安徽省2016年第一季度学科教师专业测试卷(高中英语)北辰版

1、校区_学段_学科教师：_分数：_装订线安徽省2016年第一季度学科教师专业测试卷（英语） （总分150分，时长120分钟）第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2分，满分30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并填写在答题卡上。AResearch shows that childhood friendships are important indicators of future success and social adjustment. Childrens relationships with peer

2、s strongly influence their success in school，and children with fewer friends are more at risk of dropping out of school，becoming depressed and other problems.Making and Keeping Friends Is More than Childs PlayWhen 6yearold Rachel returned to school on a recent Monday morning，her eyes immediately sca

3、nned the playground for her friend Abbie.“Though they were only separated by a weekend，the girls ran right into each others arms and hugged，”recalls Rachels mother Kathryn Willis of Gilbert.“It was like a scene from a movie.”Most parents instinctively know that having friends is good for their child

4、.Experts agree that friendship is not simply childs play，but a powerful predictor of social adjustment throughout life.A Skill for Life“Childhood friendships serve as a very important training ground for adulthood，” says Dr.Robbie AdlerTapia，psychologist with the Center for Childrens Health & Life D

5、evelopment at the East Valley Family Resource Center.Researcher William Hartup states，“Peer relations contribute significantly to both social and cognitive development.” Hartup concludes that the single best childhood predictor of adult social adaptation is not school grades or classroom behavior，bu

6、t rather，how well a child gets along with other children.The work of Arizona State University professor of Developmental Psychology Gary Ladd proves that just as being able to make and keep friends is beneficial to kids，so is the lack of friends detrimental.Good Friendships Dont Just HappenExperts a

7、gree that it is essential for children to establish highquality friendships.But，researchers warn，these friendships dont necessarily just happen.Often，a good friendship begins with involved parents.Psychologist Dr.Lynne Kenney Markan believes kids should be taught social skills in much the same way t

8、hey are taught math and reading.Bad CompanyMany parents worry about the quality as well as the quantity of their childs friendships.“When she was in 1st grade，her supposed best friend began calling her names and threatening to hurt her，” says Mindy Miller.“My daughter wasnt allowed to talk to or eve

9、n look at other girls in her class.It really crushed her spirit.I told my daughter she didnt need a friend like that.”“Ill bend over backwards to help my son get together with a friend I think is good for him，” AdlerTapia says.“I dont look at it as manipulation，just positive parental involvement.”1T

10、he example of Rachel and Abbie is used to illustrate that_.Achildhood friendship is of great significance to their growthBa positive friendship helps children solve emotional and physical problemsCit is a proven fact that peer friendship is the most rewarding experience throughout lifeDRachel missed

11、 her friend Abbie very much because of their separation of one weekend2The underlined word “detrimental” could be replaced by_.AaggressiveBdisappointingCridiculousDharmful3We can learn from the passage that highquality friendship most probably results from_.Asocial skills and good study habitsBschoo

12、l grades and classroom behaviorsCacademic success and social adaptationDpositive parental involvement and social skills4From the last paragraph we can conclude that Dr.Robbie AdlerTapia agrees that_.Aparents should regard making friends as something that just happensBits wise for parents to support

13、and encourage healthy peer relationshipsCparents only need to help their children to cope with difficult social situationsDparents are supposed to encourage their children to make as many friends as they canB When you bite into a loaf of bread, youre eating a little slice of history, with roots that

14、 stretch back for millennia. But this basic and important food, which has dominated tables for thousands of years, is in a dangerous decline. According to a study, 32 percent of the purchased bread is being dumped in the UK. And in France a country whose breads are internationally well-known young p

15、eople are eating 30 percent less than a decade ago. Traditionally, bread has been a cornerstone of many cultures around the world. Wherever wheat was grown, bread was sure to follow. Its roles were just as varied as its origins. Bread could be used as an appetizer, a palate cleanser, a post-meal pal

16、ate cleaner even as an entire meal itself.As its popularity grew, so too did its symbolic value. Christianity adopted bread as are presentation of Christ during religious ceremonies. “Breaking bread” with someone became a common symbol of friendship. The French even used to bring baguettes home as a

17、 symbol of love to the family. But recently, the worlds love with bread came to fade. Some guess that the fast pace of modern life is changing peoples eating habits. Others believe its a reflection of health concerns.Bread is rich in complex carbohydrates, a fact that could alienate anyone who pract

18、ices a low-carbon or gluten-free lifestyle. The shift against bread is also associated with its mass production. Extra yeast and additives are added to the dough, to extend its shelf life. In the process, bread ends up being blanched and nutritious stripped. But dedicated bakers around the world hav

19、e rushed forward to rescue breads good reputation.They say no to mass production in favor of baking flavorful loaves the old-fashioned way. British baker Mark Newman is a good example. His loaves take up to 18 hours from start to finish. “In terms of nutrition and eating satisfaction, a handmade loa

20、f of real bread and mass-produced bread are completely different products.” he said. Artisanal bakers hope to build on the popular enthusiasm to grow their industry. With a little luck and some fresh, whole grains bread might return to its traditional glory.5. From the traditional view, bread _. A.

