2013年10月自学考试英语二真题试卷答案详解

1、2013年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）试卷真题解析（课程代码00015）本试卷分为选择题和非选择题两部分，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。第一部分为选择题。考生必须在“答题卡”上按要求填涂作答。第二部分为非选择题。第一部分选择题一、阅读判断（第110题，共10分）短文后列出10个句子，根据短文内容判断每个句子。A是正确，B是错误，C是文中未提及。Farms Appear in CitiesWhen you hear the word “farm”, you may imagine the countryside with cows and crops. But scien

2、tists say the farms of the future could be built in tall buildings in some large cities.It may be difficult to believe, but in fact, the technology for growing crops in doors already exists. Farming in the city is already happening. Some vegetables are already grown in greenhouses. Even the scientis

3、ts at the South Pole research station can enjoy fresh vegetables they grow in their own greenhouse.Experts say indoor farming solves many problems. First, traditional farming takes up a lot of land. Growing crops in tall buildings called vertical farming（垂直农业） can solve the problem. Also, fruits and

4、 vegetables grown indoors would not face serious threats from insects and weather.Though vertical farms dont exist yet, experts have created a plan for recycling in such farms. The water from indoor fish ponds would be used to water crops. Gases from crop waste would be used to heat the building. Wa

5、ste from chicken or pigs would be reused as a source of energy.But experts believe vertical farming is not going to be easy. They say it can be difficult to control climate conditions indoors. Besides, Plants differ in their weather and lighting needs. For example, some plants like warm, sunny weath

6、er, but other plants prefer cooler temperatures.Thats not to say these difficulties wont be overcome but it will take time. Most experts suggest it may take about 5 to 15 years before the first vertical farms could be created.【参考译文】农场出现在城市里（城中农场）当听到“农场”一词，你可能联想到乡下的母牛和庄稼等等。但科学家说，未来的农场可能会建在一些大城市的高楼里。此

7、事可能难以置信，可是事实上，在室内种庄稼已经存在了。城市里的农场已经出现，某些蔬菜已经在温室里生长。甚至在南极科考站，科学家们能享用他们在温室里自己栽种的新鲜蔬菜。据专家们说室内农场可以解决许多问题。首先，传统农场占据大片土地。在高楼里种庄稼（称之为垂直农业）可以解决此问题。再者说，水果和蔬菜室内种植不会受到害虫和气候的威胁。尽管垂直农场尚未成为现实，但是专家们已经在一些农场创建了再循环计划：把室内养鱼池的水用于浇灌农作物，把来自于农作物的废气用于建筑物的供热，来自于鸡和猪的粪便重新利用作为能源。但是专家认为垂直农业并不是一件容易的事。他们说，控制室内气候环境是困难的。除此之外，植物对气候和光

8、照需求有差异。例如，一些植物喜好温暖、阳光普照的气候，但另一些植物更喜欢较凉爽的温度。并不是说这些困难不能克服但是这将需要花时间。大多数专家指出，建立起第一个垂直农场可能需要五年到十五年的时间。1.The word “farm” may make you think of the countryside.A. True B. False C. Not Given【答案】A【解析】从第一段you may imagine the countryside with cows and crops可知，当提到“农场”这个词就会使你联想到乡村。2.It is still a dream for peopl

9、e to grow crops indoors.A. True B. False C. Not Given【答案】B【解析】从第二段in fact, the technology for growing crops in doors already exists. Farming in the city is already happening.可知，在室内种植不仅仅是个梦想。3.Scientists at the South Pole research station live a hard life.A. True B. False C. Not Given【答案】C【解析】文中提到南极科

10、考站的科学家在室内种植蔬菜，但是并未提及他们生活是否艰苦。4.Vertical farming does not need as much land as traditional farming.A. True B. False C. Not Given【答案】A【解析】正确常识，“垂直农场”当然不需要像传统农场那样大片土地。5.Fresh fruits and vegetables are very expensive in cities.A. True B. False C. Not Given【答案】C【解析】新鲜的水果和蔬菜在城市里是否非常昂贵，文中未提及。6.Crops grown

11、indoors would not be badly harmed by insects.A. True B. False C. Not Given【答案】A【解析】从第三段fruits and vegetables grown indoors would not face serious threats from insects and weather.可知，生长在室内的庄稼不会有虫害。7.Scientists do not know how to reuse the animal waste in vertical farms.A. True B. False C. Not Given【答

