【推荐】专题04代词-3年高考2年模拟1年原创备战2017高考精品系列之英语（原卷版）Word版缺答案

1、2016版3年高考2年模拟1年原创精品系列专题04 代词【2017年高考命题预测】 预测今后高考命题将继续对代词在具体、特定语境下灵活运用的考查。特别是不定代词one，the one，ones，the ones与指示代词this，that，these，those，it的用法区别，代词的肯定与否定、全部与部分的用法以及反身代词的惯用语。解答此类试题需要注意：在解题时一定要明确考点，对比分析，对症下药，尤其是要掌握好容易混淆的代词的辨析。【考点定位】2017考纲解读和近几年考点分布代词在近年高考试题中出现频率很高，每年至少测试一道题。一般常见的考点分布在：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词等，

2、尤其是不定代词的考查更是重中之重。预测今后高考命题将继续对代词在具体、特定语境下灵活运用的考查。特别是不定代词one，the one，ones，the ones与指示代词this，that，these，those，it的用法区别，代词的肯定与否定、全部与部分的用法以及反身代词的惯用语。解答此类试题需要注意：在解题时一定要明确考点，对比分析，对症下药，尤其是要掌握好容易混淆的代词的辨析。在语法填空中主要考查代词的不同词形的变化，短文改错中主要考查代词的指代一致问题。【考点pk】 名师考点透祈纵观历年高考试题，代词的主要考点主要集中在以下几个方面：不定代词one，the one, ones, th

3、e ones；物主代词的用法；人称代词主格和宾格的用法；表示两者和多者的不定代词的比较；指示代词 this，that，these, those, it 的用法；another，(the)other(s)， else； the rest 的用法；every-，some-, any-，no与-thing，-one，-body构成的复合不定代词的用法。考点1 人称代词一般地说人称代词作主语时用主格；作宾语时用宾格；作定语时用形容词性物主代词；名词性物主代词可以代替“形容词性物主代词+名词”。但口语中，在无动词的句子里，往往用代词的宾格形式。1用于无谓语的句子中一Does any of you kno

4、w why Jack hasnt come yet?你们有谁知道杰克为什么还没有到吗?一Me我。特别提示答语如果带谓语，就得用主格，如：I can和I do，too/So do I2.表示惊奇、猜疑、反问、不满、厌烦等愔绪Do you have good eyesight, young man?年轻人，你的视力好吗？Me?I can see a sparrow two hundred paces away.我?我能看见一只两百步外的云雀。 (2)what?Me fight a big chap like him? Not me!什么?我同像他那样的大个子打架?不会是我！3.代替as，than等

5、连词之后的主格(多用于口语中，尤其用于句末）Im not as tall as him(he).我没有他个子高。She is much more careful than me(I).她比我细心得多。当这类人称代词带有all，both等同位语时，用宾格的形式就更为常见了。如：He works harder than us all.他比我们所有人学习都刻苦。考点2指不代词1this/these，that/thosethis,these指代下面要说的内容；that，those指代上面陈述过的内容。如：What Id like to say about how to improve our spok

6、en English is like this关于如何提高我们的英语口语，我想说的是这样的。Thats a11Thank you我的话完了。谢谢。(多用于演讲、口头通知的结束语)Salaries are higher here than those in my hometown这里的薪水比我家乡的高。2. 一些习惯说法中this和that的用法比较固定 Whos that?你是谁?(打电话用语）This is Mary.我是Mary。（打电话用语）Thatsall right/OK.不用谢。（对感谢的答语）Thatsnothing.没什么。（对道歉的答语）Thatsthat.就这么定了。（表示

7、决定不能更改) 固Thats all.就这些了。That is那就是.3this，that有时可以用作副词，意为“这么，那么”，用在形容词或副词前作状语，表示程度 It isnt that cold还没那么冷。考点3不定代词以下是几组易混不定代词：1some类不定代词与any类不定代词(1)some类不定代词多用于肯定句中；any类的多用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句中。如：Raise your hands if you have any questions如果你们有问题，请举手。(2)但在表示客气的请求或希望对方给予肯定回答的疑问句中，要用some类的不定代词。如：Would you lik

8、e something to drink?你要喝点什么吗?(3)any类的不定代词用在肯定句中，表示“任何(一个)；任何事情；无论什么”。如：She promised that she could do anything for you她许诺能为你做任何事情。2. All，both, neither, none(l)all指三者或三者以上“都”， both指两者“都” 如：Both(of)his hands were wounded.他的两只手都受伤了。All(of)his fingers were wounded.他的手指都受伤了。(多于两个手指)neither表示“两个都不，常和of连用，

9、放在带有冠词、物主代词或指示代词的复数名词之前，作主语时，谓语动词可以用单数或复数；none表示三个或三个以上“都不”，可用于人，也可用于物，后可接of短语，与复数名词、代词或单数集合名词连用作主语，指人时，谓语动词用单、复数皆可；指物时，只用第三人称单数形式。如：Neitherof the twins is/are correct.那两个双胞胎都不正确。Noneof us has/have ever been to the Great wall.我们没有人去过长城。3any，either，each，every(1)any一般用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中。也可用在肯定句中，以加强语气，表示“任

10、一”的概念；还可以用来修饰可数名词单数，表示三者或三者以上中的“任何一个”。如：I didnt eat any meat我一点儿肉也没吃。4no，none，nothing，nobody(1)no不能单独使用，相当于not a或not any，作定语修饰可数名词或不可数名词。如：You have no sympathy for the sufferings of others你对别人的痛苦没有同情心。(2)none既可以指人，也可以指物，侧重指三者或三者以上的人或物，用于回答how many/much引导的疑问句，可与介词of连用。如：None of the books is suitable

11、for the young这些书都不适合年轻人读。一How many people are there in the room?屋内有多少人?一None没人。(3)nobody指人，用于回答who引导的疑问句；nothing指物，用于回答what引导的疑问句。如：一Who is in the room?谁在屋内?一Nobody没有人。5it，one，ones，that和thoseit特指上文所提到的同一个物，它所代替的名词常由the，this, that等修饰。one指上文提到的同类事物中的一个，不特指，被指代的名词通常由不定代词some或any修饰。如：Whereis that book?

12、I cant find it.那本书在哪儿?我找不到它。I have not got any erasers. Will you please give me one?我没有橡皮，请你给我一块好吗？one与that都可用来代替上文中出现的名词，one前要用定冠词the，有时that和the one 可互换使用。如：The book isnt so interesting as the one/that you borrowed这本书不如你借的那本有趣。(3)但that和one在多数情况下是不能互换的，主要区别在于：that既可代替可数名词，也可代替不可数名词，常要求有后置定语，一般不指人，复数

13、形式为those。one只能代替可数名词单数，复数形式为ones。当可数名词前有形容词修饰时，只能用one，不用that。当of短语作可数名词的后置定语时，用that，不用one。如：The best cigarettes are those from Yunnan最好的香烟是那些来自云南的。The boy told me his story and that of the girl next door这个男孩跟我讲了他以及隔壁那个女孩的故事。Your coat is blue，and my new one is green你的大衣是蓝色的，我的新大衣是绿色的。(4)the ones用来代替上

14、文提到的特指的复数名词，有时可以用those代替，尤其在有后置定语的情况下。如：The books on the desk are better than those/the ones under the desk桌上的那些书比桌下的好。6. another, other, others，moreanother既可以单独使用，也可以用于单数名词前，泛指三者或三者以上中的“另外一个人 或物、还可以用数量词+复数名词”，表示“再，又”。如：Was there another way out?还有别的路出去吗？Wed better wait another five minutes.我们最好再等五分

15、钟。特别提示表示“另外一个学生”只能用another student，不能说成another one student。(2)other不能单独使用，应用于复数名词前，表示另外的某些人或物，也可以用在some，any，no之后，或具体数词之后，再接名词，构成”不定代词或具体数词+other+名词”；接单数名词时，还可以用在冠词the后，特指两个人或物中的另外一个(可以省略为the other)，或特指另外的某些人或物(可以省略为the others)，others泛指”其他的(事物)，别人”。如：one remained and the other went away一个留下了，另一个走了。We

16、 should learn to treat others as equals我们应该学会平等待人。7something，anything，everything，nothing(1)something一般用在肯定句中，也可以用在表示邀请、征询意见的委婉问句中。如：Could you do something for me?请为我做点事好吗?(2)anything用在否定句、疑问句或条件句中。如：There isnt anything inside里面什么也没有。(3)everything意为”一切事物”，可用在肯定句或疑问句中。用于否定句时，表示部分否定；表示全部否定时要用nothing或no