21、could not be served before a big meal B. could be mass produced C. was not used for religious purposes. D. symbolized some close relationships6. In the mass production of bread, whats the purpose of overusing yeast and additives? A. To blanch bread. B. To make bread more nutritious. C. To help bread

22、 keep longer. D. To speed the process of production.7. What is the structure of the passage? (=paragraph) A. B. C. D.8. What is the main idea that the writer wants to convey? A. Bread plays an important role throughout the world. B. Bread is becoming less consumed. C. Handmade bread enjoys great pop

23、ularity nowadays. D. Bread has a long history as main food dominating tables.C The family does not feature heavily in the culture of the Ik of Northern Uganda. In fact, as far as the Ik are concerned, the family means very little. This is because the Ik face a daily struggle to survive in the face o

24、f drought, famine and starvation. Anyone who cannot take care of himself or herself is regarded as a useless burden by the Ik and a threat to the survival of the others. So the old are abandoned to die. Sick and disabled children too are abandoned. The Ik attitude is that, as long as you keep the br

25、eeding group alive, you can always get more children. Ik mothers throw their children out of the village compound when they are 3 years old, to defend for themselves. I imagine children must be rather relieved to be thrown out, for in the process of being cared for, he or she is reluctantly carried

26、about in a hide sling wherever the mother goes. Whenever the mother is in her field, she loosens the sling and lets the baby to the ground none too slowly, and laughs if it is hurt. Then she goes about her business, leaving the child there, almost hoping that some fierce animals will come along and

27、carry it off. This sometimes happens. Such behaviour does not endear children to their parents or parents to their children. Many of you probably reacted to the Ik with some horror and shock. It is very tempting to conclude that these people are primitive, savage and inhuman, and that their concept

28、of the family is deeply wrong. However, sociologists argue that it is wrong to simply judge such societies and their family arrangements as unnatural and untypical. We need to understand that such arrangements may have positive functions. In the case of the Ik, with the exceptional circumstances the

29、y find themselves indrought and faminetheir family arrangements help ensure the survival of the tribe. Moreover, some of you may have concluded that British family life and the Ik have some things in common. British family is not universally experienced as positive for all family members. For some m

30、embers of our own societyfor young and old alikefamily life may be characterized by violence, abuse and isolation. The problem with studying the family is that we all think we are experts. This is not surprising, considering that most of us are born in families and socialized into family roles and r

31、esponsibilities. It is an institution most of us feel very comfortable with and regard as natural. For many of us, it is a cornerstone of our social world, a place to which we can retreat and take refuge from the stresses of the outside world. It is the place in which we are loved for who we are, ra

32、ther than what we are. Family living and family events are probably the most important aspects of our lives. It is no wonder that we tend to hold very fierce, emotional, and perhaps irrational, views about family life and how it ought to be organized. Such taken for granted views make it very diffic

33、ult for us to objectively examine family arrangements that differ from our own experiencesuch as those of the Ikwithout making critical judgements.9. Which of the following will the author probably agree with in the case of Ik? A. The children are a great burden to their family. B. Mothers prefer to

34、 carry their children here and there. C. The children enjoy warm relationship with their parents. D. Many children should be left at the mercy of fierce animals in the field.10. According to the author, both British family life and that of the Ik _. A. contain negative elementsB. ensure longevity C.

