外研版八年级(下册)并列复合句讲解与练习

1、1. 并列复合句的定义：由并列连词and, but, or等把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。2. 并列复合句的构成：并列复合句的基本结构是：简单句+并列连词+简单句例如：I help him and he helps me.You must put on your coat, or youll have a bad cold in such a cold day.3. 常用的并列连词：(1) 用来连接两个并列概念的连接词有and , not onlybut also, neithernor, both and, as well as,等,and所连接的前后分句往往表示先后关系、递

2、进关系。前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那么第二个分句用将来时。 (2) 表示在两者之间选择一个, 常用的连接词 or, not but(不是而是), eitheror(要么要么),等，前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那么第二个分句用将来时。(3) 表明两个概念彼此有矛盾、相反或者转折, 常用的连接词有but (但是)，yet(可是)，while(而，另一方面)，however(可是)等,前后分句时态一致。(4) 表示因果关系，常见连词because, as, for(因为), so 等。用连接词for ,前后分句时态一致。 4. 并列连词前后简单句

3、之间的关系：(1) 并列关系。如：They are watching TV, and the others are listening to the radio. Im a doctor and she is a nurse.注意：A. and 用于连接两个意思一致或连贯的词或短语，意为“和，又，而且，然后”。如：He is able to read and write.B. and 用在祈使句后表示结果，意为“那么”。如：Work hard and you will pass your examination.(2) 选择关系。如：The children can go with us, o

4、r they can stay at home.注意：or 还可以用于说明原因，意为“不然，否则”。He must like her, or he wouldnt keep calling her.(3) 转折关系。如：It has no mouth, but it can talk. 它没有嘴巴，但是它会说话。School is over, yet all the teachers are still working.学校放学了，可是老师们仍然在工作。He wants to be a writer, while I want to be a scientist.他想当作家，而我则想当科学家。

5、Its raining hard, however, we must go out.雨下得很大，然而我们必须出去。(4) 因果关系。A. for在意义上与从属连词because，since和as相同，但它们引导的是原因状语从句，而for则连接两简单句，前者表示结果，后者表示原因。其结构为：简单句(结果)+for+简单句(原因)。如：He has many good friends, for he is an honest man.他有许多好朋友，因为他是个诚实的男子汉。B. so意为因此、所以，但不能与because同时出现在同一个句子中。因为because是从属连词，而是并列连词，用来连接并

6、列句。其结构为：简单句(原因) +so牛简单句(结果)。如：Mr. Li went to his hometown, so Mr. Wang was taking his class instead.李老师回家乡去了，所以王老师替二课。5. 其他形式的并列句(1)祈使句+and+简单句。其中祈使句表示一个条件，并列连词and引导的简单句则表示一个较好的结果，谓语常用一般将来时。例如：Use your head, and you will find away动脑筋，你就会想出办法来。(2)祈使句+or+简单句。祈使句表示一个条件，并列连词or后的简单句则表示一个不愉快或不理想的结果。例如：Stu

7、dy hard, or you Will fall behind the others努力学习，否则你就会落于别人。(3)either.or.结构表示不是.就是.，或者.或者.， 例如：Either my uncle can do it, or my aunt can do it. 我叔叔可以做那件事，或者我婶婶也可以做。习惯上将两个句子合并成Either my uncle or my aunt can do it.(4) not only.but also.意思为不仅.而且.，例如：如：Not only the students have missed the school car, but

8、 also the teacher has missed the school car.不仅学生，而且他们的老师都误了校车。(5) neither.nor.结构，意为既不.也不.，两者都不.，用法与either.or., not only.but also.相同。6. 使用并列复合句要注意的几种情况。(1) 并列复合句有时可不用连词，而用分号隔开（前后句之间的关系须相当紧密）。如：We fished all day; we did not catch a single fish.(2) 并列连词后的简单句如果与其前的简单句有相同的部分，则相同的部分常可省略。如：Snoopy lives in

9、his own world and (Snoopy) finds real life hard to understand.由并列连词把两个或两个以上的互相关连而又互相独立的独句(即简单句)连在一起而构成的句子叫并列句。其结构是：简单句+并列连词+简单句常用的连词有and,but,ornotonly.butalso,neither.nor,either.or并列句分为:联合并列句,转折并列句,选择并列句和因果并列句(1).联合并列句常由并列词and,notonlybutalso.等连接如:Useyourhand,andyoullfindaway.(2).转折并列句常由并列连词but,while

