高一英语定语从句讲解精华版

1、.定 语 从 句 一、基本概念： 定语：定语从句： Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now? That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 引导词：关系词关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which; 在从句中充当：关系副词有：when, where, why. 在从句充当：先行词：定语从句中引关系词的作用：二、关系词的用法： （一）关系代词的用法： 1 He is the man lives next door. The train has just

2、 left is for Shenzhen. 2 The man _ we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book _I bought last week? （二）关系副词的用法： 1 I still remember the time _I first became a college student. Do you know the date _Lincoln was born? (三) 使用关系副词应注意下列几点： 1 这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构： when = on (in, at, dur

3、ing) + which; where = in (at, on) + which; why = for which. 如： I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived. The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it. 2 当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关

4、系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： Ill never forget the day _ my hometown was liberated. Ill never forget the days_we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory_radio parts are made. His father works in a factory_makes radio parts. 三限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 1限制性定语从句This is the t

5、elegram which he refers to. Is there anything (that) I can do for you? 2非限制性定语从句This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago. As a boy, he was always making things, most of which were electric. 引导非限制性定语从句的关系词有who, whom, whose, which, when 和 where不可以用that和why。 注意：I told the story to John, who

6、 later did it to his brother. = I told the story to John, and he later told it to his brother. Yesterday I happened to see John, who was eager to have a talk with you. = Yesterday I happened to see John and he was eager to have a talk with you. 4先行词为整个主句或是主句中的一个部分，用which或as来引导。如： He passed the exam,

7、 which/as he hoped he would. 注：（1）as引导的从句可以放在主句之前、中、后，而which引导的从句只能放在主句之后。 They are hollow, which makes them very light. As is known to all, Taiwan is a part of China. （2）as常译成“就象 那样”，正如.as 的短语As everybody knows, Luxun is a famous writer.Luxun, as everybody knows, is a famous writer.as we all know ,

8、 as often happens, as you see, as is known to all as is expected, as has been said before, as I can remember四关系词的选择 1 在限制性定语从句中，当先行词指物时，只能用that，不用which的情况： (1) 当先行词是all, a lot, (a) little, few, much, none, anything, something, everything, nothing等词时。如： All that can be done has been done. In this fac

9、tory I saw little / much that was different from ours. (2) 当先行词被all, any no, much, little, few, every等限定词所修饰时。如： We heard clearly every word that he said. (3) 当先行词是序数词或被序数词所修饰时。如： The first thing that should be done is to get the tickets. When people talk about Hangzhou, the first that comes to mind

10、 is the West Lake. (4) 当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级所修饰，以及先行词被序数词和形容 词最高级同时修饰时，如： Is that the best that you can do? Thats the most expensive hotel that weve ever stayed in. This novel is the second best one that I have ever read. (5) 当先行词被 the very, the only, the next, the last等所修饰时。如： This is the very book t

11、hat I want to find. (6) 当先行词为指人和指物的两个并列名词词组时。如： The guests spoke highly of the children and their performances that they saw at the Childrens Palace. She described in her compositions the people and places that impressed her most. (7) 当主句是以which开头的特殊疑问句时。如： Which is the car that killed the boy? 2. 在

12、定语从句中，当先行词指人时，用who(m)，而不用that的情况： (1) 当先行词是one, ones, any, few, anyone, anybody, someone, somebody, everyone, everybody等词时。如： Is there anyone who can answer this question? He was among the few who managed to live through the enemy prison camp. (2) 当先行词是he, they, those, people, person等词时。如： He who wa

13、nts to catch fish just not mind getting wet. Those who are against the proposal put up your hands. 3. 在定语从句中，当先行词指人时，在下列情况中，一般用关系词that: (1) 当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。如： Who is the man that is reading the newspaper over there? Which of us that knows anything does not know this? (2) 当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词所修饰时。

14、如： He is the greatest man that has ever lived. (3) 当先行词被the only, the very, the last等词所修饰时。如： She is the only person that understands me. 4介词+关系代词 介词的选择1.介词与定语从句中的动词、形容词搭配Human have the ability to modify the environment they live.He was generous with his time, I was grateful.2. 介词与 先行词搭配By nine oclo

15、ck, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, _ appeared a rare rainbow soon. A. of which B. on which C. from which D. above which3.of which 的用法1） For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread our further, _ New York is an example. A. for which B. in which C.

16、of which D. from which2）The man pulled out a gold watch, were made of small diamonds.A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands of C. which the hands of D. the hands of which选择正确的介词：on in for of with to1. I disagree with the facts _ which your argument is based.2. The song, _ which he was interested, wi

17、ll never be heard again.3. This is the reason _ which he often comes to school late.4. I will never forget the way _ which my father taught me.5. This is the boy _ whom were proud.6. I want to find the very pen _which I wrote the letter.7. They are the boys _whom our teachers are speaking highly.8.

18、It is necessary to name the person _whom the cards belong.9. It is important to choose good friends _ whom you can share your happiness.10. I would like to do business with those people _whom I can rely.高中定语从句专项练习题1.The place _interested me most was the Childrens Palace.A. Which B. where C. what D.

