高中英语 大题精做05 First aid（含解析）新人教版必修5

1、精做05 First aidI. 完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(2016北京) A Race Against DeathIt was a cold January in 1925 in Nome, Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.On the 20th of that month, Dr. Welch 1 a sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a dea

2、dly infectious(传染的) disease mainly affecting children. The children of Nome would be 2 if it struck the town. Dr. Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. 3 , the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away, in Anchorage.How could the medicine get to Nome? The tow

3、ns 4 was already full of ice, so it couldnt come by ship. Cars and horses couldnt travel on the 5 roads. Jet airplanes and big trucks didnt exist yet. 6 January 26, Billy and three other children had died. Twenty more were 7 . Nomes town officials came up with a(n) 8 . They would have the medicine s

4、ent by 9 from Anchorage to Nenana. From there, dogsled(狗拉雪橇) drivers known as mushers would 10 it to Nome in a relay(接力).The race began on January 27. The first musher, Shannon, picked up the medicine from the train at Nenana and rode all night. 11 he handed the medicine to the next musher, Shannons

5、 face was black from the extreme cold.On January 31, a musher named Seppala had to 12 a frozen body of water called Norton Sound. It was the most 13 part of the journey. Norton Sound was covered with ice, which could sometimes break up without warning. If that happened, Seppala might fall into the i

6、cy water below. He would 14 , and so would the sick children of Nome. But Seppala made it across. A huge snowstorm hit on February 1. A musher named Kaasen had to brave this storm. At one point, huge piles of snow blocked his 15 . He had to leave the trail (雪橇痕迹) to get around them. Conditions were

7、so bad that it was impossible for him to 16 the trail again. The only hope was Balto, Kaasens lead dog. Balto put his nose to the ground, 17 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail. If Balto failed, it would mean disaster for Nome. The minutes passed by. Suddenly, Balto began

8、to 18 . He had found the trail. At 5:30 am on February 2, Kaasen and his dog 19 in Nome. Within minutes, Dr. Welch had the medicine. He quickly gave it to the sick children. All of them recovered. Nome had been 20 .1. A. examinedB. warnedC. interviewedD. cured2. A. harmless B. helpless C. fearless D

9、. careless3. A. Moreover B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. However4. A. airport B. station C. harbor D. border5. A. narrow B. snowy C. busy D. dirty6. A. From B. On C. By D. After7. A. tired B. upset C. pale D. sick8. A. plan B. excuse C. message D. topic9. A. air B. rail C. sea D. road10. A. carry B. re

10、turn C. mail D. give11. A. Though B. Since C. When D. If12. A. enter B. move C. visit D. cross13. A. shameful B. boring C. dangerous D. foolish14. A. escape B. bleed C. swim D. die15. A. memory B. exit C. way D. destination16. A. find B. fix C. pass D. change17. A. pretending B. trying C. asking D.

11、learning18. A. run B. leave C. bite D. play19. A. gathered B. stayed C. camped D. arrived20. A. controlled B. saved C. founded D. developedII. 阅读理解AIts exciting to imagine how future humans will have solved the problems we have now, or what amazing new inventions will make our lives more convenient

12、and interesting. We asked top scientists to share their predictions on what the world will be like in a century. If theyre right, the 2114 is going to be really cool.1. Robots will do your chores and more.Robots will be doing most of our jobs, from building homes to teaching math. There are already

13、robots that clean floors and pump gas. In the future they will be more complicated and useful. Unfortunately, with robots taking all the jobs, unemployment will be high.2. You will read minds.Speaking of being social, we will communicate in an entirely different way. Forget texts and emails. Mind-re

14、ading technology will allow us to send thoughts to each other without speaking a word. We will also be able to send thoughts to objects around us. (Instead of pressing start on the microwave, you could just think start.) Meanwhile, chips implanted(植入) in our brains will improve memory and intelligen

15、ce.3. Your car will drive you.Today, around 30,000 Americans die in car accidents each year. One hundred years form now, accidents will be a thing of the past. According to Mark Safford, consultant or the U.S. Department of Transportation, future cars will drive themselves. These electric cars will

