[毕业设计精品]设计一台专用铣床液压系统

A1A0A2A3A4A5A7A8A6A10A11A91目录1、设计题目12、工况分析1A12A13A14A15A16A17A18A15A16A17A182A12A13A12A19A20A17A18A19A20A17A1823、确定液压缸参数3A21A13A14A22A23A24A25A26A27A28A29A25A30A22A23A24A25A27A28A29A253A21A13A12A31A32A24A25A26A33A34A31A32A24A25A33A343A21A13A21A24A25A26A28A29A35A36A37A38A39A40A27A25A30A24A25A26A28A35A36A37A38A39A40A27A25A41A42A43A44A45A46A47A48A49A48A494A21A13A50A51A52A24A25A26A28A53A54A51A52A24A25A26A2844、拟定液压系统图6A50A13A14A23A55A24A25A56A57A24A256A58A59A60A59A60A61A62A63A646A58A59A60A59A65A66A67A63A64A68A69A70A63A646A58A59A60A59A71A72A62A73A74A63A646A58A59A60A59A58A75A76A77A78A63A647A50A13A12A24A25A79A80A81A82A79A80A81A8285、选择液压元件8A83A13A14A23A55A24A25A84A44A85A20A86A87A24A258A83A13A12A23A55A88A52A89A90A88A529A83A13A21A23A91A92A93A89A90A92A93106、液压系统性能验算10A94A13A14A56A57A37A25A30A95A96A95A9610A97A59A60A59A60A98A99A100A75A76A101A10210A97A59A60A59A65A72A103A100A75A76A101A10211A94A13A12A31A32A24A25A84A28A29A25A30A31A32A24A25A84A28A29A2512A94A13A21A24A25A79A80A27A104A46A24A25A79A8013A94A13A50A24A25A79A80A27A105A106A107A108A109A48A27A105A106A107A10813参考文献14附录A110A110A24A25A79A80A54A24A25A79A80A24A25A111A110A110A24A25A112A26A54A24A25A24A111A1A0A2A3A4A5A7A8A6A101A4A5A113A1121设计题目11设计题目设计一台专用铣床，铣头驱动电机的功率为68千瓦，铣刀直径为120MM，转速350转/分，如工作台质量为450公斤，工件和夹具的质量为150公斤，工作台的行程为400MM，工进行程为100MM，快进快退速度为45米/分，工进速度为601000毫米/分，其往复运动的加速（减速）时间为005秒，工作台用平导轨静摩擦系数02SF，动摩擦系数01DF，试设计该机床的液压系统。2工况分析21负载分析根据给定条件，先计算工作台运动中惯性力MF，工作台与导轨的动摩擦阻力FDF和静摩擦阻力FSF60000075917981005GMFVFGT（N）211201450015006000FDDGGFFFFN221202450015001200FSSGGFFFFN23其中，11450104500GFMGN22150101500GFMGN12450015006000GGGFFFN由铣头的驱动电机功率可以求得铣削最大负载阻力TFTPFV其中35031401221986060NDMVSPI所以，68002282298TPFV24同时考虑到液压缸密封装置的摩擦阻力（取液压缸的机械效率09M），工作台的液压缸G3324G2520工G1929G19466G8585的负载G1552G2027G1122G1593221中，负载G5502G10627G3282如G328221所G12046。A114A115A116A117A118A119A120A121A122A1232A124A125A126A1273A128A129A130A131A132A133A134A135A136A137工G1929负载计算公G5347液压缸负载G41N液压缸G6524力0F（N）G17227动FSFF12001333加速FDMFFF15171686快进FDFF600667工进FDTFFF36944104G2465G2533G17227动FSFF12001333G2465G2533加速FDMFFF15171686快退FDFF600667A138A129A130A131A135A136A139A140A13822运动分析根据给定条件，快进G451快退速度为0075M/G86，其行程分G2047为300MM和400MM，工进速度为601000M/S（G2375000100167M/S），工进行程100MM，G13484G1998速度G5502G10627G3282如G328222所G12046。A114A115A116A117A118A119A120A121A122A1233A141A142A143A144A145A146A1474A138A129A130A129A148A149A139A140A1383确定液压缸的参数31初选液压缸的工作压力根据液压缸G6524力为4014N（G1593221）G15G6365G15932112（G1082）的G6524G14628G1552，G2033G17885工作压力为51010G51G6832确定液压缸尺寸由G1122铣床工作台快进和快退速度G11468同，G3252G8504G17885用G2345G7450G8975G3634G5347液压缸，G5194G1363122AAG15快进时G18331用G5058动G17842G6521，G3252G12661G17347中G7389压力G6451G3845，快进时G3250G8845G17347压力G6451G3845取5510PG51G68，快退时G3250G8845G17347压力G6451G3845G1146取5510PG51G68。