A202A203A204，早期主要用来实现对G8181拟G18339进行数G4410运算的功能，G11458G2081G19555着器G1226G5627能的改进，它已成G1038G17902用的G3698益器G1226，应用范围G19762G5132广泛。G3从电特G5627来看，集成运放接G17829理想的电压放大器G1226，它不G1177G7389G5468大的输G1849电阻和G5468G4579的输出电阻，而且G17836G7389G5468G20652的电压G3698益，G8504G3818，静态G5049G1328时，它的输G1849和输出电位均G1038零，G17837G7691，G3324G994G1866它集成运放连接时，G4613不G19668要G13783G15397它们G1055G19400的电G5191配置问题。G3LMG22G21G23G3是G3247G17902道的G1314功耗运算放大器，它的G1881G18108包含G3247组形式G4448G1852相同的运算放大器，除电G9316共用G3818，G3247组运放相互独立，G1866G5627能G2454数G7389以G991几个G7053面G3G708G20G709G2345电G9316G5049G1328G7053式，G5049G1328电G5191G22VG3G22G19VG3G708G21G709G1314消耗电G8981约G19G17G27G3MAG3G708G22G709G1314输G1849偏移输G1849电压偏移G22G3MVG708TYPG709G727输G1849电G8981偏移G21G3NAG708TYPG709G3G708G23G709G5332环G3698益G20G19G19V/MVG3G3G20G19G19G3DBG708TYPG709G3G708G24G709G4497G2721应频G5114G3A205A206A207A208A209A210A211A212A213A209A214A215A216A217A218A219A220A221A222LM324A223A224A225A226412放大电路图A219A220A221A227A228A229A230A211A231A207A232A219放大器电路如图G23G21所示。它由G1016级结G7512相同的同相放大器组成，集成放大器G17885用LM324G708图G23G20G709。信号经隔直G8981电G4493C1从G12544G980级放大器的G8503端“G711”输G1849，经过放大后输出，再经过级G19400耦G2524电G4493C2输G1849G12544G1120级放大器的G8503端。G2081级的放大倍数100121RRA，后级的放大倍数10562RRA，3R和7RG1038输G1849匹配电阻。G3413电路原理G708G20G709同相放大器A233A234A235A236G708图G23G22G709G3集成运放是G980种十G2010理想的G3698益器G1226，G5627能好，G1363用G7053G1427。该电路采用G21级放大器级联，每级的放大器均采用同相放大。G3由集成运放G7512成的同相放大器，G1866特点是输G1849信号G2164G3324同相输G1849端，而G2465馈信号G2164G3324G2465相端。G7693据理想G2282G7477G1226，由于SVV，G3252而SVV。G7693据0IG708虚G7041G709，VG2460是0VG33241R上的G2010压值，即G3A205A206A207A208A209A210A211A212A213A209A214A215A216A217A222A237FORRRVV11A238A220A221A222A239A240A241A242A230A211A231A243A244A245A2461111RRRRRVVAFFSOVFA238A220A221A227A2390VFAQA247A248A249OVA250SVA251A252A253A254A255A92A76A251A252A137A0A1G708G21G709G3818围电路G3光电传G5875器对G3818G18108光G13459也G7389G2721应，G3252G8504G5529须滤除G17837种干扰。由于背景光G13459是持续信号，G1866G2721应主要是直G8981G18339，G3324G12544G980级放大器输G1849端的G2081面设计接G1849G980个G20UF电G4493CG20G17227到隔G12175直G8981G1328用，能G17227到G5468好的G6940果。G12544G1120级的G20UF电G4493CG21用于G1016级放大器的耦G2524。G3G12544G980级放大器输G1849端和地G1055G19400接G53G22G727G12544G1120级放大器输G1849端和地G1055G19400接G537。G1363得G3657213/RRRRRRA129A255A92A76A2G17837G7691，运放的G8503、负输G1849端对地的等G6940电阻相等，从而降G1314运放的电压偏移。G3414电路参数G708G20G709G3输G1849脉冲G5145G5242G3G3G3MVUI53G3G708G21G709G3输G1849电阻G3G3G3G3G3G3G3KRI10G3G708G22G709G3输出电阻G3G3G3G3G3G3G3KRO1G3G708G23G709G3放大倍数G3G3G3G3G3G3G310001001021AAAG3G708G24G709G3放大器级数G3G3G3G3G3G1016级，G2081级1001AG727后级102AG3G708G25G709G3耦G2524G7053G8873G3G3G3G3G3G3G3电G4493耦G2524G342整形电路A3A4A4A5光电池的输出脉冲并不是规则的矩形脉冲信号，而是G12879似升余弦信号。再经放大后也会产G10995失真，G3252G8504G5529须对信号进行整形。采用G5132用的CD4093G3施密特触发器G1427G2499实现整形功能，改G2904脉冲G8886形，确G1457后续编码器的G8503G5132编码。G3施密特触发器不G1177G2499以进行G8886形整形，它的迟滞特G5627G17836G2499以G7389G6940地G1823服噪声A6A7A8A9A10A11A12A13A14A10A15A16A17A18A74A74和干扰的影G2721，只要噪声和干扰的大G4579处G3324迟滞G4497G5242G1881，G4613不会G7389错误的输出。施密特触发器属于电G5191触发，对于缓慢变G2282的信号仍G9994G17878用，当输G1849信号达到阈值电压时，电路G10378态发G10995G17728G6454，G17902过电路G1881G18108的G8503G2465馈过程G1363得输出电压的G8886形的边沿变得G5468陡峭。利用施密特触发器G2499以实现G7389G6940脉冲的识别G16277图G23G24。