16、communicate with other cars on the road to travel safely in close formation at high speeds.4. You will eat fake meat.Raising animals is not an efficient way to produce food, and it harms the environment: Cows, chickens, and pigs eat a lot, and then we have to deal with all that poop(粪便). Whats more,

17、 that poop can up poisoning lakes, rivers, and streams. Today, scientists can grow meat in a lab from animal cells, but its expensive and not very delicious. In the future, they will have perfected the process. Youll order hamburgers that come from factories, not cows. Scientists may even find ways

18、to make lab-grown meat tastier and healthier than the real thing.1. According to the passage, what is likely to happen when robots become more common in the future?A. People will be much lazier. B. More people will lose their jobs.C. People may become physically weaker.D. More people may become less

19、 intelligent.2. Mind-reading technology will help people to _.A. have a good memoryB. talk to other creaturesC. read books efficientlyD. convey messages silently3. According to the passage, in the future cars will be_.A. less popularB. more expensiveC. much easier to operateD. much smaller and light

20、er4. Future meat will be _.A. much more affordableB. less tasty but healthierC. more organic and deliciousD. more environmentally friendly5. What is the passage mainly about?A. The history of human life.B. The predictable future life.C. The development of science.D. The latest scientific findings.BH

21、ave you ever been sad because of failure? Please remember, for often, achieving what you set out do is not the most important thing.zxx*kA boy decided to dig a deep hole behind his house. As he was working, a couple of older boys stopped by to watch. “What are you doing? ” asked one of the visitors.

22、 “I want to dig a hole all the way through the earth!” the boy answered excitedly. The older boys began to laugh, telling him that digging a hole all the way through the earth was impossible. After a while, the boy picked up a jar. He showed it to the visitors. It was full of all kinds of stones and

23、 insects. Then he said calmly and confidently, “Maybe I cant finish digging all the way through the earth, but look at what Ive found during this period!”The boys goal was far too difficult, but it did cause him to go on. And that is what a goal is forto cause us to move in the direction we have cho

24、sen, in other words, to cause us to keep working!Not every goal will be fully achieved. Not every job will end up with a success. Not every dream will come true. But when you fall short of your aim, maybe you can say, “Yes, but look at what Ive found along the way! There are so many wonderful things

25、 having come into my life because I tried to do something!” It is in the digging that life is lived. It is the unexpected joy on the journey that really makes sense.6. The older boys laughed at the boy because he was thought to be_.A. braveB. impoliteC. foolishD. warm-hearted7. Why did the boy show

26、the jar to the older boys?A. To drive them away.B. To show what he had found in digging.C. To show how beautiful the jar was.D. To attract them to join him in the work.8. What can be learnt from the fourth paragraph of the text?A. No dream can come true.B. All work will end successfully.C. Goals sho

27、uldnt be set too high.D. Goals will make us work harder.9. The best title for the text should be _.A. Joy in the JourneyB. A Boy Dug a HoleC. No Pains, No GainsD. Failure Is the Mother of SuccessIII. 语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。The origin of tea is lost among history and tales. What c

28、an be 1(rough) confirmed is that tea originated in the southwest of China According to ancient stories, the first person 2(discover) the effects of tea is said to be Sheng Nongthe father of agriculture and herbal 3(medical) in China. It is said that Sheng Nong tried 72 different kinds of poisonous p

29、lants in a day and he 4(lie) on the ground, barely alive. At this moment, he noticed several rather fragrant leaves 5(drop) from the tree beside him. Out 6curiosity and habit, Sheng Nong put the leaves into his mouth and chewed them slowly. After 7little while, he felt well and 8(energy) again. So h

30、e picked more leaves to eat,|9cleared his body from poison. The ancient Chinese medical book called Sheng Nongs Herbal states that Tea tastes bitter. Drinking it, one can think quicker, sleep 10(little), move more swiftly, and see more clearly. This then was the earliest book to record the medicinal

31、 effects of tea.IV. 七选五型阅读理解Do you know Australia? Australia is the largest island in the world. It is a little smaller than China. It is in the south of the earth. 1.The population of Australia is nearly as large as that of Shanghai. The cities in Australia have got little air or water pollution. 2