12、案】B【解析】从第四段Waste from chicken or pigs would be reused as a source of energy.可知，科学家知道在垂直农场如何利用动物的粪便。8.Some experts say vertical farming could be difficult.A. True B. False C. Not Given【答案】A【解析】从第五段But experts believe vertical farming is not going to be easy.可知，科学家认为建垂直农场不是件容易的事情。9.Indoor plants need

13、the same weather and lighting.A. True B. False C. Not Given【答案】 B【解析】从第五段Plants differ in their weather and lighting needs.可知，室内植物对气候和光照需求有差异。10.The first vertical farms appeared 5 years ago.A. True B. False C. Not Given【答案】B【解析】从第六段最后一句it may take about 5 to 15 years before the first vertical farms

14、 could be created.可知，不是第一个垂直农场出现在五年之前，而是还需要515年才能够建立起来。【试题分析】短文后面的这10个题目主要是考查了两个方面能力：阅读时对基本内容的掌握情况，能否理解短文中表达的概念或细节；另外一方面，迅速阅读短文，获取信息后做出正确判断的能力。二、阅读选择（第1115题，每题2分，共10分）阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出1个最佳选项。A Good LessonAfter living in Europe for seven years, my parents decided that my family would

15、move to the United States. We all looked forward to this. What would people think of us? For me, I hoped to be the hero of the class.I was not disappointed. All my classmates admired my experience, and I quickly became well known as “the French guy.” I was very popular for a time. However, I was not

16、 interested in many things my classmates did, and it was hard for me to connect with them. I enjoyed listening to classical music, never watched TV, and almost never watched movies.I did not have a common background with my friends because I grew up in Europe. I had few friends, and fewer good frien

17、ds. When I look back now, I realize I was a bit of an idiot to many people around me. I kept talking proudly about my experience. And I thought myself better than those around me because I lived in Europe but they didnt.I had decided I wanted better friends when my parents said that we were going to

18、 move again! I saw this as a perfect chance to get better friends, where people did not know of my unkind past.When we moved to California, I did not show off as I had done for five years. I did not tell everyone that I lived in Europe. I still listened to classical music, but I just kept my music t

19、o myself. Sure enough, I found that people like someone who is not typical but does not boast about it.Nothing can replace good friends, and if I had to control my temper and pride, it was well worth it.【短文大意】一个教训在欧洲生活了七年以后，我父母决定搬到美国。我们都盼望着搬家，人们会怎样对待我们？我希望成为班里的英雄。我没有失望。我的班里所有同学都羡慕我的经历，很快我以“法国男孩”著称。那

20、一段时间我很受欢迎，然而我对班里同学做的许多事情都不感兴趣，很难融入他们之中。我喜欢听古典音乐，从不看电视，也几乎从不看电影。因为我生长在欧洲，所以与我的朋友们背景不同。我没有几个朋友，好朋友更少。现在当我回顾往事，我意识到我对周围的人们有一点儿像个白痴一样，我总是高傲地谈到我的经历，并且我认为我比我周围的人都好，因为我曾生活在欧洲但他们没有。当我的父母说我们要再次搬家时，我决定我要有更好的朋友。我看到交好朋友的机会，因为那个地方的人对我的过去并不了解。我们搬到了加利福尼亚时，我没有像过去五年那样炫耀。我仍然听古典音乐，但是我只是自己欣赏。的确，我发现人们喜欢那种独特的但不夸耀的人。什么也不能

21、替代好朋友，如果为此不得不控制自己的脾气和傲慢，这也是值得的。【试题分析】本题题型是Reading Comprehension阅读理解。阅读理解部分主要测试考生英语的阅读、理解、分析、判断能力。考生需要熟练掌握一定的词汇量，把握文章的基本结构，理解文中说明要点的事实和细节，根据上下文语境推断领会作者的写作意图、观点和态度。考生也需要具有一定的阅读速度以及知识背景。一般来说，阅读理解题都可以分为主观题和客观题两大类。主观题用来测试考生的主观判断能力，包括对文章的中心思想、作者的意图和态度，以及整篇文章的逻辑关系的理解能力；客观题用来测试考生对原文内容中的客观事实的理解，要求考生理解文章中的具体事

22、实和抽象概念。阅读理解题型一般有下列四类：细节题、推断题、主旨题以及词义题。常用的提问形式有：细节：a.According to the passage, which of the following is （NOT ）True ?b.Which of the following statements is Not mentioned in passage ?c.From the passage, it can be seen that _ .d.The main reason for is _.推断：a.It can be inferred from the passage that _.b

