电子五金外壳渗透工艺技术（penetration technology of electronic hardware shell）

电子五金外壳渗透工艺技术（PENETRATIONTECHNOLOGYOFELECTRONICHARDWARESHELL）PENETRANTTESTINGPROCESSTHEBASICSTEPSOFPENETRATIONTESTINGPROCESS1,SURFACEPREPARATIONANDCLEANING2,APPLICATIONOFTHEPENETRANT3,THEREMOVALOFEXCESSPENETRANT4,DRY5,APPLYINGIMAGINGAGENT6,OBSERVATIONANDASSESSMENT7,AFTERCLEANINGANDREINSPECTIONTHETIMINGOFPENETRANTTESTING1,MACHININGANDHEATTREATMENTOPERATIONMAYPRODUCESURFACEDEFECTS,PENETRANTTESTINGSHOULDBECARRIEDOUTINTHEPROCESSTHEDELAYEDCRACKINGTENDENCYOFMATERIALS,SHOULDBEATLEAST24HOURSAFTERWELDINGPENETRATIONTESTINGOFWELDEDJOINTS2,SURFACETREATMENTPAINT,PLATING,ANODIZING,COATING,OXIDATION,SHOTPEENINGANDPOLISHINGOPERATION,PENETRANTTESTINGSHOULDBECARRIEDOUTINTHEPROCESSBEFOREANDAFTERSURFACETREATMENTFORMACHINING,PENETRATIONTESTINGFORTHEPROCESSINGSITEAGAINCORROSIONINSPECTIONREQUIREMENTS3,WORKPIECE,SHOULDBECARRIEDOUTINTHEPROCESSOFCORROSION4,INTHESERVICEPENETRATIONWORKPIECESURFACEAREACARBONDETECTIONSHOULDBEREMOVEDANDTHEPAINTLAYERBUTTHEANODIZEDLAYERISNOTREMOVEDSURFACEPREPARATIONANDCLEANINGPENETRATIONTESTISSUCCESSFULORNOTDEPENDSONTHETESTEDSURFACECONDITIONPOLLUTIONDEGREEANDROUGHNESSALLPOLLUTANTSWILLHINDERTHEPENETRANTINTOTHEDEFECTSINTHEPROCESSOFCLEANINGPOLLUTANTSRESIDUESINTURNWITHPENETRANTREACTION,EFFECTOFOSMOTICSENSITIVITYAFFECTEDBYTHEROUGHNESSOFTHEDETECTEDSURFACEPENETRATIONDETECTIONEFFECTCONTENTCLEANSOLIDLIQUIDPOLLUTANTSPOLLUTANTSSOLIDCONTAMINANTSRUST,OXIDESKIN,CORROSIONPRODUCTS,WELDINGSPATTER,WELDINGSLAG,BURRS,PAINTANDCOATINGSETCLIQUIDCONTAMINANTSANTIRUSTOIL,ENGINEOIL,LUBRICATINGOILANDOTHERLIQUIDFRACTIONS,INCLUDINGRESIDUESOFACIDALKALIANDHALOGEN,CHEMICALACTIVITYBASICREQUIREMENTS1,ANYEFFECTOFPENETRANTTESTINGOFPOLLUTANTSMUSTBECLEAN,NOTTODAMAGETHEPARTSTOBETESTEDWORKFUNCTIONFOREXAMPLEDONOTUSEWIREBRUSHPOLISHEDALUMINUM,MAGNESIUM,TITANIUMANDOTHERSOFTALLOYTHESEALINGSURFACEMAYNOTBEACIDETCHINGETC2,SURFACEPREPARATIONANDPRECLEANINGRANGETESTPOSITIONAROUND25MM“NORMALLY,THESURFACESTATEOFWELDSEAM,ROLLINGPARTS,CASTINGS,FORGINGS,CANBEFULLOFFULLPENETRATIONINSPECTIONREQUIREMENTS“IFTHEIRREGULARSURFACEOFWELDPARTS,CASTING,FORGING,ROLLING,EFFECTOFOSMOTICAGENTINJURYEFFECTAPPLICATIONOFGRINDINGORMACHININGMETHODFORSURFACETREATMENT“IFRUST,SAND,COKEANDOTHEROBJECTS,MAYCOVERTHEREJECTEDTRACESFORINSPECTION,ORTHEEFFECTOFINTERFERENCEAPPLICATIONOFGRINDINGORMACHININGMETHODFORSURFACETREATMENTTHEOPENING/GRINDINGORMACHININGMETHODMAYCLOGSURFACEDEFECTS,REDUCETHEPENETRANTTHEREFORE,EFFECTGRINDING,MACHINING,SHOULDBEACIDETCHINGLONGSHOTSHOULDALSOBECARRIEDOUTAFTERACIDETCHINGMATTERSNEEDINGATTENTIONSURFACEPREPARATIONANDCLEANINGTOPREVENTIMPROPERBLOCKAGECAUSEDBYDEFECTSINTHECHEMICALCLEANINGORSOLVENTCLEANING,SHOULDNOTDIP,BRUSH,ELIMINATEPRESSUREWATERSPRAY,EASYTOCAUSETHEDEFECTOFINFILTRATIONBLOCKAGE,THERESIDUALLIQUIDPENETRANTWILLHINDERTHEPENETRATIONOFTHEHARMOFPOLLUTANTSPENETRANT,DIRTANDIMPURITIESMUSTBECLEANEDMAYAFFECTANYPENETRANTINSPECTION,INORDERTOENSURETHESUCCESSOFPENETRANTTESTINGTHEDIRTISHARMFUL,ATLEASTASFOLLOWSALLDIRT,WILLHINDERTHEPENETRATIONOFLIQUIDWETTINGONINSPECTEDPARTS,PREVENTPERMEATEINTOTHEDEFECT,OREVENCOMPLETELYBLOCKEDTHEDEFECTALLTHEDIRTWILLINTERFEREWITHTHEIMAGINGAGENTONADSORPTIONOFPENETRANTDEFECTSINTHEEFFECTOFDISPLAYDEFECTINDICATIONEFFECTTHEDEFECTSINTHEDIRT,ANDWILLPERMEATEMIXING,EVENWORK,REDUCETHESENSITIVITYANDPERFORMANCEOFTHEPERMEATESOMEDIRT,SUCHASACIDANDCHROMATE,WILLAFFECTTHELUMINESCENCEEFFECTOFFLUORESCENTDYESSOMEOFTHEDIRT,CANCAUSEFALSEDISPLAYSOMEDIRT,WILLCOVERTHEDISPLAYALLTHEDIRTWILLPOLLUTETHEPERMEATE,IMAGINGAGENTAGENTPENETRATIONTESTINGETCPRECLEANINGMETHODTHESURFACEPREPARATIONANDPRECLEANING,CHOOSETHEAPPROPRIATEMETHODISVERYIMPORTANT,COMMONMETHODSINCLUDEMECHANICALCLEANING,CHEMICALCLEANING,SOLVENTCLEANINGHOWEVER,NOMATTERWHICHKINDOFMETHOD,ISNOTAPANACEAFOREXAMPLETHESOLVENTCLEANINGAGENTCLEANINGCANNOTRUST,OXIDESKIN,OVERIP,SPLASHANDCOMMONINORGANICCOMPOUNDSTHESTEAMOILCANNOTBECLEANEDWITHOUTTYPEDIRTSLAG,CORROSION,SALT,ETCCANREMOVEDIRTTYPERESINPLASTICCOATING,VARNISH,PAINTETCABOUTHOWTOCHOOSETHEPRECLEANINGMETHOD,THEFOLLOWINGPOINTSMUSTBETAKENINTOCONSIDERATIONONEMUSTUNDERSTANDTHECONTAMINANTSCATEGORIESFORPRECLEANINGMETHODOFSELECTINGAPPROPRIATEBECAUSE,WITHOUTAPRECLEANINGMETHODISUNIVERSALWEMUSTUNDERSTANDPRECLEANINGMETHODS,THEAFFECTEDPARTSINSPECTIONPRECLEANINGMETHODS,NOTTODAMAGEPARTSOFTHEWORKFUNCTIONFOREXAMPLE,BEFORETHENARRATIVE,THESEALINGSURFACEMAYNOTBEACIDETCHINGWEMUSTUNDERSTANDTHEPRACTICALITYOFTHEPRECLEANINGMETHODFOREXAMPLETHEWORKPIECECANNOTBEPLACEDINSMALLDEGREASINGTANKTOREMOVEOILDETERGENTLIQUIDDETERGENTISANONFLAMMABLEWATERSOLUBLECOMPOUNDS,SURFACTANTSCONTAININGSPECIALSELECTION,TOALLKINDSOFLIQUIDSDIRTSUCHASGREASE,OILFILM,CUTTINGOIL,ETCFROMWETTING,PENETRATION,EMULSIFICATIONANDSAPONIFICATIONLIQUIDDETERGENTCANBEDIVIDEDINTOBASIC,NEUTRALANDACIDIC,BUTNOCORROSIVEEFFECTONTHESUBJECTSOFTHEPARTSMUSTBETHEUSEOFDETERGENTCLEANING,CANEASILYCLEANTHEDIRTINTHEGAPANDTHEPARTSURFACEGENERALCLEANINGTIMESHOULDBE1015MINUTESGENERALCLEANINGTEMPERATUREIS75TO95DEGCCONCENTRATIONSHOULDBEINACCORDANCEWITHMANUFACTURERRECOMMENDEDVALUESUSUALLY4560KG/M3CLEANINGSHOULDBESTIRREDALKALICLEANINGANDSTEAMCLEANINGALKALIWASHINGISSUITABLEFORREMOVINGGREASE,POLISHINGAGENT,COKE,USEDFORALUMINUMALLOYALKALICLEANINGLIQUIDISANONFLAMMABLEWATERSOLUBLECOMPOUNDS,CONTAININGASPECIALLYCHOSENDETERGENT,THEDETERGENTCANWETTING,PENETRATION,EMULSIFICATIONANDSAPONIFICATIONOFLIQUIDWASTEALKALICLEANINGLIQUIDHEATCANALSOBEUSEDTOREMOVERUSTANDDIRT,REMOVEOXIDECOVEREDSURFACEDEFECTSALKALICLEANINGFLUIDMUSTBEINACCORDANCEWITHTHEMANUFACTURERSRECOMMENDATIONTOUSEBECAREFULTHEALKALICLEANINGPROCESSOFTHEWORKPIECEAFTERCLEANING,THECLEANINGAGENTMUSTBECLEANINTHELONGANDPENETRANTINSPECTIONBEFORETHEWHOLEHEATINGANDDRYINGTHEAPPLIEDPERMEATINGLIQUID,THETEMPERATUREISGENERALLYNOTMORETHAN50DEGCSTEAMCLEANINGANIMPROVEDHOTALKALICLEANINGMETHOD,CARRIEDOUTINTHECONTAINERSUITABLEFORLARGEWORKPIECETOREMOVETHESURFACEOFINORGANICCONTAMINANTSANDVARIOUSORGANICCONTAMINANTS,BUTCANNOTREMOVETHEDIRTDEEPBOTTOMDEFECTATTHISTIME,CANUSESOLVENTIMMERSIONMETHODACIDETCHINGHAVETHEEFFECTOFACIDETCHINGTHECORROSIONOFACIDETCHINGCANREMOVETHESURFACETHEETCHINGCANREMOVEMAYCOVERTHESURFACEDEFECTS,ANDMAYHINDERTHEPENETRATIONOFOXIDELIQUIDPENETRATESINTOTHECRACKSTHEWORKPIECEAFTERMACHINING,GRINDING,ACIDETCHINGCANREMOVEMETALBURRSCLOSEDCRACKSTHESHOTPEENINGTREATMENTOFACIDETCHINGCANREMOVEMETALSEALINGSURFACESHOTDUETOSUBTLEOPENINGSFORMEDDEFECTSPICKLINGTREATMENT,SHOULDPAYATTENTIONTOTHEFOLLOWINGMATTERSTHEEFFECTOFACIDANDCHROMATEWILLGLOWFLUORESCENTDYETHEREFORE,THEACIDETCHINGMUSTBECLEAN,THESURFACEISNEUTRALANDINTHEAPPLIEDOSMOTICSOLUTIONBEFOREFULLYDRYTHETESTEDWORKPIECEISACIDINHIBITOR,HYDROGENEMBRITTLEMENTMAYOCCURTHEREFORE,THEACIDETCHINGSHOULDBECARRIEDOUTTOHYDROGENTREATMENT200C,3HANDAPPLIEDINBAKINGPERMEATE,THEWORKPIECEISCOOLEDTOABOUT50DEGCTHESTRICTCONTROLOFTHEPICKLINGTIMEANDPREVENTCORROSIONOFTHEINSPECTEDSURFACETHEPICKLINGTIMEAFTERNEUTRALIZATIONTREATMENTTHEUSE,MUSTBEINACCORDANCEWITHTHERECOMMENDATIONSOFTHEUSEOFFACTORYSOLVENTCLEANINGTHEREAREMANYCLEANINGSOLVENTSCANBEEFFECTIVELYUSEDTODISSOLVEGREASE,OILFILM,WAX,SEALANTS,PAINTSANDOTHERCOMMONORGANICCONTAMINANTSTHERESHOULDBENOSOLVENTRESIDUE,ESPECIALLYSHOULDPAYSPECIALATTENTIONTOTHELEACHINGLIQUID,MANUALSOLVENTCLEANINGAGENTCLEANINGCANNOTRUST,OXIDESKIN,OVERIP,SPLASHANDCOMMONINORGANICCOMPOUNDSSOMECLEANINGSOLVENTSAREFLAMMABLESUBSTANCES,SOMECLEANINGSOLVENTSMAYALSOBETOXICTHEREFORE,SHOULDBEUSEDTOOPERATEINACCORDANCEWITHTHEMANUFACTUREINSTRUCTIONSANDPRECAUTIONSAFTERSOLVENTCLEANINGLIQUIDISCOMMONLYUSEDINTHELOCALAREAOFLARGEPARTSSTEAMOILREMOVALSTEAMOILISAGOODMETHODTOREMOVETHESURFACEOFTHEWORKPIECEANDTHEOPENINGATTHEDEFECTOFOILANDGREASELIKEDIRTSTEAMOILREMOVALCANNOTREMOVETHEORGANICDIRTSUCHASSLAG,SALTCORROSION,ETCSTEAMOILREMOVALCANNOTREMOVETHERESINDIRTSUCHASPLASTIC,COATING,VARNISH,PAINTETCWHENINCONTACTWITHTHEWORKPIECEINARELATIVELYSHORTTIME,ANDCANNOTBEDEEPDEFECTSINALLOILCLEAN,RECOMMENDEDBYSOLVENTIMMERSIONMETHODSPECIALCASEATITANIUMALLOYISEASYTOGENERATEHALOGENELEMENTSOFSTRESSCORROSIONCRACK,USINGTRICHLOROETHYLENEDEGREASINGBEFORESTRESSRELIEVINGTREATMENTALUMINUMANDMAGNESIUMALLOYWORKPIECEINTHEOILINTHEAIR,EASYTORUST,SHOULDASSOONASPOSSIBLEINTHEPENETRANTULTRASONICCLEANINGULTRASONICCLEANINGISACOMBINEDWITHULTRASONICVIBRATIONINSOLVENTSANDCLEANINGAGENTS,INORDERTOIMPROVETHECLEANINGEFFECTANDREDUCETHECLEANINGMETHODOFTIMEIFITISTOREMOVEINORGANICDIRT,SUCHASREMOVINGRUST,SLAG,SALT,CORROSION,ETC,SHOULDBEUSEDWITHWATERANDDETERGENTIFTHEREMOVALOFORGANICCONTAMINANTS,SUCHASOIL,OIL,ORGANICSOLVENTSHOULDBEUSEDAFTERULTRASONICCLEANING,LIQUIDPENETRANTISAPPLIEDBEFOREHEATINGWORKPIECE,THEREMOVALOFTHESOLVENT,CLEANINGAGENTTHEN,THEWORKPIECEISCOOLEDTO50DEGCTOPAINTPROCESSINGACCORDINGTOTHECHEMICALCOMPOSITIONOFPAINT,ATARGETEDSELECTIONOFPAINTREMOVER,CANEFFECTIVELYREMOVETHESURFACEOFTHEPAINTFILMINGENERAL,THEPAINTFILMMUSTBECOMPLETELYREMOVEDTOEXPOSETHEMETALSURFACETOPAINT,THESURFACESHOULDBEFULLYDRYCERAMICAIRROASTINGTHEHEATINGCERAMICWORKPIECEINTHEOXIDIZINGENVIRONMENTCLEAN,ISANEFFECTIVEMETHODTOREMOVEMOISTUREANDREMOVALOFTRACEORGANICCONTAMINANTSTHEMAXIMUMTEMPERATUREOFHEATINGSHOULDNOTREDUCETHEPERFORMANCEOFCERAMICSPENETRANTAPPLICATIONPRINCIPLETOENSURETHEINSPECTEDPARTSCOVEREDBYTHEPENETRANT,ANDKEEPWETSTATEINTHEWHOLEPENETRATIONTIMEMETHOD1,ELECTROSTATICSPRAYING,ORSPRAYINGCIRCULATINGPUMPLOWPRESSUREIRRIGATIONSUITABLEFORLARGEWORKPIECEINPARTORINWHOLE2,BRUSH,BRUSH,BRUSHCLOTHFORLOCALINSPECTION,WELDINSPECTION3,CASTCOATINGPENETRANTPOUREDDIRECTLYONTHESURFACEOFTHEWORKPIECELOCALINSPECTIONOFLARGEPARTSOFTHEAPPLICATION4,DIPCOATINGPIECESOAKEDINPENETRANTSUITABLEFORSMALLWORKPIECESURFACEINSPECTIONTIMETHEPROVISIONSOFJB/T4730200510TO50DEGC,APPLYINGPENETRANTPERMEATIONTIMEMORETHAN10MINNOTETHATTHEDIPCOATINGMETHOD,INORDERTOREDUCETHELOSSOFTHEPENETRANT,DROP,PENETRATIONTIMESHOULDALSOINCLUDEDROPPINGTIME,OSMOTICAGENTVOLATILEDRIPPINGPROCESSWASEVAPORATED,THECONCENTRATIONOFDYEPENETRANTRELATIVEINCREASE,IMPROVETHEDETECTIONSENSITIVITYOFPERMEABILITYTEMPERATURETHEPROVISIONSOFJB/T473020051050DEGREES,WHENTHETEMPERATUREISNOTTHESTANDARDTEMPERATURERANGE,SHOULDUSETHEABLOCKFORCOMPARISONTHEREMOVALOFEXCESSPENETRANTREMOVETHEPENETRANTPROCESSSTANDARDSJB/T47302005REQUIREMENTSWATERTEMPERATURE,WATERPRESSURE,ANGLEANDDISTANCEFEATURESPENETRANTCONTAININGEMULSIFIER,WASHINGTIME,WASHINGOFHIGHPRESSURE,HIGHWATERTEMPERATURE,ITISPOSSIBLETODEFECTPENETRANTCLEAN,HAVEBEENCLEANINGPRINCIPLEINTHEELIGIBLEBACKGROUND,WASHINGTIMEASSHORTASPOSSIBLEFLUORESCENCEUNDERUVLIGHTCOLORINGINWHITELIGHTWHILEOBSERVINGTHECHANGEOFCLEANINGPOSTEMULSIFIABLEPENETRANTREMOVAL1,HYDROPHILICEMULSIFIERTHEOPERATIONPROCEDUREOFWATERPRECLEANING,EMULSIFICATION,FINALWASHINGAPPLYINGMETHODDIPCOATING,CASTINGCOATINGORCOATINGCANNOTBRUSH,BRUSHDUETOUNEVEN2,LIPOPHILICEMULSIFIEROPERATINGPROCEDURESEMULSION,WASHINGMETHODOFAPPLYINGIMPREGNATEDORCOATEDWITHNOTBRUSHINGORSPRAYING,NORSTIRONTHEWORKPIECE3,THEEMULSIFYINGTIMETHEKEYSTEPOFCONTROLLINGTHEEMULSIFICATIONTIME,PREVENTEMULSIFICATION,WILLRESULTINCOLORORBACKGROUNDFLUORESCENCEALLOWEDUNDERTHEEMULSIFICATIONTIMEASSHORTASPOSSIBLEIMPACTTHETYPESOFEMULSIONTYPEPENETRANTSURFACEROUGHNESS,THECONCENTRATIONOFEMULSIFIER,EMULSIFIER,EMULSIFIERTEMPERATUREISTHELEVELOFPOLLUTIONAND4,QUALITYCONTROLINWHITEORBLACK,WHILECLEANINGTHEOBSERVATIONAFTEREMULSIFICATIONMUSTREPENETRANTTESTINGWHENREDRYINGTHEWORKPIECEUNDEREMULSIFICATIONPENETRANTTESTING,GENERALWORKPIECEAGAINADDEDEMULSIONTHESOLVENTREMOVALPENETRANTPROGRAMCLEANHAIRCLOTHARESCRUBBEDTOREMOVEMOSTOFTHEEXCESSPENETRANTWITHACLEANINGAGENTTOCLEANHAIRCLOTHINORDERTOSCRUBNOTENOTRECIPROCATINGSCRUBBING,CLEANINGAGENTMAYNOTDIRECTLYWASHTHEINSPECTEDSURFACEDRYOBJECTIVETOREMOVETHESURFACEOFTHETESTPIECEOFWATER,MAKINGTHEPENETRANTFLOWBACKTOTHEIMAGINGAGENTTIMINGIMAGINGAGENTREMOVALMETHODANDUSEDEPENDSONTHEEXCESSPENETRANTTHESOLVENTREMOVALNATURALDRYINGTHEWATERUSEDDRYWETIMAGINGORNONIMAGING,IMAGINGBEFOREUSEMUSTBEDRYWETIMAGING,IMAGINGAFTERDRYINGUSINGSELFIMAGINGINDRYINGAFTERWASHINGMETHODSCLEANCLOTH,COMPRESSEDAIRDRYING,HOTAIRDRYING,HOTAIRCIRCULATIONDRYING,HOTDIPHOTDIPTECHNOLOGYTHEWORKPIECEAFTERCLEANING,ASHORTTIMEIN8090DEGCHOTWATERDIP,INCREASINGTHEINITIALTEMPERATUREOFTHEWORKPIECE,ACCELERATETHEDRYINGRATEDISADVANTAGESSUPPLEMENTTHECLEANINGEFFECT,EASYTOCLEANING,TIMEMUSTBESTRICTLYCONTROLLEDWITHIN20S,SMOOTHSURFACEDOESNOTALLOWHOTDIPTHETEMPERATUREANDTIMEOFDRYINGWHENTHEWORKPIECESURFACETEMPERATURENOTHIGHERTHAN50DEGC,THEDRYINGTIMEIS510MINDRYINGTEMPERATUREANDALLPENETRANTTYPESANDTHEWORKPIECEMATERIAL,ISGENERALLYDETERMINEDBYTHETESTTHEDRYINGTIMEANDMATERIALSIZE,MOISTURE,TESTPIECENUMBER,INITIALTEMPERATUREANDDRYINGDEVICEETCPHENOMENONIMAGINGMETHODSDRYIMAGING,IMAGING,IMAGING,WETSOLVENTSUSPENSIONSELFIMAGINGDRYIMAGINGAPPLICABLESCOPEFLUORESCENTPENETRANTTESTINGROUGHSURFACEAPPLIEDMETHODSSPRAYING,BURIAL,IMAGINGAGENTRETENTIONUSINGLOWPRESSUREAIRBLOWINGORTAPDRYSENSITIVITYCANNOTFORMAGOODBACKGROUND,LOWCONTRAST,LOWDETECTIONSENSITIVITYRESOLUTIONIMAGINGAGENTONLYADSORBEDONTHEDEFECTSITE,DEFECTCONTOURWITHDIFFUSION,CANBEDISPLAYEDSEPARATELYNEARTHEDEFECTSOFHIGHRESOLUTIONSOLVENTSUSPENDEDIMAGINGAPPLICABLESCOPEFLUORESCENTPENETRANTTESTINGSMOOTHSURFACE,THEOTHERSURFACEOFTHEPREFERREDSOLVENTSUSPENDEDIMAGINGAPPLICATIONMETHODCOMMONPRESSURETANKSPRAYNOZZLEANDWORKPIECEDISTANCEOF300400MM,THEANGLEBETWEENTHEDIRECTIONANDTHEWORKPIECE30TO40DEGREESSENSITIVITYCANFORMAGOODBACKGROUND,HIGHCONTRASTTHESOLVENTCANRAPIDLYABSORBHEAT,EXACERBATEDTHEDEFECTPENETRANTLEAKAGEDETECTIONSENSITIVITYCANBEIMPROVEDRESOLUTIONAFTERIMAGINGDUETOTHERAPIDEVAPORATIONOFTHESOLVENT,THEDEFECTCONTOURWITHTIMESLOWDIFFUSION,CANEFFECTIVELYSEPARATEADJACENTDISPLAYDEFECTS,HIGHRESOLUTIONWETIMAGINGAPPLICABLESCOPECHOOSETHEMETHODINIMAGINGAGENTSELECTIONFINALLYDISSOLVEDINWATERISNOTSUITABLEFORWETDEVELOPERCOLORINGDETECTIONSYSTEMANDDETECTIONSYSTEMOFWATERINFILTRATIONAPPLIEDMETHODSDIPCOATING,