[电子设计精品] 点光源跟踪系统(lm3s1138_tps61087_光敏三极管_步进电机_激光笔_点光源跟踪)

1摘要本设计以TI的LM3S1138处理器为核心设计并制作一个能够检测并指示点光源位置的光源跟踪系统，当LED光源在圆弧或直线上运动时，检测模块检测信号后经过放大滤波送入LM3S1138进行处理，用电机驱动模块控制检测模块在水平和竖直方向上的旋转使激光笔指示光源位置，即实现点光源跟踪。系统主要由四个模块构成LED驱动模块、检测及其转换模块、LM3S1138处理模块和电机控制模块。其中用TPS61087驱动LED,光敏三极管检测光照强度，由两个步进电机分别控制激光笔水平和竖直方向上的旋转。关键字LM3S1138TPS61087光敏三极管步进电机激光笔点光源跟踪一系统方案根据题目的要求，设计任G2165G7171G17902过使用光敏器G1226检测光照强度G7481G2040G7041光源的位置并用激光笔指示光源的位置。为G1114G4448成上G17860G2163能，G4570G6984个系统设计为两个模块，点光源模块和指示光源模块。G6984个系统的G5647G1319G7706G3282G3926G328211G6164示G328211系统G5647G1319G7706G328211LED驱动模块方案选择与论证方G7708一G18331用LM317G1582LED驱动模块。LM317G7171三G12483G2499G16855G8503G12295G2399器G19610成电G17347，G4439的G17767G1998电G2399G14551G3272G717112VG1427937V，G17139G17745电G8981G7380大为15A。由LM317构成的驱动电G17347G12628G2345，G1306G2163G13803G17751大，G13792G1000要G8892G5859G6967G9921G19394题。方G7708G1120G18331用TPS61087G1582LED驱动模块。TPS61087G7171G1867G7389强制PWM模G5347的650KHZ/12MHZG2331G2399DCDC转换器，G17767入电G2399G14551G3272为256V，G17767G1998电G2399G2499G20652G17810185V。G18331用TPS61087的驱动电G17347的G17767G1998电G8981G2499G17810500MA以上，G17287够用G7481驱动150G794350MAG14551G3272的G11345光LED。G3252G8504本设计G18331用方G7708G1120。12光敏传感器的选择与论证LEDA1A0A3A2A5A4A6A7A8A10A9A3A2A12A11A3A2A14A13A3A2LM3S1138A16A15A3A2A18A17A19A20A22A21A3A2A24A23A22A212方G7708一G18331用光敏电G19471检测光照强度。G4439在强光照G4568G991光电转换线G5627G17751G5058，G20069G10587G2721G5224G5468G1314。方G7708G1120G18331用光敏G1120极管检测光照强度。当G2465向电G8981G3698大时，G1306G4493G7143G2475G9213度G2476G2282的G5445G2721。方G7708三G18331用光敏三极管检测光照强度。光敏三极管G17836G7389电G8981放大作用，G4439的G19610电极电G8981G993G2494G7171G2475G3534极电G17347和电G8981控制，G2528时G1075G2475光G17764G4568的控制。光敏G1120极管和光敏三极管G7171光电转换G2334G4560G1319器G1226，G994光敏电G19471器G11468G8616G1867G7389G9801敏度G20652、G20652G20069G5627能G3921，G2499G19764G5627G3921、G1319G12227G4579、使用方G1427G12573G1260点。G13792光敏三极管G994光敏G1120极管G11468G8616，G1867G7389G5468大的光电G8981放大作用，即G5468G20652的G9801敏度。G3252G8504本设计G18331用方G7708三。13光源检测模块布局方案选择与论证方G7708一G18331用G1855个光敏三极管G6365照G14789G5430分G5079。G16825方G7708G19668G8616G17751的G6980据G17751G3822，G16835G5058G5468大。方G7708G1120G4570G1855个光敏三极管G6365照G11709G5430分G5079。