湖北省2021学年高二英语下学期质量检查期末试题（含解析）

1、可修改湖北省荆州市2021学年高二英语下学期质量检查期末试题（含解析）注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上

2、。第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A.19.15. B.9.18. C.9.15.答案是C。1.How much will the man pay for his flight?A.$460. B.$500. C.$560.2.What did the woman enjoy most?A.Having a picnic. B.Swimming and fishi

3、ng. C.Staying with her parents.3.How will the woman go to her husbands hometown?A.By plane. B.By train. C.By car.4.Who probably is the woman?A.Mr.Smiths wife. B.Mr.Smiths secretary. C.Mr.Bryans friend.5.Where does the conversation probably take place?A.At a gas station. B.At a theater. C.At a restau

4、rant.第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.What are the speakers doing?A.Cycling. B.Running. C.Driving.7.How can the woman know so much about the weather?A.She used to be a farmer.B.She i

5、s good at geography.C.She grew up in the countryside.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.When did the man order the present?AOn November 30th. B.On December 4th. C.On December 5th.9.What will Laura probably give her mother?A.A sweater. B.A scarf. C.Some jewelry.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Why is the man not going to work toda

6、y?A.He has a cold. B.He has a toothache. C.He injures his head.11.What do we know about the man?A.He is a smoker. B.He will quit smoking. C.He is staying in bed now.12.What does the woman ask the man to do?A.Stay in bed and give up smoking.B.Put his nose over the boiling water and breathe in.C.Drink

7、 some warm boiled water and take a deep breath.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.What is the man doing?A.Checking in. B.Checking out. C.Booking a room.14.How soon will the man get to the airport?A.In about 15 minutes. B.In about 25 minutes. C.In about 40 minutes.15.Who can help the man load his bags onto the shut

8、tle?A.The woman. B.The driver. C.The porter.16.How does the man feel about the service of the hotel?A.Disappointed. B.Indifferent. C.Satisfied.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.What is the speaker trying to do?A.Introduce the school cafeteria.B.Advertise the school cafeteria.C.Give advice on the school cafeteria

9、.18.What does the speaker think of the menu?A.Its healthy. B.Its dull. C.Its special.19.Why dont some students eat in the cafeteria?A.The prices are high. B.The food is tasteless. C.The kitchen is untidy.20.What does the speaker say about the cafeteria?A.The staff there are friendly.B.Its made a few

10、 changes to the menu.C.Students have to wait there for a seat.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ACentral Library: Seattle, Washington, United StatesDesigned by Dutch architect Rem Koolhaas and American designer Joshua Ramus, it is modern and fashionable and h

11、as tourists from around the world paying visits and taking tours.Tours began in 2006, two years after its opening.The library holds various art exhibitions, book signings and other events, while visitors can stop by the Chocolate cart for a coffee and scan through the gift shop anytime.Trinity Colle

12、ge Library: Dublin, IrelandThe oldest library in Ireland, founded in 1592 by Queen Elizabeth I, it is the largest single library in the world, also known as the Long Room, which contains more than 200,000 of the librarys oldest books.The Long Room houses one of the oldest harps(竖琴) in Ireland.Dating

13、 back to the 15th century, the old harp is the model for the symbol of Ireland.Geisel Library, University of California: San Diego, United StatesAt first glance, it looks like a spaceship.Architect William Pereira, who helped design actual space launch facilities at Cape Canaveral in Houston, Texas,

14、 designed the library in 1970.It has been featured in sci-fi films, short stories and novels.The library hosts “Dinner in the Library”, which invites readers for cocktails, and also a special speech from distinguished authors.TU Delft Library: Delft, The NetherlandsThe library at the Delft Universit

15、y of Technology was constructed in 1997 and has more than 862,000 books, 16,000 magazine subscriptions and its own museum.The building itself exists beneath the ground, so you cant really see the actual library.What makes it interesting is the roof, which is a grassy hill.The roof covers 5,500 squar

16、e meters.And it has become one of the most striking and greenest structures in the area.1. Which of the four libraries has the longest history?A. Central Library.B. Trinity College Library.C. Geisel Library.D. TU Delft Library.2. What makes Geisel Library different from the other 3 libraries?A. The

