八年级Lesson7-12

1、Lesson 7: Dont Be Late for Class!LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE掌握词汇：geography接触词汇：sometime, painter, timetable短语和句型：be late for, in two minutesKEY CONCEPTSFocus structures:Class will start in two minutes!We dont want to be late for class!LANGUAGE NOTES1. Dont be late for class! 上课不要迟到！be late for sth. 意思是“干某事迟到

2、 / 晚了”。类似的句型还有 be late to do sth. 例如：Mr. Smith was late for the meeting yesterday. 昨天，史密斯先生开会迟到了。They were too late to save her. 他们已来不及救她。2. What class did you just have? 你刚上了什么课？just 副词，意思是“刚刚，方才”。例如：The bell just rang. 铃刚刚响过。just 还可以表示“正好，恰好”。例如：It is her birthday and she is just seven years old.

3、今天是她的生日，她正好七岁。have a class 表示“有课，听课”。 例如：I have a history class at 9 oclock. 我九点钟有一节历史课。I have four classes every morning. 我每天上午上四节课。3. Its my favourite. 这是我最喜欢的（课）。favourite 表示“最喜欢的；最喜欢的人或事物”。可以作名词，也可以作形容词。这句话还可以说成Its my favourite class.4. I hope to see them sometime. 我希望找个时间看看它们。sometime 意为“某时（指一个

4、不确切的时间点）”，sometimes 意为“有时”，some time 意为“一段时间”，some times 意为“几次”。例如：Sometimes he stay at home on rainy days. 他有时雨天待在家里。Hell be away for some time. 他要离开一段时间。Please come to see me sometime next week. 请下周抽个时间来看我吧。I am sure that we have met some times before. 我肯定我们从前见过几次。5. I like art too, but Im not ver

5、y good at it. 我也喜欢美术，但我不太擅长。be good at sth./doing sth. 意思是“擅长做”，相当于 do well in sth./doing sth. 例如：I may not be good at maths now, but if I work hard, I will be really good in the future! 我可能现在不太擅长数学，但是如果我努力学习，将来我一定会学好。Do you believe that only boys do well in science? 您认为只有男孩才能在科学上有所建树吗？6. Im not goi

6、ng to be a painter in the future. 我不打算将来成为一个画家！in the future 意思是“在将来，未来”。例如：What will happen in the future? 将来会发生什么呢？7. Ive told you many times, Jenny. 詹妮，我已经告诉你很多次了。本句时态是现在完成时，ve 是 have 的缩写。time当“倍数，次数”讲时是可数名词。例如：This tree is 3 times taller than that one. 这棵树比那棵高三倍。You should take this medicine 3 t

7、imes a day. 这药你应该一天吃三次.8. You dont need to be good at it. 你不必擅长绘画。在肯定句中动词 need 通常用作实义动词。例如：They need to finish the project on time. 他们需要按时完成项目。You need to take an umbrella with you. 你需要带把伞。在否定句和疑问句中，need 既可以用作实义动词，也可以用作情态动词。例如：You neednt finish that work today. 或 You dont need to finish that work to

8、day. 你今天不必把那项工作完成。Need you go out? 或 Do you need to go out? No, I neednt. 你一定得去吗？不，我不必去。What do you need to take with you on holiday? 你去度假需要带什么东西？need 还可以用作名词。例如：There is a great need for a new book on this subject.非常需要有一本这方面的新书。There is no need for you to start yet. 你现在还不必动身。9. I am much better at

9、art this year. 今年我的美术课学得更好了。be better at 是 be good at 的比较级，“much 比较级”的意思是“更；得多”。例如：Information began to travel much faster and much farther. 信息开始传播地更快更远。修饰比较级的词还有 a little, a bit, even, far 等。so,very, quite 不能修饰比较级。10. What time is it, please? 请问，几点了？What time is it? 用来询问时间，意为“几点了？”。还可以说 What is the