23、.Form the passage we can infer （draw the conclusion） that _.c.It is implied in the passage that _.主旨：a.The passage is mainly about _ .b.The main idea of this passage is _.c.The passage mainly discusses _.d.The passage might be taken from _.词汇或短语：a.The word “” in line （Paragraph ）. most probably mean

24、s _.b.In paragraph , the word “” refers to （stands for） _.c.The word “”can be best replaced by _.d.The underlined word （phrase） “ ”in paragraph really means _.题目要求考生在理解全文的基础上，仔细读懂短文后每个问题，从所给出的四个选项中选出一个最符合题意的答案。阅读理解试题是考查考生语言运用能力的主要题型。因为阅读能力的高低直接影响获取信息的能力，所以阅读理解试题强调对全篇文章的整体把握，强调语言文化因素的作用及考生通过阅读理解解决实际问

25、题总的能力。考试对阅读理解能力的要求是具备一定的知识面，具有逻辑分析、思维反映、词汇量和概括能力。考生要想提高抓住主题、理解具体信息、做出正确判断和推理、弄清作者意图和态度等方面的阅读能力，必须广泛阅读，在量中求质，熟能生巧，并在实践中训练出快速阅读和猜测词义的能力。11.When I first moved to the US, I was very popular because of my _.A.good appearance B.outstanding talents C.French accent D.overseas experiences【答案】D【解析】从文中第二段和第三段的

26、关键词experiences可知，当我第一次搬到美国时，是我的“海外经历”使我名声大震。12.I had few good friends partly because I _ .A.looked down upon my classmatesB.liked listening to classical musicC.never went to the moviesD.came from a very rich family【答案】A【解析】作者没有几个好朋友的原因，从文中第三段中可知是由于看不起同学们looked down upon my classmates。13.The phrase “

27、an idiot” （Line 3, Part 3） most probably means _.A.an actor B.a cheater C.a fool D.a loser【答案】 C【解析】词汇题。A一个男演员，B一个骗子，C一个蠢人，D一个失败者。14.When we moved to California, I stopped _.A.boasting about my experienceB.talking about people around meC.enjoying the classical music aloneD.making friends with my cla

28、ssmates【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。从文中第五段推论可知，本文作者搬到加州以后，停止了对自己海外经历的吹嘘。15.The writer would probably agree that _ .A.good friends like the same kind of musicB.friends are more important than anything elseC.similar background is the key to friendshipD.a good friend never loses his/her temper【答案】B【解析】主旨题。文中最后一段，说明了

29、作者的态度和观点，也是本文的主旨。阅读选择题的应试技巧短文阅读主要测试考生对阅读的书面材料理解的程度，既可以为外语学习者提供运用语言知识、文化背景知识，又可以巩固所学语言知识技能、提高英语水平。所以是外语学习者必须掌握的基本技能，也是各种英语考试的重点内容。因此，阅读部分考试成绩的优劣在整个考试中起着举足轻重的作用，所以考生在备考的过程中必须加以重视。阅读理解是对字、词、句法的进一步学习和综合运用。要提高阅读能力，除了掌握的基本语法规则知识外，还要进行有意识的阅读训练。提高阅读能力的训练主要可以从下面三个方面入手：词汇、方法、侧重点。1）词汇在阅读过程中，不可避免地会碰到不认识的单词，考试中又

30、不允许查字典，有些不认识的单词对文章的理解影响不大，可以忽略。但有些不认识的单词则会影响阅读者对文章理解的正确性。在这种情况下，就需要利用猜字的技巧猜出词的含义。快速阅读的CPD公式 Context, Parts, Dictionary每日学习词汇 study vocabulary daily使用所学词汇 use the words you learn创立你自己的词汇表 create your own word list2）方法方法一：先看文章后做题。主要针对简单易懂的文章、时间又较充裕的情况。方法二：先看问题后再读文章再做题。这种方法在时间紧、文章长的情况下更为实用。这样可以带着问题去阅读，