17、fact that it is modern and fashionable.B. The fact that it houses the oldest harp.C. The fact that it has a grassy roof.D. The fact that it has appeared in sci-fi movies.3. What makes TU Delft Library difficult to see?A. Its shape.B. Its location.C. Its material.D. Its collection.【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B【

18、解析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了世界上四个设计有特色的图书馆。【1题详解】细节理解题。由文章可知，Central Library没有提到建造年份；Trinity College Library建于1592年；Geisel Library建于1970年；TU Delft Library建于1997年。故Trinity College Library的历史最长。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。由“Geisel Library”中的It has been featured in sci-fi films, short stories and novels.（它曾出现在科幻电影、短篇小说和小说中。）可知该

19、图书馆的特别之处是这个图书馆出现在科幻电影中，而其他图书馆均未提到类似活动，故D选项正确。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中The building itself exists beneath the ground, so you cant really see the actual library.（建筑本身就在地下，所以你不能真正看到真正的图书馆。）可知TU Delft的位置使它很难看到。故选B。BIeoh Ming Pei, one of the last great modernist architects, has died aged 102.Although he worked

20、 mostly in the United States, Pei will always be remembered for a European project: his redevelopment of the Louvre Museum in Paris in the 1980s.Pei was the first foreign architect to work on the Louvre in its long history, and initially his designs were fiercely opposed.But in the end, the French a

21、nd everyone else were won over.His glass pyramid outside the Louvre, completed in 1989, is now one of Paris most famous landmarks.Pei was born in China in 1917 into a wealthy family.His father was a banker.His artistic mothera calligrapher and musicianhad the greater influence on him.Despite not spe

22、aking English, he moved to the US at the age of 18 to study at Pennsylvania, MIT and Harvard.He worked as a research scientist for the US government during World War Two, and went on to work as an architect, founding his own firm in 1955.He carried on working well into old age, creating one of his m

23、ost famous masterpiecesthe Museum of Islamic Art in Doha, Qatarin his 80s.He has designed buildings, hotels, schools and other structures across North America, Asia and Europe.His other work includes Dallas City Hall and Japans Miho Museum.His style was influenced by his love of Islamic architecture

24、.His favoured building materials were glass and steel, with a combination of concrete.He won a variety of awards and prizes for his buildings, including the AIA Gold Medal, the Praemium Imperiale for Architecture.In 1983 Pei was given the fifth Pritzker Architecture Prize for giving the 20th century

25、 some of its most beautiful interior spaces and exterior forms.He used his $100,000 prize money to start a scholarship fund for Chinese students to study architecture in America.In person, Pei was always neatly dressed, good-tempered, charming and unusually modest.4. What do we know about Pei and hi

26、s work on the Louvre Museum?A. The French approved of his designs at first.B. Pei was the only foreign expert employed by the Louvre.C. Pei made use of glass in his designs.D. Pei retired after completing the work.5. Which is the correct order of time for the following facts in the passage?He receiv

27、ed the Pritzker Architecture Prize.He founded his own firm.He created the Museum of Islamic Art.He worked as a research scientist.A. B. C. D. 6. What words can be used to describe Pei according to the passage?A. Productive and humorous.B. Generous and modest.C. Determined and outgoing.D. Attractive

28、and responsible.7. What can be the best title of the passage?A. Louvre Pyramid Architect Dies Aged 102B. Prizes Awarded to PeiC. Landmarks Created by PeiD. A Famous Architect Passed Away【答案】4. C 5. C 6. B 7. A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了享誉世界最后的现代主义建筑大师贝聿铭的生平事迹。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句His glass pyramid outside

29、the Louvre, completed in 1989, is now one of Paris most famous landmarks.（卢浮宫外的玻璃金字塔于1989年完工，现在是巴黎最著名的地标之一。）可知贝聿铭在他的设计中使用了玻璃。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中He worked as a research scientist for the US government during World War Two, and went on to work as an architect, founding his own firm in 1955.（二战期间，他曾