10、 time? 或 What is the time by your watch? 例如： What time is it? 几点了？ Its nine oclock. 九点。11. Class will start in two minutes! 两分钟以后就要开始上课了！start 与 begin 同义。in 后面加上一段时间表示“一段时间以后”，常用于一般将来时。例如：Well hold the Olympic Games in three years. 三年后我们将举办奥运会。教学反思：Lesson 8: E-mail Helps!LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE掌握词汇：excep

11、t, tonight接触词汇：physical, runner短语和句型：physical education (P.E.)KEY CONCEPTSFocus structures:All of our teachers make us study very, very hard.Everyone laughed except the teacher.It is the best way to learn the language.This week, we are talking about our favourite subjects in school.LANGUAGE NOTES1.

12、All of our teachers make us study very, very hard.我们所有的老师都让我们非常非常努力地学习。make, let和have是三个使役动词，意为“使，让”，当其加复合宾语时，若宾语补足语为不定式时省略不定式符号 to，即 make sb./sth. do。例如：The boy made his dog stand with two legs. 这个男孩子让他的狗用两条腿站着。The hot weather made me tired. 炎热的天气使我疲倦。2. Yesterday in P.E. class, I put Brians shorts

13、 on my head and his runners on my hands. 在昨天的体育课上，我把布莱恩的短裤套在头上，把他的跑鞋穿在手上。put on 意为“穿上；戴上；上演”，表示动作。而wear 意为“穿着 ”，表示状态。例如：Dad put on his coat and hat and went out of the room.爸爸穿上外套，戴上帽子，走出了房间。The girls are all wearing colorful dresses in summer.夏天，女孩子都穿着五颜六色的裙子。3. Everyone laughed except the teacher.

14、 除了老师之外大家都笑了。except 表示“除之外”，不包括 except 之后的内容，其后可接名词、代词。例如：We all crossed the river except Tom. 除了汤姆，我们都过了河。I can speak three languages except French. 除了法语之外，我会说三种语言。此外，besides 也是介词，意思是“除之外（尚有）”，包括 besides 之后的内容。例如：He also knows Japanese besides English. 除了懂英语之外，他也懂日语。（两门外语都懂）4. “Thats not funny, Dan

15、ny,” he said. But I saw him smile. “这一点也不好玩儿，丹尼。”他说。但我看到他笑了。see sb. do sth. 意思是“看见某人干了某事”；see sb. doing sth. 意思是“看见某人正在干某事”。前者强调结果，后者强调过程。感官动词 hear, listen to, watch, notice, feel 等也可以这样用。例如：I saw an old man get on the bus. 我看见一位老人上了公共汽车。（已上了车）We often hear them sing the song in the next room. 我们经常听

16、见他们在隔壁唱这首歌。（唱完这首歌）The policemen saw a few men stealing a car. 警察们看见几个人正在偷一辆汽车。（车不一定被偷走）5. I have written three e-mails in English today. 今天我已经用英语写了三封电子邮件了。in 表示“用语言”。 例如：The pop star sang two songs in English at the concert.这位流行歌星在演唱会上用英语唱了两首歌。6. It is the best way to learn the language. 这是学习英语最好的方法

17、。句中的 It 是形式主语，而真正的主语是后面的不定式 to learn the language。例如：It is comfortable to drink a cup of hot coffee in winter.在冬天，喝一杯热咖啡是很舒服的。7. Ms. Liu gives us lots of interesting projects inEnglish class. 在英语课上，刘老师给我们很多有趣的课题。lots of 也可以用 a lot of，意为“许多，大量”。后面可以跟可数名词也可以跟不可数名词。例如：There are lots of beautiful places

18、 in the west in this country. 在这个国家西部有很多美丽的地方。8. She has helped me with my maths homework a lot.她在我的数学作业上给我帮助很多。help 常用语句型 help sb. (to) do sth. 和 help sb. withsth. 中，表示“帮助某人做某事”。例如：We should help small children cross the street. 我们应该帮助小孩子过马路。Kate often helps her mother with her housework at weekend