31、文章中的内容与考题有关系时仔细阅读，与题目无关时，可以置之不理，很快跳过去。还有一些题目涉及一般常识或科普知识，可以在未阅读文章之前自己先行判断，在阅读时只要对自己的判断进行验证就可以了。3）三个侧重点除了题目本身所要求查找的细节外，阅读时要注意不要逐字逐句地翻译，而要侧重地阅读。侧重首段、尾段，首句、尾句。因为这些部分往往是作者所要谈及的论点、主题或中心思想，抓住了主干，那么细节问题就会迎刃而解。侧重语篇标志词。语篇中句子和句子之间、段落和段落之间就是通过这种词语连接起来的，把握住这些词语就等于把握了句与句、段与段之间的关系，对于获取所需信息、准确答题至关重要。侧重长句、难句。因为英语表达多

32、以冗长著称，论理性很强的文章更是如此。通过较长的句子来表达复杂的思想内容，从而使文章更具有说服力。所以，我们在阅读时，必须重视长句、难句，认真分析句子，把握住关键点。事实上，不少问题就是针对这些长句、难句而设置的。以上是归纳出的几点解英语阅读选择题目的技巧。考生在训练中应尽快掌握这些技巧，并在实践中摸索出一套适合自己的方法。第二部分非选择题三、概括段落大意和补全句子（第1625题，每题1分，共10分）Dormitory LifeLiving in a dormitory at college can be a great experience. However, if you take no

33、steps to make this experience positive, dormitory life can become a misery. When you choose to live in a college dormitory, you will have a better chance to live a colorful and meaningful life. Meanwhile, you will have to give up many things as well.When you live in a dormitory, you can meet many pe

34、ople with different interests. And you can enjoy the various services there. Both are very important to make you successful at college. But you may have to give up much of your personal space. You will share a room with someone else. This means you need to make peace with the things and people aroun

35、d you.You will have to learn some important life skills. For example, you will learn how to get along with people. You will also learn to ignore things that you cant change. But in the future, you will find these skills very helpful when you are working in the world.When you live in a dormitory, you

36、 can enjoy a wide range of campus services, which are not available to those who live off campus. If you have any school related problems, you have no difficulty finding someone to help, because the school hires people to help the students living there.Besides, living on campus means you dont have t

37、o travel to and from school in rush hours. And you are more involved in campus life. For example, you can have a better chance to take part in the club activities and make you own contributions. If you want to live a rich campus life, living in a dormitory is your best choice.Task 1A.Important life

38、skillsB.Other conveniencesC.Colorful campus lifeD.Various campus servicesE.Introduction to dormitory lifeF.Gains and costs of dormitory life16.Paragraph ：_【答案】E Introduction to dormitory life【解析】第一段是对宿舍生活的介绍。17.Paragraph ：_【答案】F Gains and costs of dormitory life【解析】第二段说明宿舍生活是有收获的。18.Paragraph ：_【答案】

39、A Important life skills【解析】第三段说明要学会必要的生活技能。19.Paragraph ：_【答案】D Various campus services【解析】第四段谈到了校园服务。20.Paragraph ：_【答案】20. B Other conveniences【解析】第五段说的是其它的一些便利服务。【试题分析】本题题型Task 1是概括段落大意，或者说是给每段加一个小标题。此题是考查考生提取关键信息的能力。短文后边给出六个选项，其中一个是干扰项。C. Colorful campus life “多彩的校园生活”，文中并没有这一段。Task 2A.start a n

40、ew lifeB.losing much of your private lifeC.have an unhappy dormitory lifeD.many of the campus servicesE.traveling from home to schoolF.good relation with others21.If you make no effort, you will _.【答案】C have an unhappy dormitory life【解析】原文：However, if you take no steps to make this experience positi

41、ve, dormitory life can become a misery.与选项C意思相符。22.Dormitory life means_.【答案】B losing much of your private life【解析】原文：But you may have to give up much of your personal space. 与选项B意思相符。23.You need to master many skills like how to keep _.【答案】F good relation with others【解析】原文：For example, you will lea

42、rn how to get along with people.与选项F意思相符。24.Those who live off campus cannot use _.【答案】D many of the campus services【解析】原文：When you live in a dormitory, you can enjoy a wide range of campus services, which are not available to those who live off campus.与选项D意思相符。25.Living on campus can save you the t

43、rouble of _.【答案】E traveling from home to school【解析】原文：Besides, living on campus means you dont have to travel to and from school in rush hours.与选项C的意思相符。【试题分析】本题题型Task 2 是补全句子，也是六选五的模式，其中有一个干扰项。A. start a new life “开始新的生活”，文中并未提及。四、填句补文（第2630题，每题2分，共10分）下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置

