冠词的讲解及练习

1、2.1 不定冠词的用法 冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。英语中的冠词有三种，一种是定冠词（the Definite Article），另一种是不定冠词（the Indefinite Article），还有一种是零冠词（Zero Article）。不定冠词a (an)与数词one 同源，是一个的意思。a用于辅音音素前，一般读作e，而an则用于元音音素前，一般读做en。1) 表示一个，意为one；指某人或某物，意为a certain。 A Mr. Ling is waiting for you.2) 代表一类人或物。 A knife is a too

2、l for cutting with. Mr. Smith is an engineer.3) 词组或成语。 a little / a few / a lot / a type of / a pile / a great many / many a / as a rule / in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while / after a while / have a cold / have a try / keep an eye on / all of a sudden2.2 定冠词的用法 定冠词the与指示代词this，t

3、hat同源，有那（这）个的意思，但较弱，可以和一个名词连用，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。1）特指双方都明白的人或物： Take the medicine.把药吃了。2）上文提到过的人或事： He bought a house.Ive been to the house. 他买了幢房子。我去过那幢房子。3）指世上独一物二的事物： the sun， the sky， the moon， the earth 4）单数名词连用表示一类事物，如：the dollar 美元;the fox 狐狸；或与形容词或分词连用，表示一类人：the rich 富人; the living 生者。5）用在序数词和形

4、容词最高级，及形容词only， very， same等前面： Where do you live?I live on the second floor. 你住在哪？我住在二层。 Thats the very thing Ive been looking for. 那正是我要找的东西。6）与复数名词连用，指整个群体： They are the teachers of this school.指全体教师) They are teachers of this school. (指部分教师)7）表示所有，相当于物主代词，用在表示身体部位的名词前：She caught me by the arm.她抓住

5、了我的手臂。8）用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级、等专有名词前： the Peoples Republic of China 中华人民共和国 the United States 美国9）用在表示乐器的名词之前： She plays the piano.她会弹钢琴。10) 用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人： the Greens 格林一家人 (或格林夫妇)11) 用在惯用语中：in the day, in the morning (afternoon，evening),the day after tomorrow the day before yesterday,the nex

6、t morning,in the sky (water，field，country)in the dark,in the rain,in the distance,in the middle (of),in the end,on the whole,by the way,go to the theatre2.4 冠词与形容词+名词结构1) 两个形容词都有冠词，表示两个不同东西。 He raises a black and a white cat. 他养了一只黑猫和一只白猫。 The black and the white cats are hers. 这只黑猫和白猫都是他的。2) 如后一个形容

7、词无冠词，则指一物。 He raises a black and white cat. 他养了一只花猫。2.3 零冠词的用法 1) 国名，人名前通常不用定冠词：England，Mary；2）泛指的复数名词，表示一类人或事物时，可不用定冠词；They are teachers. 他们是教师。3）抽象名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词；Failure is the mother of success.失败乃成功之母。4）物质名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词，当表示特定的意思时，需要加定冠词；Man cannot live without water.人离开水就无法生存。5）在季节、月份、节日、 假日

8、、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前，不加冠词； We go to school from Monday to Friday. 我们从星期一到星期五都上课。6）在称呼或表示官衔，职位的名词前不加冠词； The guards took the American to General Lee. 士兵们把这个美国人送到李将军那里。7）在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前，不加冠词 如：have breakfast，play chess 8）当两个或两个以上名词并用时，常省去冠词；I cant write without pen or pencil.没有钢笔和铅笔，我就写不了字。9）当by 与火车等交通工具

9、连用，表示一种方式时，中间无冠词；by bus，by train； 10）有些个体名词不用冠词；如： school，college，prison，market，hospital，bed，table，class，town，church，court 等个体名词，直接置于介词后，表示该名词的深层含义； go to hospital去医院看病 go to the hospital 去医院 (并不是去看病，而是有其他目的)11)不用冠词的序数词；a. 序数词前有物主代词 b. 序数词作副词 He came first in the race.c. 在固定词组中 at (the) first,first