19、s. 凯特在周末经常帮助她妈妈做家务。句中的 a lot 做状语。如果修饰名词则须加上 of。例如：Thanks a lot. 多谢了。I have a lot of work to do. 我有很多工作要做。教学反思：Lesson 9: I Dont Want to Miss Geography!LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE掌握词汇：since, poor, cough, because, seem接触词汇： convenient短语和句型：miss class/school, have a cough, not at all, be convenient for.KEY CONCE

20、PTSFocus structures:I had to miss school./I didnt want to miss myfavourite class.Im fine today, but I still have a cough.What time is convenient for you?LANGUAGE NOTES1. I havent seen you since Tuesday, Li Lin. 李琳，自星期二以来我就没有见到你。since 可作介词或连词，意思是“自以来；自以后”。例如：I have been there many times since 2008. 自

21、 2008 年以来，我曾多次去那儿。（since 后接时间点时，谓语动词用现在完成时，而且多是延续性动词。）They have lived in that house since two years ago. 自从两年前，他们就住在那间房子里。（since 后接一段时间 ago 时，谓语动词用现在完成时，而且多是延续性动词。）What have you been doing since I last saw you? 自我上次和你见面以后，你在做什么？（since 后接时间状语从句时，主句的谓语动词用现在完成时，而且多是延续性动词；从句的谓语动词用一般过去时，而且多是终止性动词。）2. Wha

22、ts the matter? 怎么啦？Whats the matter (with you)? 是表示询问某人情况的话，类似的表达还有：Whats wrong (with you)?Whats the trouble (with you)? Is there anything wrong with your.? Whats up? What happened (toyou)? 等。3. I had to miss school. 我只得误课了。(1) have to 与其他情态动词一样，后接动词原形，表示客观上的需要，强调被迫性，有“不得不”的含义。可用于多种时态，形式随时态变化而变化，还可以

23、用在其他情态动词之后。例如：I had to tell him about that bad news. 我不得不把这个坏消息告诉他。I think he may have to help his dad in the garden. 我想他可能不得不在花园里帮他爸爸。She doesnt have to worry about that. 她没有必要担心那件事。(2) miss 作动词时常用的意思有“错过；未击中；未得到，未见到；发觉丢失；想念”。例如：He fired at the target but missed it. 他向靶子开了枪，但未击中。He threw the ball t

24、o me, but I missed it and it landedon the ground. 他把球扔给我，但我没接住，球落在了地上。I was late because I missed the bus. 我迟到了，因为我误了公共汽车。I was lucky to miss the traffic accident. 我很幸运躲过了车祸。When did you miss your pen? 你什么时候发现钢笔丢了？I know you miss your mother. 我知道你想念你的母亲。4. Im fine today, but I still have a cough. 我今

25、天感觉很好，但仍然咳嗽。have a cough 意思是“咳嗽”，也可以说 have got a cough，类似的说法还有：have a cold 感冒，have a flu 患流感，have a headache 头疼等。5. The doctor asked me to rest at home this week. 医生让我这周在家休息。ask sb. (not) to do sth. 表示“让某人（不要）做某事”，类似用法的词还有：tell, want, like 等。例如：Our teacher asked us not to make noises in our classroo

26、m. 老师让我们在教室里不要喧闹。Lilys mum wants her to be a doctor. 莉莉的妈妈想让她当一名医生。6. We learn about famous mountains and rivers in geography. 在地理课上，我们学习著名的山脉和河流。learn about 意为“了解，学习”。例如：I have learned about your school from your classmate.我已经从你的同学那儿了解你的学校了。7. I also like geography, but physics is a headache forme.