35、 experience ups and downsD. endear family members11. All of the following statements support “family is the cornerstone” EXCEPT that _. A. we turn to family as our harbour in heart B. we find we love and are loved in the family C. we believe family is the top priority in our life D. we pour our bad

36、mood upon our family members12. The author writes this passage to tell us _. A. family life has various positive functions B. the idea of family is universally accepted C. the family is evolving with the time at a high speed D. we should examine the concept of family objectivelyD Habits are a funny

37、thing. We reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine. “Not choice, but habit rules the unreflecting herd,” William Wordsworth said in the 19th century. In the ever-changing 21st century, even the word “habit” carries a ne

38、gative connotation. So it seems antithetical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation. But brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel synaptic paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of tho

39、ught onto new, innovative tracks. But dont bother trying to kill off old habits; once those ruts of procedure are worn into the hippocampus, theyre there to stay. Instead, the new habits we deliberately ingrain into ourselves create parallel pathways that can bypass those old roads. “The first thing

40、 needed for innovation is a fascination with wonder,” says Dawna Markova, author of “The Open Mind” and an executive change consultant for Professional Thinking Partners. “But we are taught instead to decide, just as our president calls himself the Decider. ” She adds, however, that “to decide is to

41、 kill off all possibilities but one. A good innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities.” All of us work through problems in ways of which were unaware, she says. Researchers in the late 1960 covered that humans are born with the capacity to approach challenges in four prim

42、ary ways: analytically, procedurally, relationally (or collaboratively) and innovatively. At puberty, however, the brain shuts down half of that capacity, preserving only those modes of thought that have seemed most valuable during the first decade or so of life. The current emphasis on standardized

43、 testing highlights analysis and procedure, meaning that few of us inherently use our innovative and collaborative modes of thought. “This breaks the major rule in the American belief system that anyone can do anything,” explains M. J. Ryan, author of the 2006 book “This Year I Will.” and Ms. Markov

44、as business partner. “Thats a lie that we have perpetuated, and it fosters commonness. Knowing what youre good at and doing even more of it creates excellence.” This is where developing new habits comes in.13. The view of Wordsworth habit is claimed by being A. casual B. familiar C. mechanical D. Ch

45、angeable14. ” ruts”(in line one, paragraph 3) has closest meaning to A. tracks B. series C. characteristics D. connections15. Ryan most probably agree that A. ideas are born of a relaxing mind B. innovativeness could be taught C. decisiveness derives from fantastic ideas D. curiosity activates creat

46、ive minds第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项，填写在答题卡上。Heres what you need to know about the various growth on your head.Brush 100 times a day for healthier hair. Myth.This is now known to risk damaging your hair. Brushing pulls out hair that isnt ready to fall out. 1 . So b

47、rush gently for styling only.Being stressed can make your hair fall out. Fact.Severe stress can have a negative impact on your hair. All hair follicles normally undergo periodic “rest” periods. 2 , and make the hair fall out in the three months following the stressful event. Normally hair growth res

48、tores naturally, but its important to deal with stress and seek medical advice to rule out underlying illness.Hair can turn white with fright. Myth. You cant lose pigment in your hair because hair is dead when it leaves the head. 3 , however. In rare cases this can attack only pigmented hairs, leavi

49、ng gray and white hair behind. 4 . Fact.When its cold, blood is transmitted to internal organs to maintain body temperature, which decreases blood flow to the head. In warm weather, increased circulation to the skin benefits follicle activity and increases the rate of hair growth. Cutting hair by th

50、e moon speeds its growth. Myth.Some people believe that cutting hair under a waxing moon promotes growth. However, the universally-recognized fact is 5 at any time.A. Brushing your hair often is recommended.B. A severe shock could cause hair to drop out.C. Hair does not grow back more strongly after

51、 its cut.D. Always being angry will cause your hair to fall down.E. Sudden stress can cause them to enter this resting phase.F. Hair grows faster in the summer. G. It often breaks healthy hairs.第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分75分）第一节完形填空（共40小题；每小题1.5分，满分60分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项，并填写在答题卡上。（A

52、）That night we lay on the floor in the room and I listened to the silk-worms eating. The silk-worms 1 on shelves of mulberry leaves and all night you could hear them eating and a dropping sound in the leaves. I myself didnt want to 2 because I had been living for a long time with the 3 that if I eve

53、r shut my eyes in the dark and let myself go, my 4 would go out of my body. I had been that way for a long time, 5 since I was sleepless at night and felt it go out of me and go off and then 6 .I tried never to think about it, but it had started to go since, in the nights, just at the 7 of going off

54、 to sleep, and I could only stop it by a very great 8 . So while now I am fairly sure that it would not really have gone out, yet then, that summer, I was unwilling to make the 9 . I had different ways of 10 myself while I lay awake. I would think of a trout stream I had fished along when I was a bo

55、y; and fish its whole length very 11 in my mind; fishing under all the logs, all the turns of the 12 , the deep holes and the clear shallow stretches, sometimes 13 trout and sometimes losing them. I would stop fishing at noon to eat my lunch; sometimes on a log 14 the stream; sometimes on a high bank under a tree; and I always