17、t anything。如：Everything is good when new，but friends when old东西是新的好，朋友是老的亲。(谚语)(4)nothing表示”什么也没有”，常用于陈述句，表示否定意义，不能与否定词连用。如：Do nothing by halves凡事不可半途而废。(谚语)Fools learn nothing from wise men，but wise men learn much from fools愚者不学无术，智者不耻下问。(谚语)考点4 反身代词1.反身代词在句子中可以作宾语、表语、并列主语，以及名词、代词的同位语The text itsel

18、f is very easy.这篇课文本身很简单。（作主语的同位语）(Either)Jane or yourself will go there.要么Jane去，要么你自己去。（作并列主语，但不能单独作主语）He is not laughed at that laughs at himself first.自嘲者不会让人嘲笑。Respect yourself, or no one else will respect you.要人尊敬，必须自重。2主语与宾语是同一个人时，应当用反身代词teach oneself，enjoy oneself，help oneself，throw oneself，l

19、ook after oneself3在系动词后作表语，常用于否定句，表示身体不适I dont know whats the matter with meIm not myself today4用在交际英语中Help yourself!随便吃!(宴请礼仪)自己拿吧!Make yourself at home!别拘束!Dont upset yourself!别自寻煨商了15辨别几组搭配by oneself独自，单独；for oneself独自地，靠自己的力量；ofoneselft动地；to oneself独占，独用考点5 it的用法在英语中，运用it的场合较多。从它在句中的作用和意义来看，it的用

20、法可分为三类：1.指代作用（1）用作人称代词，代替前文或后文所提到的同一事物（单数可数名词或不可数名词）。如： Although we cannot see it, there is air all around us.虽然我们看不见空气，担它却在我们的周围。代替前面的整个句子。如：It is said that he has died of a disease，but it isnt true.据说他已经病死了，但这不是真的.(3)用在答语中代替指示代词this，that。如：一What is this?这是什么?一Its a bike是自行车。(4)代替不能或没有必要区分性别的或某些习惯说

21、法中的人。如：The baby cried because it Was hungry婴儿哭是因为饿了。(婴儿习惯上不区分性别)一Who is knocking at the door?谁在敲门?一Its me是我o(5)指环境、情形等。如：I cant stand it any longer我再也不能容忍这种情况了。Take it easy别紧张。It doesnt matter没关系。(6)指度量衡单位、时间、距离、季节、天气及自然现象。如：Its getting colder and colder now现在越来越冷了。It is winter now现在是冬天了。2形式作用形式主语当动

22、词不定式、v.ing形式或从句作主语时，通常把它们放在谓语之后，而用it作句子的形式主语。如:Its no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。It takes three generations to make a gentleman.十年樹木，百年樹人。 (2)形式宾语当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、v-ing形式或宾语从句时，往往把真正的宾语放在补足语后面，而用it作形式宾语，放在宾语补足语之前。如：You must make it clear to them that the situation is serious你必须向他们表明形势是严峻的。)They th

23、ought it difficult to talk to the guests about the recent events他们觉得和客人们谈近来发生的事情很困难。特别提示形式宾语用在“主语+谓语动词+宾语”结构中，谓语动词appreciate，dislike，hate，like，love，make(按时到达，成功)等后接由if或when等引导的从句时，往往在从句前加形式宾语it。如：1 would appreciate it if you paid in cash如果你能支付现金的话，我会不胜感激。The boy likes it when you do that那个男孩喜欢你那样做。3

24、强调作用it可以用来改变句子的结构，使句子的某一成分得到强调。强调句型的基本结构为：It is/was+所强调的成分+that/who/whom+其他成分。【三年高考】 14、15、16高考试题及其解析2016年高考试题【单项填空】【2016浙江】3. In many ways , the education system in the US is not very different from _in the UK.A. that B. this C. one D. it【语法填空】1.【2016全国新课标I】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。On my

25、 recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _68_ (it) mother.4.【2016上海】(B)Do you, for instance, feel that too much is being expected of (37)_, and yet find it impossible to say no? 5.【2016四川】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。By that time,the panda no longer needed