工进时，为G1363运动平G12295，G3324液压缸G3250G17347G8845G17347G990G20047加G13984压G19412，G13984压力G1552一G14336为551010G51G68G15G17885取G13984压52610PG51G68。根据11220PAPAFG15可求G1998液压缸大G14120G19766G122271A为201512410400058051005610FAMPP31144000580086314ADMPI32根据G42G37234880G3290G6984G6116G4613G17829的G7643G1946G1552，得G39G3290MM，液压缸G8975G3634G7450直径A150A151A152A153A154A155A156A157A158A1593A160A161A162A163A164A165A166563652DDMM，根据G42G37234880G4613G17829G3290G6984G6116G7643G1946G1552G71G3263MM，G1122G7171液压缸G4466G19481G7389效工作G19766G12227为2221009000644ADMPIPI332222220090063000344ADDMPIPI3433液压缸工作循环中各阶段的压力、流量和功率的计算值（G16277G1593231）A167A168A169A170A171A172A173A174A163A175A176A177A178A179A180A181A174A155A182A183工G19290FN液压缸5210PG51G685110PG51G683MQSNG58快进（G5058动）G17227动13330940225162加速16865106G5670速667572工进4104698400060159984快退G17227动1333002252745加速16865156减速667512234绘制液压缸工况图根据G15932103计算G13479G7536，分G2047G13484G2058G51G47G451G52G47和NG47G3282，如G328231所G12046A150A151A152A153A154A155A156A157A158A1593A160A161A162A163A164A165A1666A184A169A185A186A187A169A185A186A188A169A185A186A186A168A169A170A169A185A176A187A169A185A179A188A169A185A186A150A151A152A153A154A155A156A157A158A1594A189A161A162A163A190A191A18674拟定液压系统图41选择液压回路411调速回路由工G1929G328231可G11705，该铣床液压系统功率G4579，G3252G8504G17885用G14422G8981G16855速G7053G5347，G9381台运动速度G1314，工作负载为阻力负载G1000工作中G2476G2282G4579，G6937可G17885用进G2487G14422G8981G16855速G3250G17347。为G19462G8502G4392G19087G17902时负载G12373G9994G9052G3845G5353G17227运动G18108件G2081G1926，G3324G3250G8845G17347G990加G13984压G19412。由G1122系统G17885用G14422G8981G16855速G7053G5347，系统G5529G9994为G5332G5347G5502G10627系统。考虑到铣削加工中G7389G20046铣和G17882铣G1016G12193工G1929，G4464G18331用G16855速G19412G7481G1457G16789速度G12295定，G5194G4570G16855速G19412装G3324液压缸G3250G8845G17347G990G17227阻力作用，G1363工作台G1314速运动时G8616G17751平G12295，如G328241G68和41（G36）所G12046G15由G1122G7424系统G9381台由快进转为工进时，速度G2476G2282G993大，为减少速度换G6521时的液压G1926击，从G14422约G6116G7424考虑，G17885用如G328241G68所G12046的G16855速G3250G17347。AAA192A193A194A195A196A197A198A199412换向回路和卸荷回路铣床工作台G18331用G2345G8975G3634G7450液压缸驱动。由工G1929G3282可G11705，系统压力和G8981量都G993大，同时考虑工作台工作一个G5502G10627后装夹具时间G8616G17751长，为G7053便工作台的手动，G17885用三位四G17902U型电磁换G2533G19412，G5194由电气行程G5332关配合G4466现自动换G2533，如G328242B所G12046413快速运动回路为G4466现工作台快速进给，G17885用二位三G17902电磁换G2533G19412构G6116液压缸的G5058动G17842G6521。这G12193G5058动G17842G6521的快速运动G3250G17347，G13479构简G2345，也G8616G17751经济，如G328242G68所G12046。G3324G328242G68B中G13479构复杂G993利G1122控G2058，所以G17885择42G68所G12046的G3250G17347，一G17227同42B组G6116的快速G451换G2533G3250G17347，同样可以G4466现G5058动G17842G6521。