10、,yet,whereas,nevertheless等连接如:IwouldlovetohavegonetothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.(3).选择疑问句常由并列连词or,otherwise,eitheror,等连接(4).因果并列句由并列连词so,for,therefore等连接.如:itwaslate,sowewenthome.在”祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构中,当前后两部分间为承接关系时,用and;前后意思为相反关系时,用or.可将前面的祈使句转换成由if引导的条件状语从句,但必须将and或or去掉.如

11、:Hurryup,andwellbethereintime.=Ifwehurryup,wellbethereintime.考点:并列复合句是中考的考点，主要体现在单项填空和完成句子中，要求学生重点掌握知识点2本模块重点短语HadbetterdosomethingPrefer.to.MuchtooTakepartinHowtodo三、例题精析【例题1】【题干】Becareful,_youwillfalloffthebike.A.butB.andC.soD.or【答案】D【解析】根据句意“小心点，否则你就会从自行车上摔下来。”可知，or是否则的意思【例题2】【题干】Icantunderstandt

12、hispassage_therearenonewwordsinit.A.ifB.becauseC.thoughD.an【答案】C【解析】根据句意“尽管文章中没有生词，我还是不能理解。”可知答案为C【例题3】【题干】Itsgettingdark,_theyrestillworking.A.andB.butC.soD.or【答案】B【解析】【例题4】【题干】_Saturday_SundayisOK.Illbefreeinthesetwodays.A.Either;orB.Neither;norC.Both;andD.One;theother【答案】A【解析】四、课堂运用【基础】1.Edisonsa

13、id,“Nevergiveup,_youllmakeit.”A.yetB.orC.andD.but2.LucyandLilyaretwins.Lucylikesplayingtabletennis,_Lilydoesnt.A.orB.butC.andD.yet3.Mr.GreenknowslittleGerman,_hecantunderstandtheinstructionsonthebottleofthepills.A.butB.soC.forD.or【答案】【解析】【巩固】1.Ifelttiredafterthework,_Itookalongrest.A.soBbutC.forD.or

14、【答案】A【解析】2.Inspringitis_hot_coldhere.A.both,andB.either,orC.neither,norD.notonly,but【答案】【解析】3.Iprefer_someshoppingto_campingsincetheweatherisnovely.A.dogoingB.doinggoC.dogoD.doinggoing【答案】【解析】【拔高】1.Somearereadingnewspaper,_othersareplayingbasketball.A.orB.forC.soD.while【答案】【解析】2.除了学习英语之外，我们想让他体验一下美国

15、的生活。_learningEnglish,wewanthimtoexperiencethelifeofAmerica.课程小结并列复合句是中考的考点，主要以单项选择的形式出现，而重点句型是在完成句子中考得比较多。六、课后作业【基础】1.Ihatesmoking,_Idontlikedrinking,either.A.thoughB.butC.andD.for2._Saturday_SundayisOK.Illbefreeinthesetwodays.A.Either;orB.Neither;norC.Both;andD.One;theother3.Inspringitis_hot_coldhe

16、re. A.both,andB.either,orC.neither,norD.notonly,but4.Jimwasveryhungry_heateallthecakes.A.andB.butC.soD.or5.Lileipassedhisfatherthiscup_askedforsomemoretea.A.butB.andC.orD.if6.Goalongthestreet,turntotheleftattheendofthestreetand_youllfindthepostoffice.A.thenB.soC.butD.yet1.Tonyeats_andheis_fat.A.much

17、too;toomuchB.toomuchmuchtooC.muchtoomuchtooD.toomuch;toomuch【解析】muchtoo修饰形容词，toomuch修饰不可数名词2.你最好买一本英语词典_buyanEnglishdictionary.【拔高】1.它是了解英国文化的一个好方法Itsagreat_aboutBritishculture.【答案】【解析】2.格林夫妇计划去某个轻松的地方度假。TheGreensareplanningtogo_forvacation.课堂练习选择题。( ) 1. I thought the actor was famous, _ none of my

18、 friends has ever heard of him. 【2013江苏盐城】 A. and B. or C. so D. but ( ) 2. Were going to Suzhou Amusement Park in Lindas card. You can come with us _ you can meet us there later. 【 2013江苏苏州】A. or B. but C. and D. then ( ) 3. The shops were closed _ I didnt get any milk. 【2013浙江嘉兴】A. so B. as C. or

19、D. but ( ) 4. Hurry up, _ you will be late for school. OK. Im coming. 【2013浙江台州】A. and B. but C. or D. so 二按要求翻译下列句子。努力学习，你会成功的。（用两种方法翻译） 赶快，否则我们会迟到的。（用两种方法翻译）他是一个好学生，每个人都喜欢他。用两种以上方法翻译）他一个错误也没犯。众所周知，他是一个著名的科学家。无论怎样努力，她都无法把门打开。课后巩固单项选择。( ) 1. Work hard, _ you will pass the during test.A. or B. but C.