G16825G5079G4628G8616G17751G6980据G18339G11468G4557G17751G4581，G1306由G1122G2494G7389两G6502G1000G8821G7389光敏三极管G994激光笔在G2528一水平线上，G3252G8504上G991G16855G14422时G16835G5058G5468大，G19602以G5506G16855。方G7708三G4570G1857个光敏三极管G6365照G2325字G5430G6502列。G16825方G7708实现在水平方向上粗G16855和G5506G16855，G1000G6980据G8616G17751G7171G17902过软G1226实现，更G9801活G1000精度G20652。G3252G8504本设计G18331用方G7708三。14电机驱动模块方案选择与论证方G7708一G18331用直G8981电机控制激光笔旋转。直G8981电机控制方法G12628G2345，G1306G993G7143G2475G2345片机控制，旋转角度无法用程序G7389效控制，G4557G1122固定角度旋转G8616G17751困G19602。方G7708G1120G18331用步进电机控制激光笔旋转。步进电机G2494G7389周期G5627的G16835G5058G13792无累G12227G16835G5058G12573特点，使得在速度、位置G12573控制领域用步进电机G7481控制G2476得非常的G12628G2345。G3252G8504用步进电机驱动G2499使光源定位精确、G12295定、G2499G19764，故G16825设计G18331用方G7708G1120。二理论分析与计算21检测信号的滤波及放大参数计算由G1122光敏三级管的G4568极电G8981为A级，故在G4439的G4568极串联一个10K的电G19471，G3926G328233G6164示。G16825电G17347中G7389两级滤波，第一级为C和R2，第G1120级为R4和C3，用G7481滤除电G17347的纹波。另外C和R2G17836G994R1一起决定电G2399G3698益的值，在G17767G1998和电源之间G17836接G7389IN4148，用G7481保护电G17347，防止进入LM3S1138的管脚电G2399过大。TLC085的G3698益为11RZAA26A25A28122JWCRRZ3G16825设计中G19668要放大10倍，即A10。取R2为50K，则R1的值约为5K，G6164以这里取R1为51K。根据滤波G20069G10587公G5347CRFPI21G1627为满G17287第G1120级滤波G20069G10587为1KHZ，取R4为68K，则G2499算得电G4493C323417F，G6164以取C3为22F。22LED驱动回路电阻的选取G3926G328232G6164示，1WG11345光LEDG994一12的电G19471串联，再G994电G19471R1、R3，电位器R2并联。LED的管G2399降为33V，G8981过LED的电G8981G14551G3272为150MA350MA，电位器R2的G2499G2476接点接G14279TPS61087的G2465馈G17767入脚FB，G1000VVFB241G6164以G7389电G2399IVU1233故电G2399G14551G3272为51V75V由G3282G2499得241573321RRRR；2411532321RRRRR由G5347得1557332RRR取R2为20K，则G7389KRR542152223A27KR561941G6164以取R1G19471值为200K，R3G19471值为47K。23步进电机的步距角的计算本设计中G18331用的G7171两个G2528种型号的四G11468步进电机，分别控制检测模块在水平方向和竖直方向上的旋转。由G1122步进电机G5224用G1122G1314速场合，G19668要加上减速装置G7481细分步G6980以提G20652定位精度并减G4581噪声。电机的位置和速度由G4560电次G6980（脉冲G6980）和G20069G10587成一一G4557G5224关系，G3252G8504要想控制旋转的位置和速度必须先算G1998步进电机的步距角。步距角的算法G3926G991先测G1998圆G5430底盘的周长，为261CM取一段弧长并测G1998G16825弧长为51CM，则G16825弧长G4557G5224的角度为根据12615360G2499得7034G17902过编程测到跑G4448G16825弧长G6164G19668的步G6980为400根据公G5347得到步距为417604003470三电路与程序设计31辅助电源模块设计用G12295G2399器AMS111750和AMS111733提供固定G17767G1998电G239950V和33V作为辅助电源，电G17347G3926G328231G6164示图31辅助电源模块32LED驱动模块电路设计G16825模块G18331用TPS61087实现1WG11345光LED的电G8981在150MA350MAG14551G3272内G2499G16855，电G17347G3926G328232G6164示图32LED驱动模块电路33检测模块电路设计5先用光敏三极管检测光照强度，然后G18331样光敏三极管的G4568极电G2399信号送入TLC085进行放大，用C和R2进行第一级滤波，再用R4和C3进行第G1120级滤波，G7380后G4570信号送入LM3S1138的ADCG17902道。