10、of all,from first to last初中英语冠词专项练习题( ) 1 Han Meimei is _ Chinese girl. Lucy is _ English girl.A. a; a B. an; an C. a; an D. an; a( ) 2 A little boy wrote_ U and_ n on the wall.A. a; an B. an; a C. an; an D. a; a( ) 3 _ old lady in brown is_ university professor.A. An; a B. An; / C. The; an D. The;

11、a( ) 4 There are sixty minutes in_hour.A. an B. the C. a D. /( ) 5 This is _ interesting book and it is also _ useful one.A. an; an B. an; the C. ah; a D. a; a( ) 6 A computer is useful tool in o world today.A. an; the B. a; the C. the; the D. a; a2( ) 1 We have never seen _ interesting film.A. such

12、 B. such an C. so D. such a( ) 2 Mrs Smith is _ friend of _A. the; mine B. a; me C. the; my D. a; mine( ) 3 He is_boy.A. a seven-years-old B. an eight-year-oldC. the seven-year-old D. an eight-year-older( ) 4 Fsaw_ accident in the street yesterday.A. the B. a C. an D. /( ) 5 Now he is _ artist. 1 ha

13、ve known him since he was _ one-year-old boy.A. a; an B. a; a C. an; an D. an; a3( ) 1. Which bigger _ elephant or _ horse?A. a; the B. an; a C. the; an D. an; the( ) 2 _monkey can climb_trees.A. /; the B. A; / C. The; a D. /; /( ) 3 _ rains are faster than _ buses.A. /; / B. The; / C. /; the D. The

14、; a( ) 4 -Have you learned German?-Yes. Its _ language Ive ever learned.A. a quite difficult B: quite a difficultC. difficult quite D. difficult a quite( ) 5 Some animals, like _ cat, _ dog or _ wolf, do not need to hibernate (冬眠).A. /; /; the B. the; the; the C. a; /; the , D. the; /; /4( ) 1 Yeste

15、rday we held_ talk with them in the hall.A. the B. this C. a D. an( ) 2 My mother had_ fever, so I had to look after her.A a B. the C, / D. this( ) 3 Looking at, he took_deep breath.A. / B. a C. that D. its( ) 4 I usually go out for _ walk after_ tea;A: a; / B. /; the C. a; a D. the; a( ) 5 After th

16、at they had _ sleep.A. a night good B. a nights good C. a good night D. a good nights5( ) 1 It is_since we_last time.A. long time; met B. a long time; meet C. a long time; met D. the long time; meet( ) 2 There came _ great noise. It frightened us.A. the B. a C. / D. that( ) 3 It is_ pleasure to work

17、 with these workers.A. an B. / C. a D. this( ) 4 After _ quick breakfast I hurried to _ school.A. /; / -rB. a; / C. the; the - D. the; /6( ) 1 This is_egg. _egg is big.A. a; A B. an; An C. a; The D. an; The( ) 2 There is_ W in_word map.A. a; an B. an; a C. an; the D. a; the( ) 3 Here is basket. _ ba

18、sket is mine.A. a; The B. the; An. C. a; A D. the; A( ) 4 There is_ bridge over there. _ bridge is made of wood.A. the; The B. a; A C. the; A D. a; The( ) 5 He ordered _ book some time ago and now _ book has arrived.A. a; a B. the; a C. the; the D. a; the7( ) 1 She saw_ English film last Sunday. But

19、 she can not remember name of _ film.A. an; a; a B. a; the; aC. an; the; a D. an; the; the( ) 2 There is_ old man under_ tree.A. an; the B. the; a C. a; the D. an; /( ) 3 -What was _ yesterday? -November 24.A.date B. the date C. day D. the day( ) 4 We shall visit your country in_ coming year.A. a B.