26、 48 (it)mother for food.【短文改错】1.【2016全国新课标I】短文改错（10 分） Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady.2.【2016全国新课标II】短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden you view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books.3.【2016全国新课标III】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）At the first, I tho

27、ught I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself. 4.【2016四川】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）When he came back,I found a bunch of flowers in her hand.5.【2016浙江】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）Every time he arrived home at end of the day ,wed greet her at the door.2015年高考试题一、单项填空1. 2015福建卷 The research group

28、 produced two reports based on the survey, but_ contained any useful suggestions. A. allB. noneC. eitherD. neither22015四川卷 Niki is always full of ideas，but _ is useful to my knowledge.Anothing Bno one Cneither Dnone3. 2015陕西卷 To warm himself, the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot

29、 against_A. another B. the otherC. other D. either4. 2015天津卷 The quality of education in this small school is better than _ in some larger schools. A. that B. one C. it D. this【答案】A52015浙江卷 How would you like _ if you were watching your favourite TV programme and someone came into the room and just

30、shut it off without asking you?Athem BoneCthose Dit6. 2015重庆卷 The meeting will be held in September, but_ knows the date for sure. A. everybody B. nobodyC. anybody D. somebody二、语法填空1.2015全国卷IA few hours 62._， Id been at home in Hong Kong, with 63._(it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh

31、, even with the rain.三、短文改错1.【2015四川】If you are me ,would you talk to him?2.【2015浙江】Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around them. 3.【2015新课标全国II】Five minutes later, Tony saw parents. 2014年高考试题一、单项填空1.【2014全国大纲卷】25.Whos that at the door? _is the milkman.A. He B. It C. Th

32、is D. That2.【2014全国大纲卷】28.I think Mrs. Stark could be _ between 50 and 60 years of age.A. anywhere B. anybodyC. anyhow D. anything3.【2014重庆卷】1. A smile costs _, but gives much. A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything4.【2014山东卷】4. Susan made_ clear to me that she wished to make a new life f

33、or herself. A. that B. this C. it D. her5.【2014江西卷】32. When shall I call, in the morning or afternoon?_. Ill be in all day.A. Any B. None C. Neither D. Either 6.【2014四川卷】1. Shed lived in London and Manchester, but she liked_ and moved to Cambridge.A. both B. neither C. none D. either7.【2014福建卷】21. I

34、n some countries, people eat with chopsticks, while in , knives and forks.A. another B. others C. both D. all8.【2014江苏卷】34. Good families are much to all their members, but _ to none.A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing9.【2014陕西卷】21. Id appreciate _ if you could let me know in advance w

35、hether or not you will come.A. it B. you C. one D. this10.【2014安徽卷】24You can ask anyone for help. here is willing to lend you a hand.A. One B. No one C. Everyone D. Someone11.【2014浙江卷】3.An average of just 18.75cm of rain fell last year, making _ the driest year since Californiabecame a state in 1850

36、. A. each B. it C. this D. one二、语法填空1.【2014新课标全国II】 A woman on the bus shouted , “Oh dear “ It is 69 （I）”.三、短文改错1【2014辽宁】We appreciate our apologies and goodwill, but we hope that you can figure a good way of settling the matter.2.2014陕西卷Neither of the arrows hit the target. 3.2014四川卷 If its a false

37、 alarm and there is no fire, your teacher will lead us back to the classroom.2013年高考试题【2013山东卷】21. Ive lived in New York and Chicago, but dont like _ of them very much. A. eitherB. any C. each D. another 【2013江西卷】23._ can be good at something for 40 years if he doesnt love it.A. AnybodyB. EverybodyC

38、. NobodyD. Somebody【2013四川卷】2. The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal than _ on the small ones. A. one B. this C. that D. it【2013江西卷】26.There are a small number of people involved, possibly _twenty.A. as few asB. as little asC. as many asD. as much as【2013辽宁卷】29.To her joy,Della e

39、arned first the trust of her students and of her colleagues.A.that B.one C.ones D.those【2013陕西卷】22.Although Rosemary had suffered from a serious illness for years, she lost_ of her enthusiasm for life. A. some B. neither C .none D. all 【2013重庆卷】31.Recycling is one way to protect the environment; reu

40、sing is _. A. anotherB. the otherC. one anotherD. one【2013安徽卷】27. This project requires close teamwork. Will be achieved unless we work well together.A. Nothing B. Anything C. Something D. Everything【2013全国新课标II】14. Its an either-or situation - we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday

