骨科查体英文ppt课件

1、examnation of orthopedics,video,order： visual examination palpation percuss dynamic diagnosis special test ;,体格检查,2,principles of Physical examination,Full exposure Bilateral contrast uninjured side first, uninjured side second Active first, passive second comprehensive、repeatedly、soft,3,visual exam

2、ination,gait and gesture There is no skin redness, cyanosis, pigmentation or venous engorgement Soft tissue swelling and mass Muscle contraction or muscle fiber fibrillation Scar, wound, sinus secretions, and its properties Wound shape and depth, there is no foreign body residual and active bleeding

3、 abnormalities, such as scoliosis, limb shortening and so on.,4,5,6,palpation,tenderness：position、depth、scope、level and quality abnormal activity and bone rub feeling, play ring Local temperature and sensation, bilateral contrast,7,percussion,percussion pain percussion pain of Limb axial Indirect sp

4、inal pain Tinel,8,dynamic diagnosis,Check the range of motion of the joint and the contraction of the muscle. active movement passive exercise,9,量 诊,Limb length measurement Measurement of limb circumference active movement; free exercise,10,Three planes of human joint motion,11,关节测量方法中立位零度法,12,Relat

5、ed nervous system examination,Muscle volume, muscle tension, muscle strength, ataxia Muscle strength rating criteria 0：Muscle strength completely disappeared, no muscle contraction I：Mild muscle contraction, joints can not be active II：Muscle contraction, joint movement, but not against the gravity

6、of the body III：Can resist the gravity of the body to make joint activities, but can not resist the resistance IV：Resistance to external resistance, but weak muscle strength V：Normal muscle strength,13,upper limb joint,Shoulder joint examination Elbow joint inspection Wrist and hand,14,Shoulder join

7、t examination,Visual examination,winged scapula ：costoscapularis paralysation,Square shoulder deformity,15,Shoulder joint examination,palpation,Emptiness of the shoulder,Dugas征,16,Special inspection,杜加斯(Dugas)征: When a ormal person put his/her hands on the side of the shoulder，his/her elbow can be a

8、ttached to the chest,with the shoulder has anterior dislocation,when we put the hand of injured side to the oppsite shoulder,the elbow can not be attached to the chest.This is a positive sign of Dugas.,video,17,Elbow joint inspection,Visual examination,posterior cubital triangle,18,肘关节检查,视 诊,19,肘关节检

9、查,网球肘 肱骨外上髁炎,20,肘关节检查,Mills sign: when extent the elbow，flex the wrist,pronate the forearm ，if there is pain on the external condyle of humerus ,there is positive sign of Mills,video,21,Wrist and hand,wrist drop ape hand Claw hand,22,杵状指(acropachy) respiratory disease heart disease Nutritional disor

10、ders,23,匙状甲(koilonych) iron-deficiency anemia ; High altitude disease rheumatic fever,24,wrist and hand,25,crushing test of wrist triangular cartilage,Wrist joint in neutral position,And then make the wrist joint passive to the ulnar deviation and longitudinal extrusion,If there is pain in the lower

11、 ulnar joint,it shows the positive sign injury of triangular fibrocartilaginous disc、 fracture of processus styloideus ulnae,video,26,Joint of lower extremity,Joint of lower extremity Knee joint examination Examination of ankle joint and foot,27,Anatomy of hip joint,Maximum weight bearing joint of h

12、uman body,video,28,Joint motion degree examination,29,髋关节正常活动度,30,髋关节正常活动度,31,Anatomy of knee joint,前交叉韧带,后交叉韧带,半月板韧带,半月板,胫骨,髌骨,股骨,32,膝关节正常活动度,33,Knee joint force line examnation,Under normal circumstances the knee can be together Normal double ankle distance The knee can not be together The ankle j

13、oint distance is too large,bow leg,cross-knee,4-6cm,34,Knee joint force line,In the knee with medial pain, the knee is accompanied by lateral pain, suggesting that the medial or lateral tibial femoral joint is osteoarthritis of the knee. The pain of the knee joint outside the knee joint is often indicated by the injury of the lateral meniscus of the knee joint and vice versa. Severe knee joint force line abnormalities under arthroscopic debridement and cartilage treatment can relieve pain, but the main treatment is high tibial osteotomy,35,Patella related examination,浮髌试验( floating pate