30、为美国政府担任研究科学家，1955年，他创办了自己的公司，之后成为一名建筑师。）可知贝聿铭为美国政府担任研究科学家，之后1955年成了自己的公司；根据最后一段中In 1983 Pei was given the fifth Pritzker Architecture Prize for giving the 20th century some of its most beautiful interior spaces and exterior forms.（1983年，贝聿铭被授予第五届普利兹克建筑奖，以表彰他为20世纪创造了一些最美丽的室内空间和外部形式。）可知贝聿铭在63岁时被授予普利兹克

31、建筑奖；根据第三段最后一句He carried on working well into old age, creating one of his most famous masterpiecesthe Museum of Islamic Art in Doha, Qatarin his 80s.（他一直工作到晚年，80多岁时创作了他最著名的杰作之一卡塔尔多哈的伊斯兰艺术博物馆。）可知贝聿铭80多岁创作了卡塔尔多哈的伊斯兰艺术博物馆。故顺序为，选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句He used his $100,000 prize money to start a schola

32、rship fund for Chinese students to study architecture in America.（他用10万美元奖金为中国学生在美国学习建筑设立了一个奖学金基金。）可知贝聿铭是非常慷慨大方的；以及文章最后一句In person, Pei was always neatly dressed, good-tempered, charming and unusually modest.（就个人而言，贝聿铭总是衣着整洁，脾气好，富有魅力，而且非常谦虚。）可知贝聿铭很谦虚。故选B。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段第一句Ieoh Ming Pei, one of t

33、he last great modernist architects, has died aged 102.（贝聿铭，最后一位伟大的现代主义建筑师之一，去世，享年102岁。）以及文章主要为介绍贝聿铭的生平事迹可知A选项符合题意。故选A。CIt is calculated that some of the worlds 7, 000 languages are in danger of getting extinct.“For example, Ainu, a language in Japan, is now seriously threatened, with only 10 native

34、speakers remaining” said lead study author Tatsuya Amano at the University of Cambridge in England.The scientists found that 25 percent of the worlds languages are threatened.After identifying where the endangered languages were, they looked for any environmental and social or economic factors those

35、 languages might have in common, such as poor areas or rapid population growth.“We find that at the global scale, language speaker declines(减少) are strongly linked to economic growththat is, declines are particularly occurring in economically developed regions,” Amano said.“One important finding of

36、this new study is that languages in the tropics and Himalayan region are likely to be increasingly threatened in the near future, because these regions still have many local indigenous languages(本地语) with a small number of speakers, and at the same time are experiencing rapid economic growth,” Amano

37、 said.Economic growth may endanger languages for a variety of reasons.For instance, speakers of endangered languages may view another more popular language as offering economic opportunities, and thus forego their own languages.“There are other important factors that might endanger languages,” the r

38、esearchers said.For instance, policies regarding how languages are used and taught in schools can be very different among countries and even within each country, and these factors may explain more detailed patterns in language endangerment.Amano suggested it could be possible to forecast future thre

39、ats to the diversity of languages.“There exists detailed information on future changes in the environment, economies and climates,” Amano said.“Using such information, together with the findings of this study and further analysis, we would like to understand what will happen to the worlds languages,

40、 where it will happen and which languages will be threatened in particular.”8. Why is the language of Ainu mentioned in Paragraph 1?A. To show that it is most likely to disappear in the futureB. To prove that Japanese is now seriously threatenedC. To show that few people speak Japanese in the worldD

41、. To prove that Japanese is made up of many languages9. What may endanger the languages most according to Amano?A. The diversity of society.B. The decline of the population.C. The improvement of the environment.D. The development of economy.10. What does the underlined word “forego” probably mean?A.

42、 Employ.B. Desert.C. Record.D. Advance.11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. The worlds languages are developing at a rapid speed.B. The study may be of use in stopping languages dying out.C. It is rather hard for us to protect the diversity of languages.D. Future threats to the divers

43、ity of languages are unpredictable.【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。据统计，世界上7000种语言中有一些濒临灭绝。文章主要讲述了世界上有很多语言面临灭绝的现状，分析了造成语言面临灭绝的原因。【8题详解】推理判断题。文章第一段It is calculated that some of the worlds 7, 000 languages are in danger of getting extinct. “For example, Ainu, a language in Japan, is now seriou

44、sly threatened, with only 10 native speakers remaining”可知提到世界上许多语言面临着灭绝的危险，接着以日本的阿伊努语为例，这说明该语言在未来有可能消失。故第1段提到阿伊努语是为了表明它很可能在未来消失。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“We find that at the global scale, language speaker declines(减少) are strongly linked to economic growththat is, declines are particularly occurring

45、 in economically developed regions,” Amano said.可知，Amano认为经济的发展有可能引起某种语言的使用人数减少，使得这种语言濒临灭绝。故选D。【10题详解】词义猜测题。根据上文Economic growth may endanger languages for a variety of reasons. For instance, speakers of endangered languages may view another more popular language as offering economic opportunities, a

46、nd thus可知由于种种原因，经济增长可能危及语言。例如，濒危语言的使用者可能认为另一种更受欢迎的语言提供了经济机会，因此放弃了自己的语言。故可推测划线单词意思为“放弃；舍弃”。A. Employ.雇用；B. Desert.舍弃；C. Record.记录；D. Advance.前进。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第三句“Using such information, together with the findings of this study and further analysis, we would like to understand what will happe

47、n to the worlds languages, where it will happen and which languages will be threatened in particular.”（“利用这些信息，结合这项研究的结果和进一步的分析，我们希望了解世界上的语言将会发生什么，将在哪里发生，以及哪些语言将受到特别的威胁。”）可知，这项研究可能有助于阻止语言的消亡。故选B。【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为 定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer to，be called或thats to say，such as等。 逻辑猜词可以

48、根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly,the same as,but,however,while,on the other hand,since ,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。 语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。 语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。 指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，

49、最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。如第三小题，根据上文Economic growth may endanger languages for a variety of reasons. For instance, speakers of endangered languages may view another more popular language as offering economic opportunities, and thus可知由于种种原因，经济增长可能危及语言。例如，濒危语言的使用者可能认为另一种更受欢迎的语言提供了经济机会，因此放弃了自己的语言。故可推测划线单词

50、意思为“放弃；舍弃”。A. Employ.雇用；B. Desert.舍弃；C. Record.记录；D. Advance.前进。故选B。DWhile we may think it feels good to complain, complaining has some bad effects associated with it.Why isnt complaining beneficial? Research shows that it connects our brain with negativity.The brain is designed to work efficiently.

51、This means that when we repeat a thought negative or positive, the nerve cells form a bridge between each other to pass information in a higher speed.Therefore, the next time we have a similar type of thought, it is more easily passed.This explains why certain thought patterns become habits.Yet the

52、harmful effects dont stop there.A study shows that complaining causes the hippocampus(海马区), which plays a vital role in problem-solving, to become smaller.In addition to causing brain damage, complaining also releases a stress hormone: cortisol, a kind of chemical the body produces when we meet with

53、 some danger.Constantly having a high level of cortisol results in high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and lower immunity(免疫力).The ill effects of our complaining arent just limited to ourselves: they also involve those around us.We tend to mirror the moods of our friends.For this reason, we shoul

54、d be cautious about having stubborn complainers in our circle of companions.The best way to deal with constant negativity is to develop a sense of gratitude(感恩).Just like complaining acts as a poison, gratitude acts as a medicine.Research shows it lowers cortisol levels by 23 percent, as well as red

55、uces blood pressure and blood sugar.It also decreases tiredness and depression.Gratitude is the perfect cure for complaining, a behavior that steals our brain power, happiness and physical well-being.What have you observed about the effects of complaining in your own life or in the lives of others?

56、Have you noticed that when you are grateful, you feel better all over? Please share your thoughts in the comments section below.12. What do Para 2-3 mainly talk about?A. The diseases caused by complaining.B. The decrease of a vital part of our brain.C. The bad effects of complaining on brain power.D

57、. The reason why certain thought patterns become habits.13. What can we know about cortisol from the passage?A. Gratitude is an effective cure for Cortisol.B. Our body produce cortisol when we feel exited.C. Cortisol is a chemical that can cause brain damage.D. Having a high level of cortisol can lead to many health problems.14. What attitude does the writer take to stubborn complainers?A. Grateful.B. Tolerant.C. Disapproving.D. Skeptical.15. Where can the passage most probably appear?A. In a newspaper.B. In a medical report.C. On a website.D. In a radio program.【答案】12. C 13