西安市种猪繁育标准化养殖场扩建改造项目可行性研究报告1

HELPSCROPSGROWSTRONGANDHEALTHYORGANICFARMERS,THEREFORE,OFTENPREFERUSINGNATURALWASTEFROMANIMALSASFERTILIZERTHEYFEELTHATTHISMAKESTHESOILINTHEIRFIELDSRICHERINMINERALSANDSOMOREFERTILETHISALSOKEEPSTHEAIR,SOIL,WATERANDCROPSFREEFROMCHEMICALSORGANICFARMERSALSOUSEMANYOTHERMETHODSTOKEEPTHESOILFERTILETHEYOFTENCHANGETHEKNDOFCROPINEACHFIELDEVERYFEWYEARS,FOREXAMPLE,GROWINGCORNORWHEATANDTHENTHENEXTYEARPEASORSOYBEANSCROPSSUCHASPEASORSOYBEANSPUTIMPORTANTMINERALSBACKINTOTHESOIL,MAKINGITREADYFORCROPSSUCHASWHEATORCORNTHATNEEDRICHANDFERTILESOILORGANICFARMERSALSOPLANTCROPSTOUSEDIFFERENTLEVELSOFSOIL,FOREXAMPLE,PLANTINGPEANUTSTHATUSETHEGROUNDSSURFACEFOLLOWEDBYVEGETABLESTHATPUTDOWNDEEPROOTSSOMEORGANICFARMERSPREFERPLANTINGGRASSBETWEENCROPSTOPREVENTWINDORWATERFROMCARRYINGAWAYTHESOIL,ANDTHENLEAVINGITINTHEGROUNDTOBECOMEANATURALFERTILIZERFORTHENEXTYEARSCROPTHESEMANYDIFFERENTORGANICFARMINGMETHODSHAVETHESAMEGOALTOGROWGOODFOODANDAVOIDDAMAGINGTHEENVIRONMENTORPEOPLESHEALTHANEARLYFARMERPIONEERSOMEPEOPLETHOUGHTJIASIXIEWASALUCKYMANHEHADWORKEDFORTHEEMPERORANDWHENHEGOTOLD,HEWASABLETOGOHISHOMETOWNTORELAXJIASIXIE,HOWEVER,HADOTHERPLANSHEHADALWAYSBEENINTERESTEDINAGRICULTUREANDINTENDEDTODOSOMETHINGTOMAKECHINESEFARMINGEVENBETTERJIASIXIELIVEDINTHESIXCENTURYADHEWASBORNINYIDUINSHANDONGPROVINCEANDWORKEDINGAOYANG,WHICHISALSOINSHANGDONGASHERODETHROUGHTHECOUNTRYSIDEONHISJOURNEYSFORHISWORKHELOOKEDOUTATTHEFIELDSSOMEOFTHEMWEREGREENERANDHADMORECROPSTHANOTHERSSOMECOWSANDSHEEPLOOKEDHEALTHIERTHANOTHERSTOOHEWASLOSTINTHOUGHWHATCOULDAFARMERDOTOGETGOODCROPSFROMHISFIELDSSURELYTHEREMUSTBERULESTHATWOULDHELPTHEMHETHOUGHTHECOULDUSEHISKNOWLEDGETOFINDOUTTHEBESTWAYSFORFARMERSTOGROWCROPSANDTHENWRITEABOOKTOHELPTHEMINDOINGSOHECOLLECTEDINFORMATIONFROMFARMERSWHODIDWELL,STUDIEDITANDDIDEXPERIMENTSTOFINDTHEBESTWAYFOREXAMPLE,HESTUDIEDWAYSOFKEEPINGSEEDSANDADVISEDFARMERSTOCHOOSESEEDHEADSWHICHHADTHEBESTCOLORTHENHETOLDTHEMTOHANGTHEMTODRYALLWINTERTHENEXTSPRINGTHESEEDSSHOULDBEKNOCKEDOUTOFTHEIRSEEDHEADSANDPLANTEDHESTUDIEDHOWTOIMPROVETHESOILHEADVISEDFARMERSTOCLEARWEEDSFROMTHEGROUNDBEFOREPLANTINGCROPSTHEYCOULDEITHERLETTHEANIMALSEATTHEWEEDSORTURNTHESOILOVERSOTHATTHEWEEDSWERECOVEREDANDWOULDROTTHENHEGAVEADVICEONTURINGOVERTHESOILTHEFIRSTTIMEEACHYEAR,FARMERSSHOULDDIGDEEPLY,BUTTHESECONDTIMESHOULDBELESSDEEPTHEREFORETHEAUTUMNPLOUGHINGOFTHESOILSHOULDBEDEEPERTHANTTHESPRINGPLOUGHINGHESUGGESTEDCHANGINGCROPSINTHEFIELDEVERYYEARRIVEONEYEARANDWHEATTHENEXTSOTHATTHEYWOULDALWAYSGETGOODHARVESTSTHEYSHOULDALSOGROWDIFFERENTPLANTSNEXTTOEACHOTHERINTHEFIELDHEALSOGAVEADIVEONHOWTOFISH,KEEPAGARDENANDEVENMAKEWINEHEWROTEDOWNHISINABOOKCALLEDQIMINYAOSHU,WHICHWASCONSIDEREDANIMPORTANTSUMMARYOFTHEKNOWLEDGEOFFARMINGFORCENTURIESAFTERJIASIXIEDIED,ITWASSTUDIEDBYCHINESEFARMERSANDSTUDENTSOFAGRICULTUREUNIT3AMASTEROFNONVERBALHUMOURASVICTORHUGOONCESAID,“LAUGHTERISTHESUNTHATDRIVESWINTERFROMTHEHUMANFACE”,ANDUPTONOWNOBODYHASBEENABLETODOTHISBETTERTHANCHARLIECHAPLINHEBRIGHTENEDTHELIVESOFAMERICANSANDBRITISHTHROUGHTWOWORLDWARSANDTHEHARDYEARSINBETWEENHEMADEPEOPLELAUGHATATIMEWHENTHEYFELTDEPRESSED,SOTHEYCOULDFEELMORECONTENTWITHTHEIRLIVESNOTTHATCHARLIESOWNLIFEWASEASYHEWASBORNINAPOORFAMILYIN1889HISPARENTSWEREBOTHPOORMUSICHALLPERFORMERSYOUMAYFINDITASTONISHINGTHATCHARLIEWASTAUGHTTOSINGASSOONASHECOULDSPEAKANDDANCEASSOONASHECOULDWALKSUCHTRAININGWASCOMMONINACTINGFAMILIESATTHATTIME,ESPECIALLYWHENTHEFAMILYINCOMEWASOFTENUNCERTAINUNFORTUNATELYHISFATHERDIED,LEAVINGTHEFAMILYEVENWORSEOFF,SOCHARLIESPENTHISCHILDHOODLOOKINGAFTERHISSICKMOTHERANDHISBROTHERBYHISTEENS,CHARLIEHAD,THROUGHHISHUMOUR,BECOMEONEOFTHEMOSTPOPULARCHILDACTORSINENGLANDHECOULDMIMEANDACTTHEFOOLDOINGORDINARYEVERYDAYTASKSNOONEWASEVERBOREDWATCHINGHIMHISSUBTLEACTINGMADEEVERYTHINGENTERTAININGASTIMEWENTBY,HEBEGANMAKINGFILMSHEGREWMOREANDMOREPOPULARASHISCHARMINGCHARACTER,THELITTLETRAMP,BECAMEKNOWNTHROUGHOUTTHEWORLDTHETRAMP,APOOR,HOMELESSMANWITHAMOUSTACHE,WORELARGETROUSERS,WORNOUTSHOESANDASMALLROUNDBLACKHATHEWALKEDAROUNDSTIFFLYCARRYINGAWALKINGSTICKTHISCHARACTERWASASOCIALFAILUREBUTWASLOVEDFORHISOPTIMISMANDDETERMINATIONTOOVERCOMEALLDIFFICULTIESHEWASTHEUNDERDOGWHOWASKINDEVENWHENOTHERSWEREUNKINDTOHIMHOWDIDTHELITTLETRAMPMAKEASADSITUATIONENTERTAININGHEREISANEXAMPLEFROMONEOFHISMOSTFAMOUSFILMS,THEGOLDRUSHITISTHEMIDNINETEENTHCENTURYANDGOLDHASJUSTBEENDISCOVEREDINCALIFORNIALIKESOMANYOTHERS,THELITTLETRAMPANDHISFRIENDHAVERUSHEDTHEREINSEARCHOFGOLD,BUTWITHOUTSUCCESSINSTEADTHEYAREHIDINGINASMALLHUTONTHEEDGEOFAMOUNTAINDURINGASNOWSTORMWITHNOTHINGTOEATTHEYARESOHUNGRYTHATTHEYTRYBOILINGAPAIROFLEATHERSHOESFORTHEIRDINNERCHARLIEFIRSTPICKSOUTTHELACESANDEATSTHEMASIFTHEYWERESPAGHETTITHENHECUTSOFFTHELEATHERTOPOFTHESHOESASIFITWERETHEFINESTSTEAKFINALLYHETRIESCUTTINGANDCHEWINGTHEBOTTOMOFTHESHOEHEEATSEACHMOUTHFULWITHGREATENJOYMENTTHEACTINGISSOCONVINCINGTHATITMAKESYOUBELIEVETHATITISONEOFTHEBESTMEALSHEHASEVERTASTEDCHARLIECHAPLINWROTE,DIRECTEDANDPRODUCEDTHEFILMSTHESTARREDININ1972HEWASGIVENASPECIALOSCARFORHISOUTSTANDINGWORKINFILMSHELIVEDINENGLANDANDTHEUSABUTSPENDHISLASTYEARSINSWITZERLAND,WHEREHEWASBURIEDIN1977HEISLOVEDANDREMEMBEREDASAGREATACTORWHOCOULDINSPIREPEOPLEWITHGREATCONFIDENCEANAPRILFOOLSJOKETHENOODLEHARVESTAPRILFOOLSDAY,ORAPRIL1ST,ISKNOWNINMANYCOUNTRIESASADAYFORPLAYINGJOKESONOTHERSITISUSUALLYATIMEWHENCHILDRENMAKEFUNOFEACHOTHER,BUTSOMETIMESOTHERPEOPLECANGETCAUGHTINTHEFUNTOOONEOFTHEMOSTFAMOUSJOKESINENGLANDTOOKPLACEONBRITISHTELEVISIONIN1957ITWASAMONDAYNIGHTWHENTHEREWEREALWAYSMANYSERIOUSPROGRAMMESONTHETELEVISIONONEOFTHEMWASCALLEDPANORAMA,THISSHOWEXPLOREDPROBLEMSANDPROGRESSALLOVERTHEWORLD,SONOBODYWASSURPRISEDWHENITBEGANWITHAREPORTONTHEEXCELLENTNOODLEHARVESTINTHESOUTHSWITZERLANDTHEPROGRAMMEMENTIONEDTWOREASONSFORTHEGOODCROPANUNUSUALLYWARMWINTERANDTHEDISAPPEARANCEOFTHEINSECTTHATATTACKEDTHENOODLECROPEVERYYEARTHEREPORTERSHOWEDMANYNOODLETREESWITHTHEFARMERSPULLINGNOODLESOFFTHEMANDPUTTINGTHEMINTOBASKETSTHEPEOPLEWATCHINGWERETOLDTHATTHEYMAYNOTHAVEHEARDOFNOODLESFROMTHISPARTOFTHEWORLDBECAUSENOODLESWEREGROWNASPARTOFSMALLFAMILYBUSINESSESTHEPROGRAMMEMAKERSMAKERSREALIZEDTHATPEOPLEMIGHTWONDERWHYNOODLESWEREALWAYSTHESAMESIZESOTHATTHEYEXPLAINEDTHAT“ITWASTHERESULTOFMANYYEARSPATIENTRESEARCHWITHTHETREETOPRODUCENOODLESOFEXACTLYTHESAMELENGTH”BUTEVENSOTHEYEXPLAINED,THELIFEOFANOODLEFARMERWASNOTEASY“THELASTTWOWEEKSOFMARCHAREANANXIOUSTIMEFORNOODLEFARMERSTHEREISALWAYSACHANCEOFVERYCOLDWEATHERSPOILINGTHEIRCROPTHENITISDIFFICULTFORTHEMTOGETTOPPRICESONTHEMARKETS”MANYPEOPLEINENGLANDBELIEVEDTHISSTORYTHEYRANGTHEBBCTOFINDOUTHOETOGROWTHEIROWNNOODLETREETHEYWERETOLDTO“PLACEAPIECEOFNOODLEINATINOFTOMATOSAUCEANDHOPEFORTHEBEST”THISMAYSEEMVERYSILLY,BUTINTHE1950SVERYFEWBRITISHPEOPLETRAVELLEDABOARDFORTHEIRHOLIDAYSANDEVENFEWEROFTHEMATENOODLESSOITSEEMEDPOSSIBLETOIMAGINETHATNOODLESGREWONTREELIKEAPPLES,PEARSANDNUTSPEOPLEALSOTRUSTEDTHEPANORAMAPROGRAMMEFORITSCAREFULRESEARCHANDSERIOUSINFORMATIONSOTHEYWERESHOCKEDTOFINDTHENEXTDAYTHATTHEYHADALLBELIEVEDANAPRILFOOLSJOKEEVENTODAYTHEREPORTOFTHENOODLEHARVESTISREMEMBEREDASONEOFTHEBESTAPRILFOOLSJOKESEVERUNIT4COMMUNICATIONNOPROBLEMYESTERDAY,ANOTHERSTUDENTANDI,REPRESENTINGOURUNIVERSITYSSTUDENTASSOCIATION,WENTTOTHECAPITALINTERNATIONALAIRPORTTOMEETTHISYEARSINTERNATIONALSTUDENTSTHEYWERECOMINGTOSTUDYATBEIJINGUNIVERSITYWESHOULDTAKETHEMFIRSTTOTHEIRDORMITORIESANDTHENTOTHESTUDENTCANTEEAFTERANHOUROFWAITINGFORTHEIRFLIGHTTOARRIVE,ISAWSEVERALYOUNGPEOPLEENTERTHEWAITINGAREALOOKINGAROUNDCURIOUSLYISTOODFORAMINUTEWATCHINGTHEMANDTHENWENTTOGREETTHEMTHEFIRSTPERSONTOARRIVEWASTONYGARCIAFROMCOLUMBIA,CLOSELYFOLLOWEDBYJULIASMITHFROMBRITAINAFTERIMETTHEMANDTHENINTRODUCEDTHEMTOEACHOTHER,IWASVERYSURPRISEDTONYAPPROACHEDJULIA,TOUCHEDHERSHOULDERANDKISSEDHERONTHECHEEKSHESTEPPEDBACKAPPEARINGSURPRISEDANDPUTUPHERHANDS,ASIFINDEFENCEIGUESSEDTHATTHEREWASPROBABLYAMAJORMISUNDERSTANDINGTHENAKIRANAGATAFROMJAPANCAMEINSMILING,TOGETHERWITHGEORGECOOKFROMCANADAASTHEYWEREINTRODUCED,GEORGEREACHEDHISHANDOUTTOTHEJAPANESESTUDENTJUSTATTHATMOMENT,HOWEVER,AKIRABOWEDSOHISNOSETOUCHEDGEORGESMOVINGHANDHELPSCROPSGROWSTRONGANDHEALTHYORGANICFARMERS,THEREFORE,OFTENPREFERUSINGNATURALWASTEFROMANIMALSASFERTILIZERTHEYFEELTHATTHISMAKESTHESOILINTHEIRFIELDSRICHERINMINERALSANDSOMOREFERTILETHISALSOKEEPSTHEAIR,SOIL,WATERANDCROPSFREEFROMCHEMICALSORGANICFARMERSALSOUSEMANYOTHERMETHODSTOKEEPTHESOILFERTILETHEYOFTENCHANGETHEKNDOFCROPINEACHFIELDEVERYFEWYEARS,FOREXAMPLE,GROWINGCORNORWHEATANDTHENTHENEXTYEARPEASORSOYBEANSCROPSSUCHASPEASORSOYBEANSPUTIMPORTANTMINERALSBACKINTOTHESOIL,MAKINGITREADYFORCROPSSUCHASWHEATORCORNTHATNEEDRICHANDFERTILESOILORGANICFARMERSALSOPLANTCROPSTOUSEDIFFERENTLEVELSOFSOIL,FOREXAMPLE,PLANTINGPEANUTSTHATUSETHEGROUNDSSURFACEFOLLOWEDBYVEGETABLESTHATPUTDOWNDEEPROOTSSOMEORGANICFARMERSPREFERPLANTINGGRASSBETWEENCROPSTOPREVENTWINDORWATERFROMCARRYINGAWAYTHESOIL,ANDTHENLEAVINGITINTHEGROUNDTOBECOMEANATURALFERTILIZERFORTHENEXTYEARSCROPTHESEMANYDIFFERENTORGANICFARMINGMETHODSHAVETHESAMEGOALTOGROWGOODFOODANDAVOIDDAMAGINGTHEENVIRONMENTORPEOPLESHEALTHANEARLYFARMERPIONEERSOMEPEOPLETHOUGHTJIASIXIEWASALUCKYMANHEHADWORKEDFORTHEEMPERORANDWHENHEGOTOLD,HEWASABLETOGOHISHOMETOWNTORELAXJIASIXIE,HOWEVER,HADOTHERPLANSHEHADALWAYSBEENINTERESTEDINAGRICULTUREANDINTENDEDTODOSOMETHINGTOMAKECHINESEFARMINGEVENBETTERJIASIXIELIVEDINTHESIXCENTURYADHEWASBORNINYIDUINSHANDONGPROVINCEANDWORKEDINGAOYANG,WHICHISALSOINSHANGDONGASHERODETHROUGHTHECOUNTRYSIDEONHISJOURNEYSFORHISWORKHELOOKEDOUTATTHEFIELDSSOMEOFTHEMWEREGREENERANDHADMORECROPSTHANOTHERSSOMECOWSANDSHEEPLOOKEDHEALTHIERTHANOTHERSTOOHEWASLOSTINTHOUGHWHATCOULDAFARMERDOTOGETGOODCROPSFROMHISFIELDSSURELYTHEREMUSTBERULESTHATWOULDHELPTHEMHETHOUGHTHECOULDUSEHISKNOWLEDGETOFINDOUTTHEBESTWAYSFORFARMERSTOGROWCROPSANDTHENWRITEABOOKTOHELPTHEMINDOINGSOHECOLLECTEDINFORMATIONFROMFARMERSWHODIDWELL,STUDIEDITANDDIDEXPERIMENTSTOFINDTHEBESTWAYFOREXAMPLE,HESTUDIEDWAYSOFKEEPINGSEEDSANDADVISEDFARMERSTOCHOOSESEEDHEADSWHICHHADTHEBESTCOLORTHENHETOLDTHEMTOHANGTHEMTODRYALLWINTERTHENEXTSPRINGTHESEEDSSHOULDBEKNOCKEDOUTOFTHEIRSEEDHEADSANDPLANTEDHESTUDIEDHOWTOIMPROVETHESOILHEADVISEDFARMERSTOCLEARWEEDSFROMTHEGROUNDBEFOREPLANTINGCROPSTHEYCOULDEITHERLETTHEANIMALSEATTHEWEEDSORTURNTHESOILOVERSOTHATTHEWEEDSWERECOVEREDANDWOULDROTTHENHEGAVEADVICEONTURINGOVERTHESOILTHEFIRSTTIMEEACHYEAR,FARMERSSHOULDDIGDEEPLY,BUTTHESECONDTIMESHOULDBELESSDEEPTHEREFORETHEAUTUMNPLOUGHINGOFTHESOILSHOULDBEDEEPERTHANTTHESPRINGPLOUGHINGHESUGGESTEDCHANGINGCROPSINTHEFIELDEVERYYEARRIVEONEYEARANDWHEATTHENEXTSOTHATTHEYWOULDALWAYSGETGOODHARVESTSTHEYSHOULDALSOGROWDIFFERENTPLANTSNEXTTOEACHOTHERINTHEFIELDHEALSOGAVEADIVEONHOWTOFISH,KEEPAGARDENANDEVENMAKEWINEHEWROTEDOWNHISINABOOKCALLEDQIMINYAOSHU,WHICHWASCONSIDEREDANIMPORTANTSUMMARYOFTHEKNOWLEDGEOFFARMINGFORCENTURIESAFTERJIASIXIEDIED,ITWASSTUDIEDBYCHINESEFARMERSANDSTUDENTSOFAGRICULTUREUNIT3AMASTEROFNONVERBALHUMOURASVICTORHUGOONCESAID,“LAUGHTERISTHESUNTHATDRIVESWINTERFROMTHEHUMANFACE”,ANDUPTONOWNOBODYHASBEENABLETODOTHISBETTERTHANCHARLIECHAPLINHEBRIGHTENEDTHELIVESOFAMERICANSANDBRITISHTHROUGHTWOWORLDWARSANDTHEHARDYEARSINBETWEENHEMADEPEOPLELAUGHATATIMEWHENTHEYFELTDEPRESSED,SOTHEYCOULDFEELMORECONTENTWITHTHEIRLIVESNOTTHATCHARLIESOWNLIFEWASEASYHEWASBORNINAPOORFAMILYIN1889HISPARENTSWEREBOTHPOORMUSICHALLPERFORMERSYOUMAYFINDITASTONISHINGTHATCHARLIEWASTAUGHTTOSINGASSOONASHECOULDSPEAKANDDANCEASSOONASHECOULDWALKSUCHTRAININGWASCOMMONINACTINGFAMILIESATTHATTIME,ESPECIALLYWHENTHEFAMILYINCOMEWASOFTENUNCERTAINUNFORTUNATELYHISFATHERDIED,LEAVINGTHEFAMILYEVENWORSEOFF,SOCHARLIESPENTHISCHILDHOODLOOKINGAFTERHISSICKMOTHERANDHISBROTHERBYHISTEENS,CHARLIEHAD,THROUGHHISHUMOUR,BECOMEONEOFTHEMOSTPOPULARCHILDACTORSINENGLANDHECOULDMIMEANDACTTHEFOOLDOINGORDINARYEVERYDAYTASKSNOONEWASEVERBOREDWATCHINGHIMHISSUBTLEACTINGMADEEVERYTHINGENTERTAININGASTIMEWENTBY,HEBEGANMAKINGFILMSHEGREWMOREANDMOREPOPULARASHISCHARMINGCHARACTER,THELITTLETRAMP,BECAMEKNOWNTHROUGHOUTTHEWORLDTHETRAMP,APOOR,HOMELESSMANWITHAMOUSTACHE,WORELARGETROUSERS,WORNOUTSHOESANDASMALLROUNDBLACKHATHEWALKEDAROUNDSTIFFLYCARRYINGAWALKINGSTICKTHISCHARACTERWASASOCIALFAILUREBUTWASLOVEDFORHISOPTIMISMANDDETERMINATIONTOOVERCOMEALLDIFFICULTIESHEWASTHEUNDERDOGWHOWASKINDEVENWHENOTHERSWEREUNKINDTOHIMHOWDIDTHELITTLETRAMPMAKEASADSITUATIONENTERTAININGHEREISANEXAMPLEFROMONEOFHISMOSTFAMOUSFILMS,THEGOLDRUSHITISTHEMIDNINETEENTHCENTURYANDGOLDHASJUSTBEENDISCOVEREDINCALIFORNIALIKESOMANYOTHERS,THELITTLETRAMPANDHISFRIENDHAVERUSHEDTHEREINSEARCHOFGOLD,BUTWITHOUTSUCCESSINSTEADTHEYAREHIDINGINASMALLHUTONTHEEDGEOFAMOUNTAINDURINGASNOWSTORMWITHNOTHINGTOEATTHEYARESOHUNGRYTHATTHEYTRYBOILINGAPAIROFLEATHERSHOESFORTHEIRDINNERCHARLIEFIRSTPICKSOUTTHELACESANDEATSTHEMASIFTHEYWERESPAGHETTITHENHECUTSOFFTHELEATHERTOPOFTHESHOESASIFITWERETHEFINESTSTEAKFINALLYHETRIESCUTTINGANDCHEWINGTHEBOTTOMOFTHESHOEHEEATSEACHMOUTHFULWITHGREATENJOYMENTTHEACTINGISSOCONVINCINGTHATITMAKESYOUBELIEVETHATITISONEOFTHEBESTMEALSHEHASEVERTASTEDCHARLIECHAPLINWROTE,DIRECTEDANDPRODUCEDTHEFILMSTHESTARREDININ1972HEWASGIVENASPECIALOSCARFORHISOUTSTANDINGWORKINFILMSHELIVEDINENGLANDANDTHEUSABUTSPENDHISLASTYEARSINSWITZERLAND,WHEREHEWASBURIEDIN1977HEISLOVEDANDREMEMBEREDASAGREATACTORWHOCOULDINSPIREPEOPLEWITHGREATCONFIDENCEANAPRILFOOLSJOKETHENOODLEHARVESTAPRILFOOLSDAY,ORAPRIL1ST,ISKNOWNINMANYCOUNTRIESASADAYFORPLAYINGJOKESONOTHERSITISUSUALLYATIMEWHENCHILDRENMAKEFUNOFEACHOTHER,BUTSOMETIMESOTHERPEOPLECANGETCAUGHTINTHEFUNTOOONEOFTHEMOSTFAMOUSJOKESINENGLANDTOOKPLACEONBRITISHTELEVISIONIN1957ITWASAMONDAYNIGHTWHENTHEREWEREALWAYSMANYSERIOUSPROGRAMMESONTHETELEVISIONONEOFTHEMWASCALLEDPANORAMA,THISSHOWEXPLOREDPROBLEMSANDPROGRESSALLOVERTHEWORLD,SONOBODYWASSURPRISEDWHENITBEGANWITHAREPORTONTHEEXCELLENTNOODLEHARVESTINTHESOUTHSWITZERLANDTHEPROGRAMMEMENTIONEDTWOREASONSFORTHEGOODCROPANUNUSUALLYWARMWINTERANDTHEDISAPPEARANCEOFTHEINSECTTHATATTACKEDTHENOODLECROPEVERYYEARTHEREPORTERSHOWEDMANYNOODLETREESWITHTHEFARMERSPULLINGNOODLESOFFTHEMANDPUTTINGTHEMINTOBASKETSTHEPEOPLEWATCHINGWERETOLDTHATTHEYMAYNOTHAVEHEARDOFNOODLESFROMTHISPARTOFTHEWORLDBECAUSENOODLESWEREGROWNASPARTOFSMALLFAMILYBUSINESSESTHEPROGRAMMEMAKERSMAKERSREALIZEDTHATPEOPLEMIGHTWONDERWHYNOODLESWEREALWAYSTHESAMESIZESOTHATTHEYEXPLAINEDTHAT“ITWASTHERESULTOFMANYYEARSPATIENTRESEARCHWITHTHETREETOPRODUCENOODLESOFEXACTLYTHESAMELENGTH”BUTEVENSOTHEYEXPLAINED,THELIFEOFANOODLEFARMERWASNOTEASY“THELASTTWOWEEKSOFMARCHAREANANXIOUSTIMEFORNOODLEFARMERSTHEREISALWAYSACHANCEOFVERYCOLDWEATHERSPOILINGTHEIRCROPTHENITISDIFFICULTFORTHEMTOGETTOPPRICESONTHEMARKETS”MANYPEOPLEINENGLANDBELIEVEDTHISSTORYTHEYRANGTHEBBCTOFINDOUTHOETOGROWTHEIROWNNOODLETREETHEYWERETOLDTO“PLACEAPIECEOFNOODLEINATINOFTOMATOSAUCEANDHOPEFORTHEBEST”THISMAYSEEMVERYSILLY,BUTINTHE1950SVERYFEWBRITISHPEOPLETRAVELLEDABOARDFORTHEIRHOLIDAYSANDEVENFEWEROFTHEMATENOODLESSOITSEEMEDPOSSIBLETOIMAGINETHATNOODLESGREWONTREELIKEAPPLES,PEARSANDNUTSPEOPLEALSOTRUSTEDTHEPANORAMAPROGRAMMEFORITSCAREFULRESEARCHANDSERIOUSINFORMATIONSOTHEYWERESHOCKEDTOFINDTHENEXTDAYTHATTHEYHADALLBELIEVEDANAPRILFOOLSJOKEEVENTODAYTHEREPORTOFTHENOODLEHARVESTISREMEMBEREDASONEOFTHEBESTAPRILFOOLSJOKESEVERUNIT4COMMUNICATIONNOPROBLEMYESTERDAY,ANOTHERSTUDENTANDI,REPRESENTINGOURUNIVERSITYSSTUDENTASSOCIATION,WENTTOTHECAPITALINTERNATIONALAIRPORTTOMEETTHISYEARSINTERNATIONALSTUDENTSTHEYWERECOMINGTOSTUDYATBEIJINGUNIVERSITYWESHOULDTAKETHEMFIRSTTOTHEIRDORMITORIESANDTHENTOTHESTUDENTCANTEEAFTERANHOUROFWAITINGFORTHEIRFLIGHTTOARRIVE,ISAWSEVERALYOUNGPEOPLEENTERTHEWAITINGAREALOOKINGAROUNDCURIOUSLYISTOODFORAMINUTEWATCHINGTHEMANDTHENWENTTOGREETTHEMTHEFIRSTPERSONTOARRIVEWASTONYGARCIAFROMCOLUMBIA,CLOSELYFOLLOWEDBYJULIASMITHFROMBRITAINAFTERIMETTHEMANDTHENINTRODUCEDTHEMTOEACHOTHER,IWASVERYSURPRISEDTONYAPPROACHEDJULIA,TOUCHEDHERSHOULDERANDKISSEDHERONTHECHEEKSHESTEPPEDBACKAPPEARINGSURPRISEDANDPUTUPHERHANDS,ASIFINDEFENCEIGUESSEDTHATTHEREWASPROBABLYAMAJORMISUNDERSTANDINGTHENAKIRANAGATAFROMJAPANCAMEINSMILING,TOGETHERWITHGEORGECOOKFROMCANADAASTHEYWEREINTRODUCED,GEORGEREACHEDHISHANDOUTTOTHEJAPANESESTUDENTJUSTATTHATMOMENT,HOWEVER,AKIRABOWEDSOHISNOSETOUCHEDGEORGESMOVINGHANDHELPSCROPSGROWSTRONGANDHEALTHYORGANICFARMERS,