2020年上海高考英语概要写作同义替换和句式

1、2020上海高考英语：概要写作同义替换及句式一、常用的词汇替换1.词义替换 (1)名词担忧:worryconcern建议:suggestionproposal影响:influenceimpact目标:targetgoal难题:problemissue机会:chanceopportunity垃圾:litterrubbish, trash发展:developmentadvance, progress住所:houseshelter困难:difficultyobstacle, barrier, challenge人:peopleindividual, person, human

2、优势:advantagemerit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength老人:old peoplethe aged, the elderly缺陷:disadvantagedrawback, downside, weakness干旱:with no rain at alldrought方法:methodway, approach地区:districtzone, place, region, area姿势:posegesture冒险:adventureexpedition财富,财产:wealthfortune, property高速公路:expresswayfree

3、way居民:residentcitizen塞车:jamcongestion原因:reasonfactor(2)动词减轻:easerelieve提倡:proposeadvocate讨厌:hatedislike, be fed up with, be bored with鼓励,激发:encouragemotivate, fuel对感兴趣:be interested inbe caught up in, be crazy about, be keen on, be fond of阻止:preventstop充分利用:make full use ofmake the most/best of,take

4、 advantage of相似:look likeresemble完成:accomplishachieve, finish抵挡:stand up towithstand, resist, oppose处理:deal withhandle采取措施:take actiontake measures, take steps加速:speed upaccelerate出发去某地:set off forhead for, leave for经历:undergoexperience降低至:fall todecline to, decrease to, drop to要求:requestdemand, req

5、uire消除:cleareliminate, remove确保:ensureassure, guarantee, make sure宣称:declareclaim给予:giveoffer, provide, supply保持:keeppreserve, reserve, maintain导致:lead tocause, give rise to, result in暴露:revealexpose使:makeenable提高:improveenhance改变:changetransform, alter与联系:associate withconnect with建立:buildestablish

6、, set up得到:getacquire, obtain拥有:havepossess, own感谢:thankappreciate表达:expressconvey解决:solvecope with, deal with, resolve帮助:helpassist, aid步行:walkcover确信:make sureensure认为:thinkclaim, consider, believe, insist, hold损害:damagehurt, injure, harm, impair, endanger保护:protectconserve, preserve致力于:be devoted

7、 tobe committed to展示:showreveal, illustrate, present允许某人做某事:give sb. permission to do sth.allow sb. to do sth.预订:bookreserve推迟:put offdelay转换:switchconvert, transform禁止:forbidban, prohibit区分:tell sth./sb. apartdistinguish由构成:be made up ofbe composed of, consist of维持:sustainsupport, maintain承担责任:shou

8、lder/undertake ones dutybe responsible for, take responsibility增加:be on the riseincrease, multiply尽力做某事:do sth. to the best of ones abilitytry ones best to do sth., spare no effort to do sth., make every effort to do sth.专心致志于:put ones heart intobe absorbed in, be bent on, be buried in(3)形容词乏味的:bori

9、ngdull, tiresome害怕的:afraidfrightened, scared出名的:famousnotable, renowned显然的:obviousapparent, evident, clear严重的:severeserious有益的:usefulhelpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding新的:newfresh, brand new, novel粗鲁的:rudeimpolite怀疑的:doubtfulskeptical, suspicious, incredulous快速的:fastspeedy最便宜的:the least expen

10、sivethe cheapest许多:manya sea of, an ocean of, abundant, numerous, considerable巨大的:bigenormous, vast, massive, tremendous聪明的:cleversmart, gifted, sharp-minded好的:goodfantastic, magnificent, outstanding, remarkable穷的:in povertypoor, needy悲伤的:saddepressed, frustrated重要的:importantsignificant, essential,

11、critical, vital, crucial基本的:fundamentalbasic, essential神圣的:sacredholy充足的;富裕;富有:rich inplentiful, ample, generous, abundant少量的:a small number ofa handful of主要的:primarymain合理的:reasonablesensible, rational, sound勇敢的:bravefearless, bold, courageous开心的:happycheerful, delightful艰难的:difficulttough, challen

12、ging有害的:harmfuldamaging, ruinous传统的:traditionalconventional生气的:angryannoyed, irritated最初的:initialoriginal疲劳的:worntired, exhausted(4)副词非常:veryextremely, intensely, extraordinarily最后:finallyeventually, ultimately起先:firstlyoriginally, initially大约:approximatelyalmost, about, around, nearly, roughly肯定地:c

13、ertainlydefinitely, undoubtedly, obviously, apparently经常,总是:frequentlyconstantly, always立刻:right nowimmediately, shortly, right away事实上:as a matter of factpractically, in practice, in reality, in effect, in fact平稳地:steadilysmoothly决不,从不:neveron no account, at no time, under no circumstances偶尔,有时:now

14、 and thenat times, occasionally很少:rarelyseldom每天:day in and day outevery day缓慢地,轻微地:slightlyslowly, mildly仅仅:onlymerely完全地:totallyabsolutely, completely目前:at presentnowadays, recently急剧地:dramaticallysharply, steeply(5)其他替换我认为:in my opinionpersonally, from my perspective关于:with regard toas for虽然:desp

15、ite/regardless the fact thatalthough同时:at the same timemeanwhile同时:at the same timein the meantime因为:on account of the fact thatbecause对比:on the other handby contrast, on the contrary此外:in additionbesides, furthermore, moreover2.词性转换追求:pursue v.pursuit n.受伤:injure v.injured adj.受伤的injury n.受伤重要的:imp

16、ortant adj.be of importance n.受欢迎:popular adj.popularity n.强调:put an emphasis on n.emphasize v.更喜欢:prefer v.preference n.讨论:have a discussion of n.discuss v.缺乏:a lack of n.lack v.比较:comparison pare v.倾向于:have a tendency to do n.tend to do v.需要:have a need for n.need v.调查:conduct an investigatio

17、n n.investigate v.决定:make a decision n.decide v.解释:give an explanation of n.explain v.创造性:creativity n.creative adj.各种不同的:a variety of n.various adj.评估:assess v.assessment n.指派,布置作业:assign v.assignment n.方便:convenience n.convenient adj.辨别:distinguish v.distinguished adj.突出的评估:evaluate v.evaluation n

18、.使烦恼:annoy v.annoying adj.令人烦恼的annoyance n.烦恼二、常用的写作句式(一) 提出建议的句型I suggest that Why not do? Why dont you do? You would better do/ not do If I were you，I would It seems to me that you could You may consider doingI feel that it would be beneficial if You may consider doing I think it would be more ben

19、eficial if you could As you may agree that I would like to suggest that(二) 结尾常用格式I hope that my suggestions are helpful for your decision-making anyway.I would be more than happy to see improvement in this regard.I believe that you will take my suggestions into serious account.I would be ready to di

20、scuss about this matter with you to further details.Whatever you decide to do， good luck with your studies/work！(三) 连接词1.Firstly：previously, initially, foremost(adv,第一 adj.最重要的)2.Generally: principally, mainly, basically, fundamentally,3.Then：subsequently（随后陆续的）, afterward（时间上的）, thereafter（逻辑上的）, s

21、econdarily, furthermore4.Lastly：ultimately, eventually, in conclusion, as a final point, last but not least,5.Too: in addition, besides, moreover, additionally6.And: plus, as well as, along with, in addition7.Or: otherwise, if not, before, or else8.So (adv): therefore, thus, consequently, accordingl

22、y,9. Because: as, due to, since, as to, in that, for the reason that, for, now that10.But: however, moreover, nevertheless, nonetheless, on the contrary, even if, while, despite the fact that11.Only: just, merely, barely, singly, solely, rarely 12. Very: extremely, acutely, decidedly, deeply, exceed

23、ingly, greatly, highly, 13. Actually: as a matter of fact, indeed, literally, truly14. Important: essential, significant, vital, crucial, profound, play a pushing, requisite, critical, fundamental, primary, elementary, underlying, rudimentary, basically, necessaryEXAMPLE:（1）A is important to B.（2）A

24、plays an/a important role to B（3）A is of (greatenormoussignificantawesome) to B.（4）A means (a lota great dealmuch) to B.（5）The importance of A (to B) can never be （deniedignoreddoubted).（6）（）Nothing is more crucial to B than A.（7）（）A is to B what the foundation is to a skyscraper.（一）上海的经济环境对饰品消费的影响1

25、5.现在是个飞速发展的时代，与时俱进的大学生当然也不会闲着，在装扮上也不俱一格，那么对作为必备道具的饰品多样性的要求也就可想而知了。difficult: demanding(劳神费力的),laborious（艰苦的）,formidable（艰巨的）16.many: numerous, myriad, infinite, quantities of a (large) number of / (large) numbers of + 可数名词复数plenty of +可数名词复数/不可数名词 a good/great many + 可数名词复a large/huge amount of / la

26、rge amounts of + 不可数 many a + 可数名词单数 Small: minimum, diminutive, minute, petite, wee, undersized, teeny, tiny, 17.2、消费者分析little：petite（女子身高娇小）18.bad: adverse(不利的), negative19.good: excellent, outstanding, extraordinary, remarkable20.手工艺制品是我国一种传统文化的象征，它品种多样，方式新颖，制作简单，深受广大学生朋友的喜欢。当今大学生的消费行为表现在追求新颖，追求时

27、尚。追求个性，表现自我的消费趋向：购买行为有较强的感情色彩，比起男生热衷于的网络游戏，极限运动，手工艺制品更得女生的喜欢。Big: massive, enormous, tremendous, giant, vast, large, huge, bulky,21.（2） 缺乏经营经验boring; dull, tiresome, tedious(乏味的) ep: He that can read and meditate will not find his evenings long or life tedious.22.worried: anxious, apprehensive, fraught23.sad: d