动词-ing形式作状语

1、.,V-ing 形式作状语,动词的ing形式作状语时，通常都表示主语正在进行的另一动作，用来对谓语动词表示的动作加以修饰或作为陪衬。它可表示时间、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随动作，相当于相应的状语从句。,.,一、表示时间（置于句首，也可置于句末）,译为_.相当于_引导的状语从句。,1. Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy.,2. Seeing its mother, the baby smiled.,= the news, they all jumped with joy.,当时,When/while,When they heard,= Whe

2、n the baby saw its mother, the baby smiled,.,二、表示原因（多置于句首）译为_.相当于_引导的状语从句。 1. Being ill, he went home.=_ he went home,Not having received any news from home for a long time, she is becoming more and more homesick.,因为，由于,as/because,As he was ill,= As she hasnt received any news from home for a long t

3、ime, ,.,三、表示条件（多置于句首）译为_.相当于_引导的状语从句。,Working hard, you will succeed. =_, you will succeed.,如果干的话,if,If you work hard,.,1. The snow lasted a week, resulting in a serious traffic confusion in the whole area.,四、表示结果（多置于句末）译为_.相当于_引导的状语从句。,=The snow lasted a week, _a serious traffic confusion in the wh

4、ole area.,2. His parents died, leaving him a lot of money.= His parents died, _ they _him a lot of money.,所以，结果,so/as a result,so it resulted in,as a result,left,.,五、表示让步（多置于句首）,译为_.相当于_引导的状语从句。,Having nothing to do here, we cant leave here. = _nothing to do here, we cant leave here.,尽管,although/tho

5、ugh,Although we have,.,六、表示方式和伴随（多置于句末）,-ing形式作方式状语或伴随状语，用来对谓语动词表示的动作或状态加以说明。一般来说，-ing形式表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。它没有相应的状语从句可以代替。判断原则是:主句已有主谓宾，再出现动词且又无_连接，即是_, 主动用_;被动用_; 未发生/目的用_.,1. She sat at the desk _a newspaper.,=She was sitting at the desk and _ a newspaper.(read ),and/or/but/so,非谓语,-ing,done,to d

6、o,reading,read,.,2. Many people come to the theme parks _(look)for thrills and entertainment.,3. Theme parks try to make sure visitors leave _(know) more about their theme.,4. A second Disneyland was opened on the east coast, _(cost)between $500 and $600 million.,5. They walked on the way home, _(si

7、ng)and laughing.,looking,knowing,costing,singing,.,注意： 五特殊：(1)“连词 + v-ing形式”作状语 while, when, before, although, unless等引导的状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，在简化为v-ing形式作状语时，通常可保留原连词，形成“_”结构,从句主语必须_。如： Although we have nothing to do here, we cant leave here. = _ nothing to do here, we cant leave here. 1. When they hear

8、d the news, they all jumped with joy. =_ the news, they all jumped with joy. 2. When it saw its mother, the baby smiled. =_ its mother, it smiled.,连词 + v-ing,去掉,Although having,When hearing,When seeing,.,(2) 若作状语的现在分词的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致，在简化为v-ing形式作状语时，要去掉_，分词就要带上自己的_,构成_。,When the meeting was over, we al

9、l drove home. =_, we all drove home. If time permits, I will attend the meeting to be held tomorrow. =_, I will attend the meeting to be held tomorrow,原连词,逻辑主语/原从句,独立主格结构/n+非谓语（doing/done/to do）,主句主语是_从句主语是_.,The meeting being over,Time permitting,主句主语是_从句主语是_.,.,True or false:,When his homework had

10、 been finished, he went home. = When his homework having been finished, he went home. ( ) = His homework having been finished, he went home. ( ),主句主语是_从句主语是_.,F,T,.,相关练习：,1. Night_, we hurried home. A. falls B. fall C. fell D. falling,命题目的：本题考查分词用法。 解题关键：掌握分词 做状语的用法。 深度讲解：分词做状语，其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语，否则就必须在分

11、词的前面另加分词的主语（名词或主格代词），这种结构叫独立主格结构。其作用相当于状语从句:As night fell, we hurried home. 也可用并列句表示：Night fell, so we hurried home.,2. Nobody _ any more to say, the meeting was closed. A. having B. have C. had D. has,.,(3)“on / upon + v-ing形式”作状语, 译_.,On seeing the snake, the girl was very frightened. =_the snake,