同时验算G3250G17347的压力G6451G3845G8616G17751简便，所以G993G17885用G328242G68B所G12046的G3250G17347。A200A201A202A203A204A205A206A207A208A2094A210A211A212A213A214A215A1928A216A217A218A216A219A218A216A217A194A219A218A192A193A194A220A221A197A222A223A224A198A199414压力控制回路由G1122液压系统G8981量很G4579，铣床工作台工作进给时，G18331用G3250G8845G17347G14422G8981G16855速，G6937G17885用定量泵供G8845G8616G17751G451经济，如G328241G68所G12046G16855压G3250G17347G18331用先导G5347溢G8981G19412维持液压泵G1998G2487压力G5670定。当换装工件时，工作台停G8502运动，液压泵卸荷G3250G17347G18331用G4579型二位三G17902电磁G19412控G2058先导型溢G8981G19412，G4466现液压泵的卸荷。而从提高系统效率G451G14422省能量角度G7481看，G17885用双联叶片泵G8845源显G9994G7171G993合理的，如G328243B所G12046，其G13479构复杂，控G2058也复杂，所以G993适G4464G17885用G8504G7053案。ABA19243A213A225A226A227A198A199A200A201A202A203A204A205A206A207A208A2095A228A229A212A213A230A231942液压系统合成根据以G990G17885择的液压基G7424G3250G17347，合G6116为G328242所G12046的定量泵G3250G8845G17347G14422G8981G16855速液压系统G3282。A192A193A194A220A212A213A214A215A232A2335选择液压元件51选择液压泵和驱动电机取液压系统的泄漏系数KG3211则液压泵的最大G8981量333MAX11022510024810/BIQKQMS，G2375BQG321488G47/MIN。根据拟定的液压系统G7171G18331用G3250G8845G17347G14422G8981G16855速，进G8845G17347压力G6451G3845G17885取5510PPA，G6937液压泵工作压力为A234A235A236A237A238A239A240A241A242A2435A244A245A246A247A248A24910551984510148410BPPPPA。51考虑到系统动态压力G3252素的影响，液压泵的额定工作压力为55148412510188510BPPA52根据BQG451BP和已G17885定的G2345G2533定量泵型G5347，查手册G1082（二）G17885用116YB型定量叶片泵。该泵额定排量为16MG47/RG15额定转速960R/MIN，其额定G8981量为33025610/MS，由工G1929G3282G11705，最大功率G3324快退G19466G8585，如G7536取液压泵的效率为为075，驱动液压泵最大输入功率BN为531156510025610703075BBBPQN（G58）53查电工手册G17885取750G58的电动机。52选择控制元件根据系统最大工作压力和G17902过控G2058元件的最大G8981量，G17885用G2520类G19412的规格G16277G1593251A250A251A252A253A254A255A6A0A1A2A3A4A5序号控G2058元件名称型号规格技术数据510PPA3/QMSG4466G19481G8981量3/QMS额定G8981量时压力G6451G3845510PPA1溢G8981G19412Y125G37MAX363041710PQ3025610卸荷压力1152三位四G17902电磁换G2533G1941234G3925G37MAX363041710PQ302561023G2345G2533G16855速G19412G52125G37MAX33MIN630417100810PQQ3025610G2465G2533时2最G4579压G505854二位三G17902电磁换G2533G1941223G3925G37MAX363041710PQ302561015G2345G2533G19412125G37MAX363041710PQ15A15A7A8A9A10A11A21A22A12A246A25A13A14A16A17A18A19A201153选用辅助元件滤G8845器液压泵吸G8845G2487需装粗滤G8845器，G17885用XU16100J线隙G5347100M进G2487滤G8845器，G8981量G52G3216L/MING3202673310/MSG8845箱容量由下G5347计算G7389效容G12227V，取系数KG326，G52G3212G47/MING15则G738933612727210VKQLM54根据G1082（二）G7643G1946，可取G8845箱的容G12227VG3275G47，G8845箱G16277附G32821，G12661道尺寸由G17885定的G7643G1946元件G17842G6521G2487尺寸确定。6液压系统性能验算61回路中压力损失G3250G17347压力G6451G3845计算应G3324G12661道布置G3282完G6116后进行，G5529G20047G11705道G12661道的长度和直径。G12661道直径G6365G17885定元件的G6521G2487尺寸确定，G2375G71G3212MMG15长度G3324G12661道布置G3282未完G6116G2081暂G6365进G8845G12661G451G3250G8845G12661均为G47G32G322M估算。