27、 I dont understand it at all. 我也喜欢地理，但物理对我来说是个令人头疼的科目。我根本就听不明白。not at all 的用法有：1) 用于回答感谢，意思是“不用谢；不客气”。例如： Thanks for helping me. 谢谢你帮助我。 Not at all. I enjoyed it. 别客气，很高兴能帮你。2) 用于回答道歉，意思是“没关系”。例如： Im sorry Im late. 对不起，我迟到了。 Oh, not at all, do come in. 噢，没关系，快进来。3) 用来表示否定（是 no 的加强说法），意思是“一点也不；完全不”。例

28、如： Are you busy? 你忙吗？ Not at all. 一点儿也不忙。8. What time is convenient for you? 你什么时候方便？convenient 意为“方便的”。如果想表达“如果你方便的话”可用 if it is convenient for you，不能用 if you are convenient。例如：If it is convenient for you, fetch me some water please. 如果你方便的话，请给我拿些水来。9. Its a date. 一言为定。Its a date! See you tomorrow.

29、 就这么说定了！明天见。date 作名词时常用的意思有“日期；约会；枣”。例如：I cant come on that date. 那个日子我来不了。I have a date with Jenny. 我和詹妮有个约会。Do you like to eat dates? 你喜欢吃枣吗？教学反思：Lesson 10: Looking for LisaLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE掌握词汇：rush, into, shout, quarter接触词汇：Lisa, Bill, download, librarian,suddenly, whisper 短语和句型：No noise, pleas

30、e! a quarterKEY CONCEPTSFocus structures:No noise, please!I told her to meet me at a quarter to three./Its aquarter after three.LANGUAGE NOTES1. Jenny and Bill meet at 3 oclock to work on theirproject. 詹妮和比尔在三点钟见面，一起研究他们的课题。work on 表示“从事，继续做”。例如：The doctors are still working on treating the patient.

31、医生们仍在致力于治疗这个病人。She has worked on the project for three years. 她做这项工程已经三年了。2. I have downloaded some more pictures of Beijing.我下载了更多关于北京的照片。some more 表示“另一些，再一些”，可以修饰可数名词或不可数名词，其中 some 还可以换成具体的数字。例如：Do you want some more tea? 你还想再来点儿茶吗？We have to work three more days to finish the workon time. 为了按时做完

32、工作 ，我们还得再工作三天。3. Suddenly the door opens. Danny rushes into the1library with a basketball in his hand. 突然门开了，丹尼手里拿着一个篮球冲进图书馆。（1）rush into 表示“冲进；匆忙进入”，后面一般跟建筑物。例如：The students rushed into the house. 学生们冲进了房子。rush to 表示“冲向某物”，后面直接跟某物或某人。例如：The boy rushed to the old man. 那个男孩冲向了那个老人。（2）with a basketbal

33、l in his hand 是 with 的复合结构作状语。with 的复合结构由 with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语构成。例如：The girl smiles with tears on her face. 这个女孩子笑了，脸上还挂着泪珠。The boy stands there, with a little dog in front of him.男孩站在那里，前面有一只小狗。4. No noise, please! 禁止喧哗！noise 既是可数名词，也是不可数名词，意思是“噪音，声响，喧哗声”。例如：Dont make any noise because my mum is sleep

34、ing.我妈妈在睡觉，别出声。Who is making those strange noises? 谁弄出的那种怪声？5. I told her to meet me at a quarter to three. 我告诉她两点四十五分来找我。a quarter 意思是“一刻钟”。例如：a quarter to three 差 一 刻 钟 不 到 三 点， 即 两 点四十五分。下文中的 a quarter after three意思是“三点一刻”。另外，quarter 还表示“四分之一”。例如：Three quarters of the earth is covered with water.