电G17347G3926G328233G6164示图33检测模块电路四系统软件设计本系统中LM3S1138的主要作用G7171G8616G17751G1857G17347G17767入电G2399的大G4579并控制激光笔的旋转。启动后先G2040G7041PD0，然后进入手动G16855G14422或者自动G16855G14422，软G1226G8981程G3282见附录G3282四。五测试方案与测试结果1测试仪器直G8981G12295G2399电源RXN303DII函G6980信号发生器EE1411C双踪G6980字示波器TDS10022测试方法和测试结果一定的光照条G1226G991，G17902过G16855G14422光敏三极管G994G11345光LED灯的角度和距离，用双踪G6980字示波器测G18339光敏三极管的发G4568级电G2399，G17767G1998电G2399在30G794250MV之间，记录每个角度G4557G5224电G2399幅值。再测G18339经过TLC085放大后的电G2399值，再次G13438录每个角度G4557G5224的G17767G1998电G2399幅值，并G4570G17767G1998电G2399值G12295定在800G7941000MV之间。固定LED灯和每个光电三极管的距离和角度，测G16809每个光电管G4557LED的敏G5875程度，并G6323合G1998G1857个光电三极管G2520自的G7366线，制G15932，G1427G1122程序里G19766控制激光管方向。经测G16809，电G2399放大倍G6980在10倍G5050G2503为G1351，G2499以G15999理器G17751G3921的G18331G19610到。63测试结果分析在G2503G17805的G2318域里，G6117G1216的检测电G17347接G6922G993G7171G5468理想G6164以G6980据G993G7171G5468G3921。这G7171G6117G1216在测G16809中G1998现G1114G5468G3822的G19394题，G7389G1135G19394题G16311决G1114，G1306G7171G17836G7171G7389G1135G6117G1216G8821G7389G16311决，这G16840G7138G1114G6117G1216G17836G7389G5468G3822的G1008G16211要G4410G1076。在G13666中G993G17287的G7171G6117G1216测G16809过程G993G7171G5468G20046G2045。G6117G1216G1262在以后的G4410G1076中G6205大自G5061的G11705G16794G19766。六总结本设计在G11840G1226和软G1226方G19766G3355要求G17751G20652，为G1114保G16789激光笔能G8503确指示，必须要G7389G5468G20652的精度，G16825设计中G18331用G1114步进电机加减速装置和光敏三级管G12573G20652精度G1815G1226G7481处理G5506G4579信号。经过为期四G3837的G12466G17199，G6117G1216G993G1306G3698强G1114实G17353能G2159和G2339作精G12082，更G9157G2063领G1262G1114理G16782联系实G19481的G18337要G5627，G4557G6117G1216以后的G4410G1076和G5049作G18129G7389G18337要G5859G1053。七参考文献1G1852G3281大G4410生电G4388设计G12466G17199G13464G4008G1262编G457200G28G5192G1852G3281大G4410生电G4388设计G12466G17199TIG1260G12180作G2709精G17885G19610G4582G5259G2338光编G14891G457电G4388G6228G7427G3534G11796模G6323G18108分G458G2338中理G5049大G4410G1998G10268G120503周G14334G5916编G14891G457G2345片机G5224用程序设计G458G2283G1152G14334G12366G14334G3837大G4410G1998G10268G120504G10591G7207G7138编G14891G457电动机的G2345片机控制