G8845液运动粘度取421510/MS，G3324G8504设计中主要验算工进和快退工G1929时的压力G6451G3845。611工进时压力损失进G8845G12661G17347压力G6451G3845首先判G2047进G8845G12661液G8981G10378态，由G1122G19659G16846数334440110707200012101510EVDQRDPIPI61G6937为G4630G8981。G12661G17347G8851G4630压力G6451G38454316441654343151001102101210062210LQLPDPA62取G12661道G4628G18108G6451G38455010062210LPPPAG8845液G8981经G2345G2533G19412和三位四G17902换G2533G19412的压力G6451G3845G6365下G19766公G5347计算，G7389关数据G16277G15932512225502560256151021004170417VVVNVNQPPQ513210（G51G68）63工进时进G8845G17347G5647压力G6451G3845A23A26A27A28A29A30A31A32A33A346A35A36A37A38A39A40A41A42125210LVPPPPG51G6864工进时G3250G8845G17347压力G6451G3845G3252G3250G8845G12661G17347G8981量2Q为33312011000510/22QQMS65液G8981G10378态经判G7041为G4630G8981（7072000ER，G1122G7171G8851程压力G6451G384543164416543431510005102101210029710LQLPDPA66G4628G18108压力G6451G38455010029710LPPPA67G3250G8845G17347中G8845液G8981经二位三G17902换G2533G19412G451G16855速G19412和三位四G17902换G2533G19412时的压力G6451G3845计算G7053G8873同G990，G23752225550128012811051021004170417VVVNVNQPPQ68G32552810PA工进时G3250G8845G17347G5647压力G6451G3845“55610LVPPPPPA69G4570G3250G8845G17347中压力G6451G3845G6252算到进G8845G17347G990，G4613可求G1998工进时G3250G17347中G6984个压力G6451G3845“555210003210561048100006APPPPAA610612快退时压力损失快退时进G8845G17347和G3250G8845G17347中经G7828查都G7171G4630G8981，进G8845G17347压力G6451G3845为431644165543431510022510210121014100101410LQLPDPAPPPA611进G8845G17347中G8845液G8981经G2345G2533G19412G451三位四G17902换G2533G19412G451G2345G2533G16855速G19412（G2465G2533时）以G2462二位三G17902换G2533G19412时压力G6451G3845计算G7053G8873同G20812225502560256151021004170417VVVNVNQPPQA43A44A45A46A47A48A49A50A51A526A53A54A55A56A57A58A59A6013255025611017100417PA612快退时进G8845G17347G5647压力G6451G3845532410LVPPPPPA613快退时G3250G8845G17347中压力G6451G3845由G1122122QQG15则G738943164443431510202251021012LQLPD165102810PA61452255010281020256210246100417VVVNVNPPPAQPPPAQG3250G8845G17347G5647压力G6451G3845“555410LVPPPPPA615G4570G3250G8845G17347中的压力G6451G3845G6252算到进G8845G17347G990G2447，可得到快G6524时G3250G8845G17347中的G6984个压力G6451G3845“55521000332410554106100006APPPPAA616这个数G1552G8616G2419G7481估计的数G1552大，G3252G8504系统中元件规格和G12661道直径G993G4464G1889减G4579。62确定液压泵工作压力工进时，负载压力251410464125/6411064LFPNCMPAA617液压泵工作压力5564481011210GJLPPPPA618快退时，负载压力2526672084/2081032LFPNCMPAA619液压泵的工作压力5520861080810KTLPPPPA620A61A62A63A64A65A66A67A68A69A706A71A72A73A74A75A76A77A7814根据GJP，则溢G8981G19412G16855G6984压力取51210PA。63液压系统的效率由G1122G3324G6984个工作G5502G10627中，工进G2356用时间最长，G3252G8504，系统的效率可以用工进时的G5785G1929G7481计算。工进速度为000100167/MS，则液压缸的输G1998功率为4104000141044104001676854CCNFVWNFVW621液压泵的输G1998功率531210025610307BNPQW622工进时液压G3250G17347效率410468540014023307307CCBNN623液压系统效率BYCG15取液压泵效率075B，液压缸效率取088Y，G1122G71710750