译林版七年级starter各单元重点语法讲解.doc

1、译林版七年级starter各单元重点语法讲解第一课时：名词单复数讲解及练习 一、名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，不可数名词没有单复数，一律看作单数。 问：可数名词的单数前什么时候用a，什么时候用an？ 答：以元音音标（或音素）开头的用an。 以辅音音标（或音素）开头的用a。 注意：我们看的是音标（或音素），而不是元音字母。练习选择a或an或不填（用/表示） 1. pen 2. _ bag 3. apple 4. big apple 5. banana 6. orange 7. oranges 8. orange pen 二、可数名词从单数变成复数，变形规则如下： 单数形式读音单数变复数（例词

2、）一般名词后+s在清辅音后读s在浊辅音后和元音后发zstamp-_ boy-_boat-_ book-_在以s,x,ch,sh等结尾的词+es读作izbus-_, box-_watch-_ class-_以辅音字母+o结尾的多数加es读ztomato-_hero(英雄)_potato-_以f或fe结尾的名词大多数变f或fe为-ves-vesvzknife-_ leaf-_wife-_ life-_以辅音字母加y结尾时变y为i在加es,如果y前为元音字母时直接加s-iesizfactory-_ baby-_library-_ city-_boy-_不规则名词复数：man-men, woman-w

3、omen, policeman（男警察）-policemen, policewoman（女警察）-policewomen, mouse-mice，child（孩子）-childrenfoot-feet,. tooth-teeth,fish-fish, sheep（羊）-sheep people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese,当people后加上s时即peoples表示“民族”例如：There are 56 peoples in China. 中国有56个民族。三、以下词为常为不可数名词。Water(水) milk(牛奶) tea(茶) r

4、ice(米饭) orange（橙汁）juice（果汁）bread（面包）Exercise一、写出下列各词的复数 I _this _that_watch _child _photo _diary _day_ foot_ book_ dress _tooth_ sheep _box_thief _ peach_ sandwich _man_ woman_二、翻译词组及完成句子。1、18张课桌_ 2、13张图画_ 3、15块橡皮_4、20个学生_ 5、3座教学楼_ 6、两座图书馆_7、一个餐厅_ 8、4间阅览室_ 9、7个铅笔盒_10、-How many _(篮球场)are there in you

5、r school?-There are two_(篮球场)and a_(足球场)in it.11、There isnt a(图书馆)_but there are some_(电脑室).12、-Are there any (美术教室) _in your school?-Yes,there is an _(美术教室) 注意be 动词遇到名词时的运用: 单数名词用is, 复数名词全用are. 第二课时：人称代词主格及其形容词性物主代词人称单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称主格我你他她它我们你们他(她)们形容词性物主代词myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性

6、物主代词mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs汉语我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他（她一、用适当的人称代词填空：1._ismyaunt.Weoftenvisit_. ( she )2. Chinaisadevelopingcountry._isintheeastofAsia. ( its )3.Whatdayis_today?_isThursday. (its)5.Iownabluebike.Theredoneisnt_. ( I )6.Thesenewhousesaresonice._areveryexpensive.( them )7.Thefisherme

7、ncaughtalotoffish,didnt_? ( them )8.LingLingisagirl._studiesinaprimaryschool._brotherliveswith_andhelps_with_ lessons. ( she )9.Mikeismyclassmate._isgoodatEngliush. ( his )10.Katewantsaglassofmilk.Willyoupassitto_? ( she )11.Whatstheweatherliketoday?_iscloudy. ( its )二、用形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词填空1.Iateall_s

8、andwichesyesterday.( I )CanIhaveoneof_? ( you )2.Georgehaslost_ ( his )pen.AskMaryif（是否）shewilllendhim_. ( she )3.JackhasadogandsohaveI._( he ) dogand_ ( I )hadafight(打架).4.Theteacherwantsyoutoreturnthatbookof_( he )5.Mr.andMrs.Greenandafriendof_arecomingtoseeus. ( they )6.WearegoingtoParistostaywit

