7aunit6Grammar.ppt

1、七年级上册,英语教学课件系列,Unit 6 Food and lifestyles,Grammar,apple orange cup plate egg dish pork salt beef bread cake hamburger cabbage Coke bowl juice shelf meat milk rice tomato sugar,Can you help them find the right family?,Countable and uncountable nouns,singular(单数） plural(复数),singular(单数） plural(复数),可数名

2、词: (1)定义:是可以计数的名词 (2)可数名词前可以用a, an限定,表示一个 (3)可数名词前可以用one, two, three限定。 (4)可数名词有复数形式。,可数名词和不可数名词,Grammar,可数名词复数形式的构成(1),可数名词复数形式的构成(2),A) 构成方法及读音规则 1) 一般情况加 s：map-mapsboy-boys girl-girls pen-pens bag-bagscar-cars 清辅音后读 浊辅音和元音后读 2) 以s, sh, ch, x等结尾加 es,如： bus-buses watch-watches box-boxes brush-brush

3、es,可数名词复数形式变化,3) 以辅音字母+y结尾, 变 y 为 i 再加 es, 如：baby-babies city-cities country-countries 但以y结尾的专有名词，或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s变复数。 如：,monkey-monkeys holiday-holidays,4) 以o结尾的名词，变复数时： A. 加s, 如: photo photos pianopianos radioradios zoozoos； B. 加es, 如: potato potatoes tomatotomatoes,5) 以 f 或 fe 结尾的名词变复数时： 改

4、f, fe v加 -es， 如：halfhalves knifeknives leaf-leaves wolfwolves wifewives lifelives,Notes: 由一个词加 man 或 woman构成的合成词, 其复数形式也是 -men 和-women, 如an Englishman, two Englishmen。但German不是合成词, 故复数形式为Germans；Bowman是姓，其复数是the Bowmans。,B)名词复数的不规则变化 childchildren, footfeet, toothteeth, mousemice, man-men, womanwome

5、n,2) 单复同形, 如deer, sheep, fish, Chinese, Japanese, 等。但除人民币的元、角、分外, 美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如：a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters。 3) 集体名词, 以单数形式出现, 但实为复数。例如：people, police 等本身就是复数，不能说 a people, a police, 但可以说a person, a policeman.,4）以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，如： a. maths, politics, physics等学科名词，一般是不可数名词，为单数。 b. new

6、s 为不可数名词。 c. the United States, the United Nations 应视为单数。 The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。 d. 以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数。,5) 表示由两部分构成的东西，如：glasses （眼镜）trousers,clothes等，若表达具体数目，要借助数量词 pair（对，双）;suit（套）; 如: a pair of glasses， 一副眼镜；two pairs of trousers，一条裤子等。,6) 另外还有一些名词，其复数

7、形式有时可表示特别意思，如：goods 货物，waters 水域，fishes（各种）鱼。,不可数名词 (1)定义:是指不能计数的名词。 (2)不可数名词前不可以用a , an限定。 (3)不可数名词前不可以用one, two, three 限定。 (4)不可数名词没有复数形式。,不可数名词主要分为 物质名词和抽象名词。,1) 物质名词是指表示无法分为个体的实物的词, 常见的物质名词, 如:snow(雪), rain(雨), water(水), coffee(咖啡), tea(茶), meat (肉), milk(牛奶), rice(米饭), bread(面包), orange (桔汁), b

8、eef (牛肉), chicken(鸡肉), juice (果汁), pork(猪肉), Coke (可口可乐), ice cream (冰激凌) 等;,2) 抽象名词是指表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念的词,常见的抽象名词,如:work(工作), study(学习), love(爱), friendship (友谊)等。,写出下列名词的复数形式 1. apple apples 2. orange oranges 3. potato potatoes 4. carrot carrots 5. banana bananas 6. egg eggs 7. hamburger hamburger

9、s 8. noodle noodles 9. onion onions 10. vegetable vegetables 11. tomato tomatoes 12. melon melons,十一个婴儿 九个男孩 四个班级 我的五张相片,eleven babies nine boys four classes my five photos,Translation,六只收音机 三个好朋友 十八只猴子 七把小刀,six radios,three good friends,eighteen monkeys,seven knives,a piece of bread,pieces of bread

10、,glasses of water,a glass of water,Look and learn,a piece of bread,a glass of water,a plate of chicken,a packet of salt,two bags of rice,three cups of tea,four kilos of meat,five cartons of meat,six bottles of juice,a packet of salt,packets of sugar,two cups of tea,four bottles of water,two cartons

11、of milk,one carton of milk,a bottle of water,量词,Hobo wants to buy some things for Christmas. Help him complete the list.,bottle, can, kilo, bowl, carton, cup,_ tea,_ milk,three cups of,two bottles of,kilos of,three_ chicken,_ soup,_ milk,a bowl of,a can of,three cartons of,_ Coca-Cola,m: Mum, what d

12、o we need to buy? M: We need some _ , a_ of _ and a _ of _ . m: Do we need to buy _ ? M: Yes. Lets buy some _ and _ . m: I want to buy some _ . Theyre grandpas favourite. And we have only an _ at home. We need to buy some too. M: OK. We can also buy a few _ of _ .,At the supermarket,chicken,packet,r

13、ice,bag,salt,vegetables,carrots,potatoes,oranges,apple,bottle,juice,1. Lets go shopping for food and _ (饮料). 2. We havent got any _ (肉). 3. Lets get some _ (鸡肉). 4. Have you got _ (一些) chocolate?,drink,meat,chicken,any,Practice,A. 填空：,6. Lets get some _ (咖啡) for mum. 5. What _ (种类) of fruit do you l

14、ike best? 7. How about some apple _ (果汁)? 8. There are lots of _ (西红柿) in the basket.,tomatoes,juice,coffee,kind,B. 按要求改写句子： There is some fish on the plate. (改为否定句） 2. We have got some oranges.,Have you got any oranges?,（改为一般疑问句）,There isnt any fish on the plate.,3. They have got some milk and wate

15、r. （改为否定句） 4. There is a tomato on the table. （改为复数形式） 5. He has got a potato.（改为复数形式）,They havent got any milk and water. There are some tomatoes on the table. They have got some potatoes.,6. Lets get some _ (咖啡) for mum. 5. What _ (种类) of fruit do you like best? 7. How about some apple _ (果汁)? 8. There are lots of _ (西红柿) in the basket.,tomatoes,juice,coffee,kind,C. 完成句子: 1. 吃太多巧克力对你不好。 Eating too much chocolate _ you. 2.我通常星期天购物。 I usually _ on Sundays.,isnt good for/ is bad for,g