2014高考英语一轮精练：J单元完型填空海南、宁夏（即课标全国卷）（2013高考真题+模拟新题）(1)

1、 2014高考英语一轮精练完型填空J2013辽宁卷 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ForgivenessTo forgive is a virtue, but no one has ever said it is easy. When someone has deeply hurt you, it can be extremely difficult to let go of your hate. However, forgiveness is possible, and it can be surprisingly beneficial t

2、o your physical and mental health. People who forgive show less sadness, anger and stress and more hopefulness, according to a recent research._71_ Try the following steps：Calm yourself. _72_ You can take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure: a beautiful scene in nature

3、, or someone you love.Dont wait for an apology. Many times the person who hurt you does not intend to apologize. They may have wanted to hurt you or they just dont see things the same way. _73_ Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean becoming friends again with the person who upset y

4、ou.Take the control away from your offender(冒犯者). Rethinking about your hurt gives power to the person who caused you pain. Instead of focusing on your wounded feelings, learn to look for the love, beauty and kindness around you._74_ If you understand your offender, you may realize that he or she wa

5、s acting out of unawareness, fear, and even love. You may want to write a letter to yourself from your offenders point of view.Dont forget to forgive yourself. _75_ But it can rob you of your selfconfidence if you dont do it.AWhy should you forgive?BHow should you start to forgive?CRecognize the ben

6、efits of forgiveness.DTry to see things from your offenders angle.EFor some people, forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge.FTo make your anger die away, try a simple stressmanagement technique.GIf you wait for people to apologize, you could be waiting an awfully long time.【要点综述】 本文是说明文，主要讲宽恕、

7、原谅别人是一种美德，讲一些宽恕、原谅的技巧和方法。71B根据“Try the following steps”可判断下文讲述应当如何宽恕、原谅。72F“深呼吸，想一些令你愉快的事物”应该属于自我减压的技巧。73G根据这段的主题“Dont wait for an apology.”， 符合此主题的应该是G。74D根据这段的主题“Take the control away from your offender.”可知， 符合此主题的应该是D。75E根据这段的主题“Dont forget to forgive yourself.”可知，符合此主题的应该是E。J2013北京卷 根据短文内容，从短文后的

8、七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。UrbanizationUntil relatively recently, the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city. The first city was probably founded no more than 5，500 years ago. _71_ In fact, nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural (乡村的) villages. It was no

9、t until the 20th century that Great Britain became the first urban society in historya society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living.Britain was only the beginning. _72_ The process of urbanizationthe migration (迁徙) of people from the countryside to the citywas

10、the result of modernization, which has rapidly transformed how people live and where they live.In 1900, fewer than 40% of Americans lived in urban areas. Today, over 82% of Americans live in cities. Only about 2% live on farms. _73_Large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized

11、. Even in advanced agricultural societies, it took about ninetyfive people on farms to feed five people in cities. _74_ Until modern times, those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite(精英) and the servants, laborers and professionals who served them. Cities survived by taxing farmers and were

12、 limited in size by the amount of surplus food that the rural population produced and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city.Over the past two centuries, the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country. _75_ Today, instead of needing ninetyfive farme

13、rs to feed five city people, one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred nonfarmers.A. That kept cities very small. B. The rest live in small towns.C. The effects of urban living on people should be considered. D. Soon many other industrial nations became urban societies.EBut even 200 ye

14、ars ago, only a few people could live in cities.FModernization drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive.GModern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings.【要点综述】 这是一篇关于城市化的说明文，主要说明城市化的历史，并介绍了城市化过程中城市与农村的变化，以及社会分工的转化。71E考查段落中句子的并列关系。本空前谈到5500年前的居住情况，空后谈到20

15、世纪，所以此空应该也是讲的一个历史时期，所以选E。72D考查段落中句子的顺序关系。根据空前“Britain was only the beginning.”可知英国只是开始，后面应谈到其他国家。所以选D。73B考查段落中事物的比例关系。这里谈到的目前美国人口的分布。提到82%、2%的人口的居住情况，所以另外应该是对剩下的人的描述。所以选B。74A考查段落中句子的因果关系。95%的农业人口养活5%的城市人口，因此这制约了城市的发展。所以选A。75F考查段落中句子的因果关系。工业革命打破了城乡的平衡，带来的结果必然是更多人口涌向城市，且农业生产率提高。对应下文的“one American farm

16、er is able to feed more than a hundred nonfarmers”可知选F。J2013新课标全国卷 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Business is the organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want.The word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services.Most bus

17、inesses seek to make a profit(利润)that is, they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business. _71_ Commonly called nonprofits，these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers. _72_ Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of plann

18、ing, direction，and control of the operations of a business._73_ One is the establishment (制定)of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies; and accounting. _74_ The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departmen

19、ts. Direction is concerned primarily with supervision(监管)and guidance by the management in authority. _75_ A. Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work.B. In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative mana

20、gement.CExamples of nonprofit businesses include such organizations as social service agencies and many hospitals.D. However, some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.E. The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.F. In the theory of b

21、usiness management, organization has two main aspects.G. Planning in business management has three main aspects.【解析】71D考查上下文的语境理解。根据后文“Commonly called nonprofits, these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers.”可知，这些公司被普遍认为是非营利组织。所以，上文应该与其内容一致。D项：然而，一些公司只挣足够的钱来满足基本的经营费用。这说明它们不赚钱

22、。这与后文内容相符。此处However也是关键词，其前讲的是盈利活动，其后是非营利公司活动。72C考查上下文的语境理解。前文提到非营利公司，下文举例说明哪些是非营利组织。73G考查上下文的语境理解。第二段的第一句是总述，接下来从三个方面进行分述。74E考查上下文的语境理解。根据上文“经营管理计划有三个方面” 可知，这里谈的是第二个方面。下文是The third75A考查上下文的语境理解。根据前文可知，三个方面已经讲了两个方面，接下来是第三个方面的内容。即对公司管理的整体控制。故选A。J2013新课标全国卷 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Pub

23、lic Speaking TrainingGet a coach 51._，so get help. Since there are about a billion companies out there all ready to offer you public speaking training and courses, here are some things to look for when deciding the training thats right for you.Focus on positives Any training you do to become more ef

24、fective at public speaking should always focus on the positive aspects of what you already do well. Nothing can hurt confidence more than being told that you arent doing well. 52._， so good public speaking training should develop those instead of telling you what you shouldnt do. 53._ If you find a

25、public speaking course that looks as though its going to give you lots of dos and donts, walk away! Your brain is so full of what youre going to be talking about. 54._. As far as were concerned, there are basically no hard and fast rules about public speaking. Your audience can be your friends.You are a special person not a cloneMost importantly, good public speaking training should treat you as a special one, with your own personal habits. 55._. Your training course should help you bring out your personality, not try to turn you into someone youre not. A. Yo