20、 because D. and( ) 2. Stop cutting trees, _ the earth will become worse and worse. A. and B. then C but D. or( ) 3. They bought Granny a present _ she liked it very much. A. and B. so C. but D. while ( ) 4. They all went to the cinema I didnt. A. get B. or C. but D. so( ) 5. Hello, Mr. Huang! Im sor

21、ry;I dont think I know you. A. and B. or C. but D. because( ) 6. The little boy is very young _ he can look after himself well. A. So B. but C. if D. or( ) 7. Bill put his hands behind his back, _ nobody could see his hands. A. so B. and C. or D. but( ) 8. Neither you nor I _ from Canada. We are fro

22、m Australia. A. is B. are C. am D. be( ) 9.We get knowledge _from books _from life. Yes, both are important. A. either；or B. not only；but also C neither；nor D. not；but( ) 10. Mr. Brown knows little Japanese, he cant understand the instructions on the bottle Of the pills. A. so B. or C. but D. for( )

23、 11. Can you play football?Yes, I can, I cant play very well. A. or B. and C. so D. but( ) 12. The war was over about three months ago, _the American soldiers in Iraq are still having a lot of trouble to deal with. A. or B. and C. but D. so( ) 13. You must work hard, _ you will fall behind. A. and B

24、. but C. so D. or( ) 14. Take exercise every day, _ you will become stronger and stronger. A. or B. and C. but D. while( ) 15. Work hard, youre sure to be successful in this exam. A. and B. or C. but D. so( ) 16. Will you come on Monday or Tuesday? Im afraid day is possible. Ill be busy next week. A

25、. either B. neither C. both( )17. Lily Lucy may go with you because one of them must stay at home.A. Not only; but also B. Neither; nor C. Both; and D. Either; or( ) 18. Be careful with your machine, youll be hurt. A. and B. but C. or D. so( ) 19. Didnt you give roses to your father on Fathers Day?

26、Oh, not only my father, my grandpa got red roses. A. or B. and C. but D. until( ) 20. How do you like the two pairs of shoes? They dont fit me well. They are too big too small. A. not only; but also B. both; and C. neither; nor D. either; or( ) 21. This pair of shoes_ too expensive. Can you show me

27、the pair over there? A. is B. are C. be( ) 22. The teacher _ me _ information about students exchange program this morning.A. provided, with B. provided, for C. provides, with( ) 23. Foshan is an old city and it has lots of _A. place of interest B. place of interests C. places of interest( ) 24. The

28、 girl sat _ the bench, smiling to herself.A. by the end of B. in the end of C. at the end of( )2 5. Guangzhou is hosting the 2010 Asian Games. _ Guangzhou.A. Welcome B. Welcome to C. Welcoming to二词汇和句子.根据句意和汉语提示写出正确的单词。1.The （游客）come from the USA.2.The course is free but you should （提供）your own book

29、s.3.With her help, I made great （进步）in English and became interested in it.4. Honest is the base of a good （友谊）.5.We must study hard to achieve modernization of science and （技术）.用所给单词的适当形式填空。I was ill yesterday, but I feel （well）today.2.Kate will have a party because her （twelve）birthday is coming.

30、3.Jenny set the food and drinks before the （ （guest）. 4.The news （certain）made her happy.5.Our English teacher can speak more than one foreign （ （language）. .根据汉语意思完成句子。1.如果你填了这张表格，就可以把这本书带出图书馆。 If you this , you can take books out of the library.2.上学期，她在学习上取得了巨大进步。She with her studies last term.3.在新学期的开始，我们应该制定好一个学习计划。 the new term, we should make a study plan for it.4.无论身在何处，他总是与我们保持联系。Whereverheis,he us.5.我们不能总是依靠我们的父母。We cant our parent