2012届高考英语考前冲刺精选语法知识定语从句难点解析

1、2012届高考英语考前冲刺精选语法知识定语从句难点解析 xxxx年。 第 3 页 共 5 页 (先行词在从句中作主语) that is the factory that/which produces cars.那是生产小汽车的工厂。(先行词在从句中作主语) that is the factory (that / which) he visited yesterday. 那是他昨天参观的工厂。(先行词在从句中作宾语) he gave the reason that / which was unreasonable. 他给出一个没道理的理由。(先行词在从句中作主语) what is the rea

2、son (that/which) he raised? 他提出的理由是什么?(先行词在从句中作宾语) 三、了解关系副词与关系代词转换规律 关系代词whom或which在定语从句中作介词宾语时,介词可放在后面,也可提前构成介词+关系代词whom (先行词指人)/which(先行词指物)引导定语从句(这种方法更为正式)。例: mary is the girl whom i borrowed a book from. = mary is the girl from whom i borrowed a book. 玛丽就是我向她借书的那个女孩。 is this the room that/which

3、he once lived in? = is this the room in which he once lived? 这是他曾经住过的房子吗? 常见的有以下几种情况: 1. where=in/on which 例: this is the room where / in which he lives.这是他住的房间。 i can see the playground where / on which they do sports.我能看见他们进行运动的操场。 2. when= on/in/at which 例: i still remember the year when/ in whic

4、h i joined the party.我仍然记得入党的那一年。 i still remember the day when/on which i joined the party. 我仍然记得入党的那一天。 i still remember the hour when/at which the rocket was launched.我仍然记得那个火箭发射的时刻。 3. why=for which 例: this is the reason why / for which he was killed.这是他被杀害的原因。 但下列情况下介词不能提前: 用who代替whom,用that代替wh

5、ich时,介词不能提前。例: hes the boy who i learned english from.这是我向他学英语的男孩。 this should be the place that tom sent the parcel to. 这应是汤姆送包裹的地方。 当whom、which省去时介词不能提前。例: is he the boy you went there with?他是和你一起去那儿的男孩吗? this is the room he lived in. 这是他住过的房间。 当whom, which作为含有介词的动词短语的宾语时,介词一般来说不能拆开提前。例: youre the

6、 very man whom im looking for. 你正是我在找的那个人。 this is the program which he listened to. 这就是他听过的节目。 再看下面几种结构: (一)介词+whose引导的定语从句 whose引导定语从句时,可出现创新句型:介词+whose引导定语从句。解这种定语从句时需弄清从句的动词与先行词、whose后边的名词及定语从句主语之间的关系,并发挥合理想象,不难发现其中正确的逻辑关系。例: she is the girl to whose father i talked yesterday. 她就是昨天我和其父亲谈话的女孩。 h

7、e is the boy for whose boss i work. 他就是我为其老板打工的男孩。 (二)复杂介词+whom/which引导定语从句 i stay at the hotel at the back of which is a small garden. 我住在后面有一座花园的旅馆。 第 4 页 共 5 页 (三)数词(不定量数词)/ 含所属关系名词+of whom/which引导定语从句。例: she has many books, only one of which is interesting. 她有许多书,只有一本是有趣的。 四、明确when, where引导定语从句需

8、特别注意的情况 1. when引导定语从句需特别注意的情况 (1)当先行词为time,time前面有序数词或last 加以修饰时,应用that而不用when引导定语从句。例: this is the first/last time that i shall give you a lesson. 这是我第一次/最后一次给你们上课。 this is the third time that he has been to beijing. 这是他第三次去北京。 (2)当time前面没有序数词或last加以修饰时,既可用when又可用that引导定语从句。例: can you tell me the exact time when/that the sports meeting will be held? 你告诉我运动会举行的确切时间吗? 2.where引导定语从句需特别注意的情况 当point, situation等词作先行词引导定语从句时表抽象的地点,若在定语从句中作地点状语,应由where引导定语从句。 can you think out a situation wh