9、haFrenchfriendof_. (we )三、用适当的人称代词和物主代词填空A.从括号内选择正确的代词填空1.Yourfootballclothesareonthedesk.Pleaseput_(they，them，their，theirs)away.2.(We，Us，Our，Ours)_EnglishteacherisMrs.Green.Wealllike_(she，her，hers).3.(I，Me，My，Mine)_cantgetmykite.Couldyouhelp_(I，me，my，mine)?4.Tomcantgetdownfromthetree.Canyouhelp_(he

10、，him，his)?6.Wecantfindourbikes.Canyouhelp_(we，us，our，ours)?5.Theseare_(he，him，his)planes.Thewhiteonesare_(I，me，mine).B.填入正确的人称代词和物主代词1.Thisisnt_knife._isgreen. ( she )2.Theseareyourbooks，Kate.Put_inthedesk，please. (they )3._mustlookafter_things. ( you )4.WeiFang，isthat_ruler?Yes，its.( you )5.Theywan

11、tafootball.Give_thegreenone，please. ( they)6.ItsLinTaosbag.Giveitto_. ( he )7.Isthispencil-boxLiLeis?No，_isverynew. ( he )8.Thisboxistooheavy.Icantcarry_.( it )Dontworry，Let_( I )help_. ( you)9._isaboy_nameisMike.Mikesfriendslike_verymuch. ( he )10.Mysisterisin_room._isateacher. ( she )11.Janeisalit

12、tlegirl._motherisanurse. ( she )12.Wearein_classroom._classroomisbig. ( we)13.Myfatherandmotherareteachers._arebusy ( them)14.Youareapupil.Is_brotherapupil,too? ( you )四、用括号中的适当形式填空（1）Arethese_（you）pencils?Yes,theyare_（our）.（2）Whoseisthispencil?Its_（I）.（3）Ilove_（they）verymuch.（4）Sheis_（I）classmate.（

13、5）MissLioftenlooksafter_（she）brother.（6）Arethese_they）bags？No,theyarent_（their）.Theyare_（we）.五、根据句意用适当的人称代词、物主代词填空：1.Maryworksinabookstore._likes_workverymuch.2.JohnandIareinthesameschool._gotoschooltogether.3.Everybodylikesthatsport,do_?4.Sheisafriendof_.Wegottoknoweachothertwoyearsago.5.Hersisterm

14、akesall_owndresses.6.Ihavemanyfriends.Someof_aregoodatEnglish.7.MayIuse_bike?_isbroken.六、选择填空1.Whossingingoverthere?_isSandyssister.A.ThatB.ItC.SheD.This2._willspendthesummerholidayinHawaii.A.She,youandIB.You,sheandIC.I,youandsheD.Her,meandyou3.Betweenyouand_,heisnotarealfriend.A.meB.IC.heD.his4.Myu

15、ncleboughtanewbikefor_.A.theirsB.theyC.meD.I6.Heresapostcardforyou,Jim!Oh,_isfrommyfriend,Mary.A.heB.itC.sheD.its8.LittleBabyknowsthatheshouldnottakethethingsthatdonotbelongto_.A.heB.hisC.herD.him9.Willanyonegoonatripwithhim?Not_.A.IB.meC.mineD.he10.Amongthoselovelytoys,thebrowntoydogwasgivenby_.A.h

16、eB.hisC.himD.hes第三课时：There be结构及用法1.There be+名词+地点，表示某处有某物，某人，某事，there是引导词，无实义，具体有3种句子结构：There is +可数名词单数+地点e.g.There is an apple on the desk.There is +不可数名词+地点 e.g.There is some water in the cup.There are+可数名词复数+地点e.g.There are two cats behind the door.其否定形式是直接在be动词后加not, e.g. There isnt an apple on the desk.一般疑问句是把be动词提前e.g. Is there an apple on the desk?肯定回是Yes,th