44、，以恢复文章原貌。将正确选项写到答题卡上。Grandpa My HeroMy grandfather had only one child and that was my mother. He always wanted a son but it never happened. _26 _ When my mom got pregnant, he thought he finally had a boy in the family, but it turned out that her first child was my old sister. When I was born, Grandp

45、a was very happy.He was the first to give me a baseball glove and to play baseball with me. My first glove was as small as my whole hand is now. When Grandpa gave me that glove, I was very excited. _27_ It was my pride and joy.When I was five, I played on my first baseball team and Grandpa was the c

46、oach. He wanted me to play one position, but I wanted to play another. _28_ I tried so hard that I made good progress. Grandpa was very proud of me. Ever since then, he has worked with me to make me a better player.Grandpa has helped me become not only a better player, but a better person. _29_ Toda

47、y Grandpa does not play baseball with me so often, but he still comes to every practice and game. He sits and watches my practices through rain and shine. _30_ I love him and hope he will be around for many more years to support me and baseball.A.I was so happy I even slept with it at my side.B.He w

48、anted a son because he wanted to teach him to play baseball.C.I owe him all my success in baseball and in my life.D.In order to make me happy, he let me play what I wanted.E.He was named our baseball teams number one fan by my coach.F.My grandpa is still working at a store.26._【答案】B【解析】B选项解释了前一句“姥爷想

49、要儿子”的原因。27._【答案】A【解析】A选项是前一句的进一步的阐述。28._【答案】D【解析】D选项与前一句是顺承关系。29._【答案】C【解析】C选项是对上一句的进一步阐述。30._【答案】E【解析】E选项是对上一句的进一步阐述。【参考译文】姥爷，我的英雄我的姥爷只有一个孩子，那就是我的母亲。姥爷他总想得到一个儿子但未能如愿。他想要儿子是因为他想教儿子打棒球。当我的母亲怀孕时，姥爷想，这个家终于要有一个男孩子了，但是第一个孩子是我的姐姐。当我降生时，我的姥爷非常高兴。姥爷是第一个给我棒球手套并且跟我一起打棒球的人。我的第一只棒球手套现在与我的手掌一样大小，当我得到它的时候非常兴奋，甚至在

50、睡觉时都把它放在身边，它是我的骄傲和欢乐。我五岁时，加入第一支棒球队，我姥爷是教练。他想让我打一个位置，但是我想打另一个位置。为了使我高兴，他让我如愿以偿。我练习十分努力并且进步很大。姥爷为我感到自豪。从此他与我一起，把我训练成为更好的棒球手。姥爷不仅仅帮助我变成好的棒球运动员，而且成为一个好人。我的棒球生涯和我的生活成功归功于我的姥爷。今天我的姥爷不能经常和我一起打棒球了，但是他仍然来观看我的每一场训练和比赛。他坐着观看着无论下雨还是太阳高照。我的教练称他为我们棒球队的第一粉丝。我爱我的姥爷，希望他健康长寿继续支持我和棒球。【试题分析】本题题型是考查文章的语段特征。考生要把握文章整体结构，对

51、内容了解透彻，上下句的连贯性和一致性，也是六选五的模式，其中有一个干扰项。F. My grandpa is still working at a store. “我的姥爷仍在一个商店工作”，文中并未提及。五、填词补文（第3140题，每题1.5分，共15分）下面的短文有10处空白，短文后列出12个词，其中10个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，将正确选项写到答题卡上。Protecting the FewHow we live our lives affects the environment. The environment is all the things aro

52、und you. All across Earth, humans are 31 the environment in small and large ways. We cut down trees to build houses. We plow fields to 32 crops. We pour waste into rivers, lakes and oceans .We use larger nets and bigger boats to catch 33 numbers of fish. Activities like these affect plants and anima

53、ls. They 34 affect things like the soil and water.Sometimes our actions make the number of a 35 plant or animal get larger. For example, if you planted roses in your yard, there would be more roses in your area.Our activities can also 36 to a smaller number of plants and animals. If a park were turn

54、ed into an apartment building, what would happen to the plants and animals there? Well, they would 37 die or move to other 38. There would be fewer plants and animals.Pollution and other activities sometimes cause the number of a species（物种）to become so 39 that it cannot survive. A species that is in 40 of dying out is called an endangered（濒危的）species.A.changingE.hugeI.increaseB.growF.placesJ.smallC.leadG.certain K.survivalD.eitherH.alsoL.danger31._【答案】A【解析】答案为A，意思为：正在改变环境。32