35、 地球上四分之三的面积被水覆盖着。a quarter after three = a quarter past three = quarterpast/after three = three fifteen = 3:15表达时刻有两种方法：1) 先说钟点，后说分钟。例如：eight twenty (8:20),eleven fifty (11:50), twelve thirty (12:30)等。2) 分钟数 past （过了） to （差） 钟点数。分钟数超过了 30 分用分钟数 to/ of 下一个钟点数；分钟是 30 或不到 30 用 past/ after；遇到 15 分钟时一般用

36、(a) quarter（一刻）；遇到 30 分钟时用half。例如：(a) quarter past/ after four (4:15) (a) quarter to/ ofseven (6:45)twenty past/ after three (3:20) five to/ of ten (9:55)half past/ after seven (7:30)6. Shes half an hour late! 她迟到半小时了！half an hour 作状语，修饰 late。例如：My sister often gets up late. So she is often late for

37、school. 我妹妹总是起床晚，所以她经常上学迟到。Youre a quarter late. Dont be late tomorrow. 你迟到一刻钟了。以后可别再晚了。7. Maybe shes there! 也许她在那儿！maybe 是副词，一般位于句子开头，表示“也许，可能”。例如：There are dark clouds in the sky. Maybe it will rainsoon. 天上有乌云了，也许一会儿要下雨了。Jim is not here (yet). Maybe he is coming later. 吉姆还没有来，也许他晚点儿过来。情态动词 may 也可以

38、表示推测，所以以上两个例句可以改为：There are dark clouds in the sky. It may rain soon.Jim is not here (yet). He may come later.教学反思：Lesson 11: Lily Learns about China!LESSON PREPARATIONLANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE掌握词汇：recently, southern, tourist短语和句型：Mothers Day, Fathers DayKEY CONCEPTSFocus structures:We have Mothers Day and

39、 Fathers Day here, but noChildrens Day.LANGUAGE NOTES1. We learn about different countries of the world. 我们了解世界上不同的国家（的事情）。learn 是动词，意思是“学习，学会，了解”。learn about 意为“（通过某种途径）得知，获知（有关的信息）。例如：I began to learn English when I was seven years old.我七岁开始学习英语。How did you learn the news? 你怎么知道（获悉）这消息的？I didnt le

40、arn about that until my friend told me. 直到朋友告诉我，我才知道那件事。Children learn about the world by playing. 孩子们通过玩来了解世界。2. Our teacher once worked in southern China. 我们的老师曾经在中国的南方工作过。southern 在句中作形容词，意为“（在）南方的，向南方向的”。northern, western, eastern 分别表示“北方的”，“西方的”，“东方的”。例如：She lives in southern Italy. 她住在意大利南部。3.

41、 I think so. 我想是的。so 是代词，代替上文提到的情况。否定时用 I dont think so. 类似用法的词还有：suppose, expect,believe 等，但 hope 只能说 I hope not. 而不能说 I dont hope so.4. A few days ago, our teacher took us to a Chinesegrocery store and a Chinese restaurant. 几天前，我们的老师带我们去了一家中国食品店和一家中国餐馆。1) take 是动词，在句中意为“带领，带去”。Take sb. to. 意思是“带领某

42、人去”。例如：She took us to a beautiful garden. 她带领我们去了一个漂亮的花园。Mum is not at home. Dad will take us to school. 妈妈不在家。爸爸将送我们上学。2) a few 意为“几个，有些（表示肯定）”；few作形容词，表示“很少数的，几乎没有的”，两者都修饰可数名词复数。a little 表示“一点儿，少量，一些，少许”；little 意为“少，不多”，两者都修饰不可数名词。例如：Tom bought a few books on his way home. 汤姆在回家的路上买了几本书。There were

43、 few people in the streets. 街上人很少。I had only a little food for breakfast. 早餐我只吃了一点食物。We got little help from them. 我们没有从他们那儿得到什么帮助。5. On Mothers Day and Fathers Day, children saythank you to their parents. 在母亲节和父亲节这天，孩子们向他们的父母道谢。在指具体的日期时用 on。say thank you to 意为“向道谢”。类似的短语还有：say sorry to向道 歉，say hello to 向 问 好， say goodbye to向道别，say no to 拒绝某人 ，say y