20、 the C. one D. that( ) 5 Mother does most of _ at home.A. cleaning B. a clean C. the cleaning D. clean8( ) 1 -Whose room is that?-Its_.A. the twins B. of Lucy and LilyC. of the twins D. the twins( ) 2 Im busy_.A. at the moment B. at that moment C. in a moment D. just a moment( ) 3 _ book is very use

21、ful. I bought it from_unknown little town.A. A; a B. The; a C. A; an D. The; an( ) 4 English is_ interesting subject for most of students.A. the; an B. the; the C. an; / D. an; the( ) 5 _ girl in _ Grade Three is _ tallest in our school.A. The; the; the B. A; a; a C. The; /; the D. A; /; a9( ) 1 Mr

22、White lives on _floor.A. the fifteen B. fifteen C. the fifteenth D. fifteenth( ) 2 A boy named Ding Wei kicked a goal early _ of the match. A. in the one half B. in the first half C. for the first half D. for half one( ) 3 He has tried twice, and the captain asks him to have _ third try. A. the B. a

23、 C. another D. other( ) 4 China is one of _ oldest countries in _ world.A. the; the B. the; / C. a; a D. an; the( ) 5 Mary is _ only girl who has been to American.A. a B. the fc. an D. /10( ) I We can see_sun and_moon in_ picture. A.a; the; the B. the; a; theC. a; the; a D. the; the; the( ) 2 o moon

24、 moves around _ earth, and they both are smaller than sun.A. The; an; a B. A; the; the C. /; /; / D. The; the; the( ) 3 Paris is _ capital of France.A. a B. / C. one D. the11( ) 1 _ Browns arrived there yesterday evening.A. / B. A C. The D. An( ) 2 Why not ask your father to draw_ map for you if you

25、 want to get to_Alices house easily?A. a; an B. /; an C. the; a D. a; /( ) 3 _ Browns are sitting at_ breakfast table.A. /; a B. The; / C. The; the D. / the( ) 4 _ Turners could not pay for _ colour TV set.A. The; a B. /; the C. /; a D. The; /( ) 5 They went to . Smiths and stayed there for half_ ho

26、ur.A. /; an B. the; a C. a; the D. the; an12( ) 1 Cotton is grown in _ China.A. north B. the north of C. the north D. a north( ) 2 Its _ pleasure to see _ sun rising in _ east.A. /; the; / B. a; /; / C. a; the; the D. /; the; the( ) 3 Most of us are from_.A. the south B. south C. the southern D. sou

27、thern( ) 4 _ United States lies in North America.A. An B. A C. The D. /13( ) I He likes playing_ piano, he doesnt like playing_ football.A. the; the B. the; / C. /; the D. /; /( ) 2 Tom enjoys playing _ football while I enjoy playing _ piano verymuch.A. the; the B. a; a C. /; the D. the; /( ) 3 Yest

28、erday his mother bought_ piano and_basketball in that big shop.A. the; a B. a; a C. /; / D. some; two14( ) 1 _ night, a stranger knocked at the door.A. One B. The C. An D. A( ) 2 We often play football in_ of the school building.A. a front B. fronts C. front D. the front( ) 3 Theres going to be_Engl

29、ish test next week. A. an; a . B. an; / C. the; a D. an; the( ) 4 There is a map on _ left of the picture.A. the B. / C. a D. an( ) 5 He takes a bath in_evening.A. the B. / C. a D.an15( ) 1 We should look after_ old.A. these B. those C. the D. an( ) 2 The young nurse is kind to _ ill in the hospital

30、.A. a B. an 0. / D. the( ) 3 _ poor in those days had a hard time. A. A B. This C. The D. Those( ) 4 Not all _ beautiful is good.A. the B. a C. / D. this16( ) 1 They sailed along _ Yellow River for two weeks before they arrived _ home.A. /; / B. the; / C. the; the D. /; the( ) 2 The students of our