12、 she was very frightened.,一就,一看到那条蛇，小女孩就十分害怕。,As soon as the girl saw,.,(4)“副词thus + v-ing形式”作状语。My car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay.,(5) 固定结构： Judging from his appearance, he must be very rich. Generally speaking, his answer is right.,译为_.,就这样,我的车被陷于交通阻塞中,就这样造成迟到,从他的外貌判断 ，他一定

13、是很富有。,总的来说，他的答案是对的。,.,everything taken into consideration全面考虑。tired of .厌倦armed with.武装上 faced with.面对着equipped with.装备着lost in陷入.之中exposed to 暴露在之中 compared with 和比 compared to把比 (be done结构作谓语) seated in. dressed in Considering(that)考supposing(that)如果 generallyspeaking一般说来 franklyspeaking坦白说 Judgin

14、gfrom从判断 talkingof说到Concerningsettingaside.开 Comingto谈到allowingfor.考虑到,.,【4个重点归纳】,1.现在分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。 Opening the window, a butterfly flew into my study. ( ) Opening the window, I saw a butterfly flying into my study. ( ),X,.,典型例题 1. Finding her car stolen, _.,A. a policeman was asked to he

15、lp B. the area was searched thoroughly C. it was looked for everywhere D. she hurried to a policeman for help,析：分析语境逻辑不难发现Finding her car stolen的动作应由“她”来完成，所以答案应为D。本题说明-ing形式做作状语时应注意人称、时态、和语态的一致性。,.,2. 现在分词的时态现在分词有一般式(_)和完成式(_)之分；现在分词的完成式表示分词动作发生在谓语动作之前。如：,_ in the queue for half an hour, the old ma

16、n suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car. (2008福建) A. Waiting B. To wait C. Having waited D. To have waited,doing.,having done,C,.,3. 现在分词的语态,现在分词一般式的被动语态(_)表示某被动动作正在进行；现在分词完成式的被动语态(_)表示某被动动作发生在谓语动作之前 _ many times, he finally understood it. （2009四川）A. Told B. Telling C. Having told D. H

17、aving been told 4. 现在分词的否定式:现在分词的否定形式是由not +doing构成的。如： _ that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest. (2008浙江) A. Not realized B. Not to realize C. Not realizing D. Not to have realized,being done,having been done,D,C,.,Correct the following sentences. 1. Having not seen the fil

18、m, I cant tell you what I think of it. 2. The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay. 3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful.,Not having,现在分词的否定形式是由not +doing构成,working，作定语，主动,seeing，作时间状语，当看，表主动,.,4. Generally speak, facial expressions are helpful communications, too

19、. 5. “Cant you read?” the man said, angrily pointed to the notice on the wall. 6. Knocking at the door before entering, please. 7. European football is played in 80 countries, made it the most popular sport in the world.,speaking,固定搭配,pointing,-ing形式作方式状语或伴随状语,与逻主主动关系,Knock,是主句谓语，用动词原形开头构成祈使句，,makin

20、g,作结果状语，结果使得,.,用所给词的正确形式填空,1. It seemed that he avoinded _(get) too close her . 2. Reading is_,but speaking the language is also a kind of_learn) 3. The news that the chinese team won the gold medal was very _(encourage) 4.It is clear that your_English will be grately improved if you can practise _w

21、henever you can .(speak) 5.I saw them-_(whisper) to each other; obviously they do not want to be heard by others.,getting,learning,learning,encouraging,spoken,speaking,whispering,.,6 I counted the people _(enter )the theatre, and there were 547 of them . 7. The man with sunglasses _(stand )next to t

22、he car is a detective . 8_be ) ill ,he did not take part in the sports meeting. 9_(drive ) his car around is his main hobby. 10._(know) she had got injured ,he hurried to the hospital to see her.,having entered,standing,Being ill,Driving,Knowing,.,The secretary worked late into the night, _a long sp

23、eech for the president. A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing 2. The visiting minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, _ that he had enjoyed his stay here. A. having added B. to add C. adding D. added 3. European football is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world. A. making B. makes C. made D. to make 4. _ up at his father,he asked what was the matter with