THEREFORE,OFTENPREFERUSINGNATURALWASTEFROMANIMALSASFERTILIZERTHEYFEELTHATTHISMAKESTHESOILINTHEIRFIELDSRICHERINMINERALSANDSOMOREFERTILETHISALSOKEEPSTHEAIR,SOIL,WATERANDCROPSFREEFROMCHEMICALSORGANICFARMERSALSOUSEMANYOTHERMETHODSTOKEEPTHESOILFERTILETHEYOFTENCHANGETHEKNDOFCROPINEACHFIELDEVERYFEWYEARS,FOREXAMPLE,GROWINGCORNORWHEATANDTHENTHENEXTYEARPEASORSOYBEANSCROPSSUCHASPEASORSOYBEANSPUTIMPORTANTMINERALSBACKINTOTHESOIL,MAKINGITREADYFORCROPSSUCHASWHEATORCORNTHATNEEDRICHANDFERTILESOILORGANICFARMERSALSOPLANTCROPSTOUSEDIFFERENTLEVELSOFSOIL,FOREXAMPLE,PLANTINGPEANUTSTHATUSETHEGROUNDSSURFACEFOLLOWEDBYVEGETABLESTHATPUTDOWNDEEPROOTSSOMEORGANICFARMERSPREFERPLANTINGGRASSBETWEENCROPSTOPREVENTWINDORWATERFROMCARRYINGAWAYTHESOIL,ANDTHENLEAVINGITINTHEGROUNDTOBECOMEANATURALFERTILIZERFORTHENEXTYEARSCROPTHESEMANYDIFFERENTORGANICFARMINGMETHODSHAVETHESAMEGOALTOGROWGOODFOODANDAVOIDDAMAGINGTHEENVIRONMENTORPEOPLESHEALTHANEARLYFARMERPIONEERSOMEPEOPLETHOUGHTJIASIXIEWASALUCKYMANHEHADWORKEDFORTHEEMPERORANDWHENHEGOTOLD,HEWASABLETOGOHISHOMETOWNTORELAXJIASIXIE,HOWEVER,HADOTHERPLANSHEHADALWAYSBEENINTERESTEDINAGRICULTUREANDINTENDEDTODOSOMETHINGTOMAKECHINESEFARMINGEVENBETTERJIASIXIELIVEDINTHESIXCENTURYADHEWASBORNINYIDUINSHANDONGPROVINCEANDWORKEDINGAOYANG,WHICHISALSOINSHANGDONGASHERODETHROUGHTHECOUNTRYSIDEONHISJOURNEYSFORHISWORKHELOOKEDOUTATTHEFIELDSSOMEOFTHEMWEREGREENERANDHADMORECROPSTHANOTHERSSOMECOWSANDSHEEPLOOKEDHEALTHIERTHANOTHERSTOOHEWASLOSTINTHOUGHWHATCOULDAFARMERDOTOGETGOODCROPSFROMHISFIELDSSURELYTHEREMUSTBERULESTHATWOULDHELPTHEMHETHOUGHTHECOULDUSEHISKNOWLEDGETOFINDOUTTHEBESTWAYSFORFARMERSTOGROWCROPSANDTHENWRITEABOOKTOHELPTHEMINDOINGSOHECOLLECTEDINFORMATIONFROMFARMERSWHODIDWELL,STUDIEDITANDDIDEXPERIMENTSTOFINDTHEBESTWAYFOREXAMPLE,HESTUDIEDWAYSOFKEEPINGSEEDSANDADVISEDFARMERSTOCHOOSESEEDHEADSWHICHHADTHEBESTCOLORTHENHETOLDTHEMTOHANGTHEMTODRYALLWINTERTHENEXTSPRINGTHESEEDSSHOULDBEKNOCKEDOUTOFTHEIRSEEDHEADSANDPLANTEDHESTUDIEDHOWTOIMPROVETHESOILHEADVISEDFARMERSTOCLEARWEEDSFROMTHEGROUNDBEFOREPLANTINGCROPSTHEYCOULDEITHERLETTHEANIMALSEATTHEWEEDSORTURNTHESOILOVERSOTHATTHEWEEDSWERECOVEREDANDWOULDROTTHENHEGAVEADVICEONTURINGOVERTHESOILTHEFIRSTTIMEEACHYEAR,FARMERSSHOULDDIGDEEPLY,BUTTHESECONDTIMESHOULDBELESSDEEPTHEREFORETHEAUTUMNPLOUGHINGOFTHESOILSHOULDBE