CASTINGCOATINGANDSPRAYING,MOSTBYDIPPINGAFTERCOATINGTODROP,ANDTHENDRYINGPICTUREFORWATERSUSPENSIONWETDEVELOPER,TOPREVENTIMAGINGPOWDERDEPOSITION,DIPPINGTIMESHOULDNOTSTIRSENSITIVITYCANFORMAGOODBACKGROUND,HIGHCONTRAST,HIGHDETECTIONSENSITIVITYRESOLUTIONLOWRESOLUTIONSELFIMAGINGISNOTHIGHONTHESENSITIVITYREQUIREMENTIMAGINGTIMEDRYIMAGINGFROMIMAGINGAGENTAPPLIEDTOCHECKTHEDISPLAYOFTHETIMEBEGANTOOBSERVETIMEFROMDRYTOWETIMAGINGEXAMINATIONSHOWEDTHATTHEOBSERVATIONBEGANTHEIMAGINGTIMEDEPENDONTHETYPE,IMAGINGAGENTANDPENETRANTFLAWSIZE,SURFACETEMPERATUREOFTHETESTPIECETHEIMAGINGPRINCIPLEOFTIMECONTROL1,THEREMUSTBEENOUGHTIMETOMAKETHEPENETRANTDEFECTSINFULLFLOWBACKTOTHEWORKPIECESURFACE2,TOPREVENTDEFECTSDUETODIFFUSIONANDDISPLAYTIME,RESULTINGINADECLINEINRESOLUTIONJB/T47302005SINCETHERETENTIONPERIODIS10120MINIMAGING,IMAGINGTIMEOTHERIMAGINGMETHODISGENERALLYNOTLESSTHAN7MINOBSERVATIONANDEVALUATIONOBSERVETHETIMETHEDEVELOPERISAPPLIEDAFTER760MINOBSERVATIONOFLIGHTSOURCEDETECTIONOFWHITELIGHTCOLORISMORETHAN1000LX,THELIMITEDCONDITIONSBUTNOTLESSTHAN500LXFLUORESCENCEDETECTIONOFWHITELIGHTISNOLARGERTHAN20LX,THEBLACKLIGHTILLUMINATION380MMILLUMINATIONOFWORKPIECESURFACESHALLNOTBELESSTHAN1000UW/CM2,THESELFIMAGING,150MMILLUMINATIONOFWORKPIECESURFACESHALLNOTBELESSTHAN3000UW/CM2AFTERCLEANINGEFFECTPENETRATIONTESTINGISCOMPLETED,IFSTILLREMAININGONTHESURFACEOFTHEWORKPIECEDEVELOPERCOATING,OROTHERLIQUIDINFILTRATIONOFDIRT,MAYPRODUCETHEFOLLOWINGHAZARDSTHERESIDUALPENETRANTORDEVELOPERMAYAFFECTSUBSEQUENTPROCESSINGPROCESSFOREXAMPLE,FORWELDREPAIR,PENETRATIONRESIDUEINSPECTIONAGENT,WILLCAUSEHARMTOTHEREPAIRWELDINGAREATHERESIDUALPENETRANTORDEVELOPERMAYAFFECTTHEPRODUCTPERFORMANCEFOREXAMPLE,IFTHEPARTSTOBETESTEDFOROXYGENLOXDEVICE,THEPENETRATIONOFHYDROCARBONRESIDUESINPENETRANT,MAYLEADTOVIOLENTEXPLOSIONTHERESIDUALLIQUIDPENETRATIONOROTHERFACTORSMAYBERELATEDTOTHEUSEOFADEVELOPERINCOMBINATIONWITHCORROSIONETCFOREXAMPLE,MOISTUREABSORPTIONORDEVELOPERCOATINGWILLACCOMMODATEPROMOTECORROSIONCAUSEDBYCORROSIONOFTHEPARTSTOBETESTEDIFTHEPARTSTOBETESTEDFORNUCLEARFACILITIES,CLEANMOREPARTICULARLYIMPORTANTMETHODFORREMOVINGDEVELOPERTHEDRYIMAGINGAGENT,MAYSTICKINTHEWETPERMEABILITYLIQUIDOROTHERLIQUIDSUBSTANCES,MAYALSOSTAYINTHEGAP,CANBEUSEDWITHOUTOILORWATERWASHINGHAIRDRYERBLOWINGTHEREMOVALOFTHEWATERBASEDWETIMAGINGAGENTISDIFFICULTBECAUSEOFTHISKINDOFIMAGINGAGENTAFTER80DEGCAFTERDRYING,ADHESIONONTHESURFACEEXAMINEDWORKPIECE,SOITISAGOODMETHODTOREMOVEWITHHOTWATERCONTAININGDETERGENTWASH,THEREISACERTAINPRESSURE,THEEFFECTISBETTERTHENUSINGMANUALORMECHANICALCLEANINGBRUSHINGMACHINE,WASHINGMACHINEWASHINGTHESOLUBLEDEVELOPERWITHTAPWATERRINSEBECAUSETHEIMAGINGAGENTISSOLUBLEINWATERTHEREMOVALOFTHESOLVENTSUSPENSIONWETIMAGINGAGENT,CANUSEAWETTOWELTOWIPE,ANDTHENWIPEWITHDRYCLOTHALSOCANBEDIRECTLYUSEDTOCLEANDRYCLOTHORBRUSHWIPEFORTHREAD,CRACKSORSURFACEDEPRESSION,AVAILABLEWITHHOTWATERWASHINGDETERGENT,BETTERCLEANINGEFFECTOFULTRASOUNDBECAREFULREMOVEDEVELOPERTIMEAFTERTHEINSPECTION,THEWORKPIECEIMAGINGAGENTALSOWITHOUTDRYING,CANBECARRIEDOUTASSOONASPOSSIBLEBYWATERWASHINGMETHODREMOVEEXCESSLIQUIDPERMEATETHESTEAMOILATLEAST10MINTHESOLVENTIMMERSIONATLEAST15MINTHEULTRASONICSOLVENTREMOVALATLEAST3MINBECAREFULINSOMECASES,REQUIREDTOUSESTEAMTOOIL,ANDTHENSOAKEDINSOLVENTTHETIMEDEPENDSONTHENATUREOFTHEWORKPIECE,SHOULDBEDETERMINEDBYTESTTHESTEAMCLEANINGSHOULDBECARRIEDOUTINTHEDEVELOPERREMOVED,OTHERWISEITWILLLEADTOADEVELOPERONTHEWORKPIECESURFACECONDENSATIONMATTERSNEEDINGATTENTIONAFTEREMULSIFICATIONPENETRANT,AFTERCLEANING,IFTHEPARTSAREVERYFEW,ISTHEUSEOFEMULSIFYING,THENRINSEWITHWATERNOTETHISMETHODISALSOEFFECTIVEFORPENETRANTRESIDUESREMOVALANDRETENTIONOFDEVELOPERCOATINGCARBONSTEELPENETRATIONTESTING,AFTERCLEANING,IFWATERCLEANINGSHOULDBEINTHEWATERTOADDSODIUMNITRATEORSODIUMCHROMATECOMPOUNDSSUCHASANTIRUSTAGENT,APPLICATIONOFRUSTPREVENTIVEOILSAFTERCLEANINGMAGNESIUMALLOYISEASYTOCORROSIONANDPENETRATIONTESTING,AFTERCLEANING,OFTENNEEDTODEALWITHTHESOLUTIONOFSODIUMCHROMATEONTHECORRECTDETECTIONOFTHEACTUALOPERATIONOFTHEPENETRATION1PENETRATIONTESTINTHEACTUALOPERATIONPROCESS,PENETRANTMATERIALSANDINSPECTIONOFPRESSUREVESSELSHOULDBE1040DEGREESBETWEENDETECTIONIFINTHEACTUALOPERATIONPROCESS,CANNOTMEETTHETEMPERATURELIMIT,SHOULDBEPREPAREDTOADOPTTHETEMPERATURECONDITIONS,WEREIDENTIFIEDTHROUGHEXPERIMENTSTODETERMINEWHETHERPENETRATIONDETECTIONINACTUALOPERATIONCONDITIONSFORTHELOWERTEMPERATURE2ANYPENETRATIONDETECTIONTECHNOLOGYCANOBTAINSUCCESSDEPENDSLARGELYONTHEINSPECTEDSURFACEOFTHEWELDEDJOINTSANDSURFACEDEFECTSSHOULDNOTBEINTERFERENCEINFILTRATIONOFSOLIDORLIQUIDPOLLUTIONDETECTIONALLOFTHESUBJECTSNEEDPENETRATIONTESTOFWELDINGJ