19、in which2.Do you know the man _?A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke3.This is the hotel _last month.A. which they stayed B. at that they stayedC. where they stayed at D. where they stayed4.Do you know the year _the Chinese Communist Party was founded?A. which B. that C. when

20、 D. on which5.That is the day _Ill never forget.A. which B. on which C. in which D. when6.The factory _well visit next week is not far from here.A. where B. to which C. which D. in which7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _we are working.A. where B. that C. which D. there8.Thi

21、s is one of the best films _.A. that have been shown this year B. that have shownC. that has been shown this year D. that you talked9.Can you lend me the book _the other day?A. about which you talked B. which you talkedC. about that you talked D. that you talked10.The pen _he is writing is mine.A. w

22、ith which B. in which C. on which D. by which11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of _sat a small boy.A. whom B. who C. which D. that12.The engineer _my father works is about 50 years old.A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom13.It there anyone in your class _family is in the country?A

23、. who B. whos C. which D. whose14.Im interested in _you have said.A. all that B. all what C. that D. which15.I want to use the same dictionary _was used yesterday.A. which B. who C. what D. as16.He isnt such a man _he used to be.A. who B. whom C. that D. as17.He is good at English, _we all know.A. t

24、hat B. as C. whom D. what18.Li Ming, _to the concert enjoyed it very much.A. I went with B. with whom I went C. with who I went D.I went with him19.I dont like _ as you read.A. the novels B. the such novels C. such novels D. same novels20.He talked a lot about things and persons _they remembered in

25、the school.A. which B. that C. whom D. what21.The letter is from my sister, _is working in Beijing.A. which B. that C. whom D. who22.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of _are women.A. them B. which C. whom D. who23.Youre the only person _Ive ever met _could do it.A. who;/ B./; whom

26、C. whom;/ D./; who24.I lost a book, _I cant remember now.A. whose title B. its title C. the title of it D. the title of that25.Last summer we visited the West Lake, _Hangzhou is famous in the world. A. for which B. for that C. in which D. what26.I have bought such a watch _ was advertised on TV.A. t

27、hat B. which C. as D. it27.I can never forget the day _ we worked together and the day _ we spent together.A. when; which B. which; when C. what; that D. on which; when28.The way _he looks at problems is wrong.A. which B. whose C. what D./29.This is the reason _he didnt come to the meeting.A. in whi

28、ch B. with which C. that D. for which30.This machine, _for many years, is still working perfectly.A. after which I have looked B. which I have looked afterC. that I have looked after D. I have looked after31.The reason _he didnt come was _he was ill.A. why; that B.that;why C. for that;that D.for whi

29、ch;what32.He is working hard, _will make him pass the final exam.A.that B.which C.for which D.who33.That is not the way _I do it.A./ B.which C.for which D.with which34.I have two grammars, _are of great use.A. all of which B. either of which C. both of that D. both of which35.I want to use the same

30、tools _used in your factory a few days ago.A. as was B. which was C. as were D. which36.My neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _ was very kind of them.A. who B. which C. that D. it 37.This is the magazine _ I copied the paragraph.A. that B. which C. from that D. from which 38.He i

31、s not such a man _ would leave his work half done.A. that B. which C. who D. as 39. You can depend on whatever promise _ he makes.A. / B. why C. when D. whose 40. Smoking, _ is a bad habit, is, however, popular.A. that B. which C. it D. though 41. - Did you ask the guard _ happened?- Yes, he told me

32、 all _ he knew.A. what; that B. what; what C. which; which D. that; that 42. I shall never forget those years _ I lived on the farm withthe farmers, _ has a great effect on my life.A. when; who B. that; which C. which; that D. when; which 43. The number of the people who _ cars _ increasing.A. owns;

33、 are B. owns; is C. own; is D. own; are 44. During the days _, he worked as a servant at the Browns.A. followed B. following C. to follow D. that followed 45. Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn?A. that B. / C. which D. it 46. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _ he could see _ was going o

34、n inside house.A. which; what B. through which; what C. through that; what D. what; that 47. Is _ some German friends visited last week?A. this school B. this the school C. this school one D. this school where 48. John got beaten in the game, _ had been expected.A. as B. that C. what D. who 49. I ha

35、ve bought two ballpens, _ writes well.A. none of them B. neither of them C. neither of which D. none of which 50. All that can be eaten _ eaten up.A. are being B. has been C. had been D. have been 1. Nearly all the streets are in straight lines, _ from east to west. Those _ run from north to south a

36、re called avenues.A. running; that B. run; who C. running; who D. run; that2. This is the case _ hes had all his money stolen.A. when B. where C. that D. on which3. Mr. Smith will pay a visit to Beijing this autumn, _ we will enjoy the Olympic Games in 2008. A. where B. when C. which D. how4. The ar

37、tist will not paint people or animals but he will paint anything _ .A. that the little girl asks him B. the little girl asks him toC. for the little girl to ask him D. what the little girl asks him5. How did you get in touch with the travel agent, Robin?Oh, thats easy. I surfed the Internet and then

38、 called one _ the telephone number is provided.A. which B. in which C. of which D. whose6. October 15 th is my birthday, _ I will never forget.A. when B. that C. what D. which7. The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point _ he can walk correctly and safely.A. when B. where C. whi

39、ch D. whose8. There are several research centers in China _ a certain disease called Bird Flu is being studied.A. which B. where C. when D. what9. I hope that the little _ I have been able to do does good to them all.A. which B. what C. that D. when10. The time is not far away _ modern communications will becom