G3A78A77A19A77A139A20A21A22A23A24A25A8A26A27A28A21A29A147A148A149A30A31A28A32A151A147A152A149A153A31A28A32G3A78A77A19A90A69A33A139A20A21A22A23A24A34A35A36A37A38A39A25A40A4143编码电路A42A43A43A44对于G22G27路信号G17902道，G5529须对G1866进行编码以G1427于信号识别和传输。G22G27路信号按照设计G7053G7708编码G1038G20G22G27号，脱靶无信号G16772G1038G19号。对多个探测器同时接收到信号的情况，对应于探测器的码号G4613是取码号大的探测器G1038G7389G6940，采用优先编码器G1427G2499实现编码的优先G17885G6333。G3商用的G2345个优先编码器的编码输G1849最多只G7389G27路，要G7512成G7368多路的优先编码器，G2499以采用G25G10267G27G22优先编码器进行G6205G4649G1038G23G19G25优先编码器。G3431编码电路图A6A7A8A9A10A11A12A13A14A10A15A16A17A18A74A45A78A77A19A91A77A46A19A91A103A47A48A49A24A8A50A78432电路原理G708G20G709优先编码器G7087G23HCG20G23G27G709G3G27G22G13459优先编码器的功能G15932如图G227。待编码的G27G7477输G1849G13459G307II采用G27中取G20码，逻辑G19G7389G6940，编码后的输出012AAAG3用G2465码G15932示。G2499以看出，编码器是以输G1849G1038G19的最G20652优先编码的，而G1314位G14521同时输G1849G19，则是无意义的。G8504G3818，电路G17836设G7389G17885G17902输G1849，即G1363能端EI，它也是逻辑G19G7389G6940G727输出G17836设G7389允许输出端EO及允许G6205G4649端GS，利用它们G2499判G7041出012AAA是否G7389G6940，以及是否允许G6205G4649编码。G3G7693据真值G15932，写出编码器的逻辑G15932达式如G991G345675676772IIIIEIIIIEIIIEIIEIA4567567677IIIIIIIIIIEI4567IIIIEI43故45672IIIIEIA44同理245345671IIIIIIIIEIA451246346670IIIIIIIIIIEIA46而允许输出G1038EO012345670IIIIIIIIEIE47允许G6205G4649端是EOEIIIIIIIIIEIEIGS0123456748A51A52A53A54A55A56A57A58A59A55A60A61A62A63A64A65A664A67783A68A70A71A72A73A75A79A80A81A8274HC148A83G708G21G709G27G22G13459优先编码器G6205G4649G1038G23G19G25G13459优先编码器G708图46G7095G1026774HC148并排用G1328输G1849，G1866输G1849从G1314位G10267到G20652位G10267排列G10380I39I。每G980个G20652位G10267的输出允许端EO接G1866相对G1314位G10267的G1363能端EI。G17837G7691，当G5647G1363能EI0时，允许电路进行编码G5049G1328，G14521G20652位G10267的诸输G1849中G7389G980个G10380时，该G10267的EO1，GS0，G17837G7691G4613禁止了G1314位G10267的编码，以G8504G12879推，5G1026774HC148的输G1849端编码G1427具G7389了优先G5627。5G1026774HC148的允许G6205G4649端GS按G1314位G10267至G20652位G10267的顺G5219G2010别接到G12544六G1026774HC148的0I、1I、2I、3I、4I输G1849端，而5I、6I、7I端则接G20652电G5191G708G15932示无输G1849G709。G17837G7691G12544六G1026774HC148的三位输出G1427G15932示整个406G13459优先编码器的G20652三位5A、4A、3A。而406G13459优先编码器的G1314三位输出2A、1A、0AG994G20815G1026774HC148的输出端G980G14280。由于74HC148的输出端不是三态门，不能直接连接G3324G980G17227。而把5G1026774HC148的同G2529输出端接到74LS30G7088输G1849的G994G19762门G709取G994G19762G1427G2499以G16311G1927G17837个问题。同时输出取G2465，输出G1038逻辑1G7389G6940。G1038G1363G20652三位输出G994G1314三位输出G980G14280，用CD4049G2465相器对G20652三位取G2465。406G13459优先编码器的六个输出均G1038逻辑1G7389G6940，G2499以接到后续的2051G2345G10267机进行串行传输。44串行传送G1038实现将编码器输出的6位并行信号串行传送，同时实现数据发送和打靶射击的同步G5627。采用89C2051G2345G10267机G1427G2499实现要G8726。441单片机及外围电路图A51A52A53A54A55A56A57A58A59A55A60A61A62A63A64A84A66A84A67A85A86A87A88A64A89A93A94A95A96A97A98A53A99A66442电路原理G708G20G709编码器的输出G17902过G21G19G24G20G3PG20口的G1314G25位G708G20652G21位接地G1038逻辑G19G709输G1849。G3G708G21G709G17885用G20G20G17G19G24G28G21G3MHZ的晶振G7512成G2345G10267机的时钟，G17837G7691G3324串口G5049G1328G7053式G20G991G2499得到G1946确的G28G25G19G19BPS的串行G8886特G10587，G7053G1427计算机的接收。G3G708G22G709G2345G10267机接G7389复位G5332关按钮。G3G708G23G709实现打靶和信号采集传送的同步G2282。G3由于采用G2345G10267机的G3818G18108中G7041G19G7080INTG709G1328G1038数据串行传送的G1363能端，且0INT设G1038G991降的跳变沿G7389G6940。G1363能G5332关G708激光枪的G5332关G709G980端接地，G2490G980端接0INT，G2460经上拉电阻接到电G9316，G17837G7691当G5332关按G991时，G1427G7389G991降沿的跳变信号输G18490INT，产G10995中G7041。G3同时，G5332关G2