31、school climbed_ West Mountains.A. the B. this C. that D. /3 The ship is sailing on_ Pacific OceanA.a B. the C. / D.that17( ) 1 -Excuse me, may I have_water, please? -Sorry, there isnt_water in_bottle. A. any; any; the B. some; some; a C. some; any; the D. some; any; a( ) 2 It is known to all that _

32、light travels faster than _ sound. A. /; / B. a; a C. the; the D. the; /( ) 3 _water (Water) is necessary in_peoples everyday life. A. /; / B. The; / C. The; the D. /; the( ) 4 I came here in_ autumn of 1982.A. one B. a C. an D. the18( ) 1 _ is the most difficult in this book.A. Lesson second B. The

33、 second lesson C. Second lesson D. Second lessons( ) 2 Tuesday is_ third day of the week. A. the B. / C. a D. an( ) 3 He is a student of_.A. class First B. the class one C. Class One D. First Class( ) 4 We were so late getting to the theatre that we missed most of _ .A. the act first B. Act One C. a

34、ct first D. first act( ) 5 Flight Nineteen from New York to Washington is now arriving at .A. Gate Two B. the gate two C. the two gate D. second gate( ) 6 He lived in_.A. the room 105 B. the 105 room C. the 105 of the room D. Room 10519( ) 1 Reading_books can add to knowledge. A. a B. this C. / D. t

35、hat( ) 2 All of_books here are Chinese.A. the B. / C. those D. that( ) 3 He like sports, such as football, basketball and so on.A. / B. a C. the D. an20( ) 1 -Where does Mike sit?-He sits _.A. on any the right B. at the front of meC. on my left D. at the back of me( ) 2 Me has _ few English books. H

36、e lent me, _ few of them last week.A. the; .a B. the; a C. a; the D. this; that( ) 3 _ Mr Smith is a teacher.A. The B. A C. This D. /( ) 4 Monday is my _ day.A. the busiest B. busy C. busier D. busiest21( ) 1 Before_supper, I always play_football.A. a; the B. the; / C. /; / D. /; the( ) 2 Lets go an

37、d take a walk after _ lunch.A. a B. the C. / D. this( ) 3 We had a party after _ meal that day.A. a B. the C. one D.( ) 4 When we called, the family were at_ dinner.A. / B. the C. a D. an22( ) 1 Mary became_monitor of our class.A. a B. an C. / D. the( ) 2 My father is_ chairman of the club.A. the B.

38、 / C. an D. this( ) 3 He was made_team leader.A. our B. that C. a D. the( ) 4 Mr Wang is coming to our school tomorrow.A. / B. The C. An D. This( ) 5 _ mother (Mother) is loved by us.A. The B./ C. One D. That23( ) 1 _ learning (Learning) English is very interesting to me.A. / B. The C. A D. An( ) 2

39、We all know that_ walking on the moon is very difficult.A. one B. the. C. / D. a( ) 3 _ running (Running) every morning is good for us.A. A B. / C. This D. That24( ) 1 Shall we go to see our teacher? She is ill .A. in a hospital B. in the hospitalC. in hospital D. in hospitals( ) 2 Have you ever tra

40、veled on _ train?A. the B. a C. an D. /( ) 3 He is going to London by _ sea.A. the B. a C. one D. /( ) 4 Marco Polo and his father traveled by_.A. a ship B. ships C. ship D. the ship25( ) 1 There is a book shop_.A. on my way school B. on my way to school C. on my way to the school D. in my way to sc

41、hool( ) 2 I go to_ school on foot because my home is near_ school. A. a; a B. the; the C. /; / D. /; the( ) 3 Mary has _ high fever and she has to be in _ hospital.A. a; / B. a; a C. /; / D. the; the( ) 4 Dont_. Its bad_your eyes.A. read in bed; to B. reading in bed; for C. read in the bed; for D. read in bed; for( ) 5 He stole the money and they put him_.A. in prison B. to prison C. at the prison D. in the prison26( ) 1.