41、but we cant do .A.others B. either C.another D. Both【13浙江卷】Half of _surveyed in 16 countries say they go first to their closest friend to share their deepest wishes and darkest fears.A. these B. some C. ones D. those 【2013天津卷】12. At our factory there are a few machines similar to _ described in this

42、 magazine. A. themB. theseC. thoseD. ones【2013上海卷】26. Those who smoke heavily should remind _ of health, the bad smell and the feelings of other people. A. theirsB. themC. themselvesD. oneself【两年模拟】2015、2016名校模拟题及其答案解析2016年模拟题【单项填空】1. 【江苏省苏州中学2016届高三10月月考】How would you like _ if you were watching yo

43、ur favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you? A. them B. one C. those D. it2.【浙江省绍兴市第一中学2016届高三下学期开学回头考】The weather turns out to be fine. We can depend on _ that the goods will be shipped to the flooded area on time. A. it B. / C. this D. which 3.【浙江建

44、人高复学校2016届高三上学期第一次月考】11. Shed lived in London and Manchester, but she liked _ and moved to Cambridge.A. bothB. neitherC. none D. either4.【江苏省扬州中学2016届高三上学期10月月考】31.-How do you like the food and service in our canteen? -Much better than _ used to be.A. those B. one C. they D. that 5.【北京市朝阳区2015-2016学

45、年度第一学期期末高三年级统一】22. The exam was easy, wasnt it?Yes, but I dont think _ could pass it.A. somebody B. anybody C. everybody D. nobody【语法填空】1.【湖北省武汉市武昌区2016届高三元月调研】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（ 1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 For more than six million American children, coming home after school means 61 (come) to an empty hous

46、e. Some deal with the situation by watching TV. Some may hang out outside. 62 all of them have something in common. They spend part of each day alone. They 63 (call) latchkey children-they are children who look after themselves while their parents work. And their bad situation has become a subject o

47、f concern. A headmaster of an elementary school said that there was a school rule against wearing jewelry. A lot of kids had chains around their necks with keys 64 (attach). He was constantly telling them to put them inside shirts. There were so many keys, 65 he slowly learned were house keys. He be

48、gan talking to the children who had them. Then he learned the influence working couples and single parents were having 66 their children. Fear is the biggest problem faced by children at home alone. Many had nightmares and were worried about their own 67 (safe). The most common way latchkey children

49、 deal with this is by hiding. It might be in a bathroom, under a bed 68 in a closet. The second is TV. Theyll watch it with the volume turned up high. Most parents dont realize 69 (it) effect on their children and most parents are slow to admit the fact 70 they leave their children alone. 2.【2016届河北

50、省保定市高三期末调研】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Polar bears live in such environment that is too cold for most animals. For much of the year, they live and hunt on the 61 (freeze) Arctic sea ice. Nature has prepared them for the cold conditions but nothing has prepared them for the danger 62 threate

51、ns(威胁) their only home. The polar bears world is melting. Polar bears 63 (suffer) in a warmer world are in danger. Studies show that the polar ice 64 (reduce) by 9.8% every 10 years since 1978.At present , about 20,000 to 25,000 polar bears live in the Arctic. Polar bears depend on the sea ice for t

52、heir 65 (survive). “The sea ice is more than just the platform that the bears walk 66 ,” says Andrew Derocher, who studies North American polar bear populations. “Without 67 , they cant exist.” Some melting and refreezing of the polar ice is natural. But in a 68 (warm) world, these cycles speed up,

53、and bears have less time to hunt. 69 (normal), they have three months in the spring when they gain more weight and the extra fat is used later, 70 the bears are not actively hunting. Therefore, it is urgent to protect the environment and maintain the ecological balance.3.【四川省资阳市2016届高三上学期第二次诊断】阅读下面材

54、料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。One sentence from the news in Washington has remained in my mind since a trip last summer: “When you see people run against the crowd escaping 61 the danger, they are 62 (probable) firefighters, police or journalists.” I think this is most true for the firefighters. Whenever and wherever 63 (disaster) happen 9/11 Attacks in New York 14 years ago or the explosion in Tianjin on Wednesday night it is always the firefighters 64 take the lead t