G458G2283G1152G14334G12366G14334G3837大G4410G1998G10268G120507八附录G2419理G3282一LM3S1138的G7380G4579系统ADC01ADC12VDDA3GNDA4ADC25ADC36LDO7VDD8GND9PD010PD111PD2/U1RX12PD3/U1TX13VDD2514GND15PG316PG217PG1/U2TX18PG0/U2RX19VDD20GND21PC7/C222PC6/C2/C2O23PC5/C124PC4/CCP525PA0/U0RX26PA1/U0TX27PA2/SSI0CLK28PA3/SSI0FSS29PA4/SSI0RX30PA5/SSI0TX31VDD32GND33PA6/I2C1SCL34PA7/I2C1SDA35NC36NC37VDD2538GND39PG540PG4/CCP341PF7/CCP442PF6/CCP143VDD44GND45PF5/C1O46PF047OSC048OSC149WAKE50HIB51XOSC052XOSC153GND54VBAT55VDD56GND57C0O/PF458PF359PF260PF161VDD2562GND63RST64CMOD065CCP0/PB066CCP2/PB167VDD68GND69I2C0SCL/PB270I2C0SDA/PB371SSI1CLK/PE072SSI1FSS/PE173SSI1RX/PE274SSI1TX/PE375CMOD176SWO/TDO/PC377TDI/PC278SWDIO/TMS/PC179SWCLK/TCK/PC080VDD81GND82NC83NC84NC85NC86GND87VDD2588TRST/PB789C0/PB690C1/PB591C0/PB492VDD93GND94ADC795ADC696GNDA97VDDA98ADC599ADC4100U2LM3S11381234567891011121314151617181920212223242526J3CON261234567891011121314151617181920212223242526J4CON261234567891011121314151617181920212223242526J6CON261234567891011121314151617181920212223242526J5CON26123456789J2LINKU3BUZZERY16MHZVIN1GND2VOUT3U1AMS1117D4LEDR1447KC147UFC247UFD1LEDD2LEDD3LEDR1112KR1212KR1347KR310KR410KR1822KR1010KQ10805R1775D6IN4148S1SWSPSTS2SWSPSTC2122PFC2022PFC11100NFC14100NFC15100NFC18100NFC17100NFC16100NFC13100NFC12100NFC10100NFC9100NFC5100NFC6100NFC7100NFC8100NFC1922UFR510KR910KR810KR710KR610KS3SWSPSTC2422UFR1515KD5IN4148R160C2322PFC2222PFC3033UFC410412J15V5VGND33V33V33V5V33V33VPD1PG5PG5PDPD0PDPG2PG2PG3PG3PG4PG4OSC0OSC1XOSC0XOSC1OSC0OSC1XOSC0XOSC1RSTRSTTCKTCKTMSTDITDOTDOTDITMS33V33V33V33V33V33V33V33V25V25V25V25V25V33V33VGNDGNDGNDGNDGNDGNDGNDGNDGNDGNDGNDGNDGNDGNDGNDTRSTTRST33V33V33V33V33V33V33V33V33V33V25V25V25V25V25V5V33VPG0PG1GNDTCKTDITDOTMSPG0PG1GNDR110KR210K33VPG0PG1A29A30G2419理G3282G1120光敏三极管的三种分G5079G3282图148G2419理G3282三软G1226G8981程G3282G3282四软G1226G8981程G3282主程序/2010820/G2265G2559G3848G7003G1226INCLUDE“SYSTEMINITH“INCLUDE“STATUS_SWITCHH“INCLUDE“MOTORH“INCLUDE“ADH“DEFINEFLAG_PERIPHSYSCTL_PERIPH_GPIOGDEFINEFLAG_PORTGPIO_PORTG_BASEDEFINEFLAG_PINGPIO_PIN_0UNSIGNEDLONGSTANDRED40UNSIGNEDCHARFLAG0VOIDFLAGINITVOIDSYSCTLPERIENABLEFLAG_PERIPHG5332G3999PD00ADG18331样，作G3534G1946自动G16855G14422手动G16855G