32、. You can clearly see fish swimming in the rivers. Plants grow very well.Last month we visited Perth, the biggest city in Western Australia, and went to a wild flowers exhibition. There we saw a large number of wild flowers we had never seen before. We had a wonderful time. 3. In spring every year P

33、erth has the wild flowers exhibition.After visiting Perth, we spent the day in the countryside. We sat down and had a rest near a path at the foot of a hill. 4. Suddenly we heard bells ringing at the top of the hill. What we saw made us pick up all our things and run back to the car as quickly as we

34、 could. There were about three hundred sheep coming towards us down the path. 5. After a short drive from any town, you will find yourself in the middle of white sheep. Sheep, sheep, everywhere are sheep.A. The people of Australia arc very hard-working.B. Australia is the sixth largest country in th

35、e world.C. Australia is famous for its sheep and kangaroos.D. Australia is big, but its population is not large.E. Perth is famous for its beautiful wild flowers.F. The sky is blue and the water is clean.G. It was quiet and we enjoyed ourselves. 短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中

36、最多有两处。每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(/)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。What is the most valuable thing in the world? Although the answer many vary from person to person, but as for me, reading books is most valuable than anythi

37、ng else. As old saying goes, “To open a book is always helpful. ”First, books are our teachers. They introduce different kind of knowledge to us, include science and literature. Books are our friends either. With the valuable experience in them, books often helps us out when we meet difficulties. By

38、 increasing our knowledge and enlarge our experience, books lead us down the road to succeed. Therefore, to read more books is the best policy for we young students. 书面表达假定你是李华，你校摄影俱乐部(photography club)将举办国际中学摄影展。请给你的英国朋友Peter写封信。请他提供作品。信的内容包括：1主题：环境保护；2展览时间；3投稿邮箱：.注意：1词数100

39、左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。3.提示：国际中学摄影展：an International High School Students Photography Show_I. 完形填空【文章大意】文章讲述了一个人们接力运送药物来救患病儿童的感人故事。1925年1 月份的阿拉斯加北部极其寒冷，由于大雪，诺姆小镇与外界隔绝了。雪上加霜的是，那里的孩子患上了一种致命的传染病白喉。为了拯救孩子们，人们接力运送药品到诺姆。最终，人们通过狗拉的雪橇把药物送到了诺姆。1. A A. examined检查；B. warned警告；C. interviewed 采访，面试；D. cured治愈。医生检查了

40、一个生病的孩子，知道他患上了白喉，故选A。2. B A. harmless无害的；B. helpless无望的；C. fearless不怕的；D. careless粗心的。如果白喉肆虐诺姆，那里的孩子们都将毫无希望，故选B。3. D A. Moreover而且；B. Therefore因此；C. Otherwise否则；D. However然而。然而，最近的药品供应站距离诺姆一千多公里，前后是转折关系，故选D。4. C A. airport机场； B. station车站；C. harbor 港口；D. border边境。根据so it couldnt come by ship可知，这里指港口

41、结冰，故选C。7. D A. tired劳累的；B. upset难过的；C. pale苍白的；D. sick生病的。4个孩子相继去世，还有20几个孩子患病，故选D。8. A A. plan计划；B. excuse借口；C. message信息；D. topic话题。当地的官员想到了一个计划，故选A。9. B A. air空气；B. rail栏杆，铁轨；C. sea海洋；D. road道路。根据下一段中的from the train at Nenana可知，药物被用火车运到Nenana，故选B。10. A A. carry运送，携带；B. return返回，归还；C. mail邮寄；D. giv

42、e给。然后再由乘坐狗拉的雪橇的人把药物接力送到诺姆，故选A。11. C A. Though虽然；B. Since因为，自从；C. When当；D. If如果。当他把药物交给下一个人时，他的脸已经被冻得乌青，故选C。12. D A. enter进入；B. move移动；C. visit拜访；D. cross穿过。根据Norton Sound was covered with ice可知，Norton Sound是一片冰冻的水域，Seppala必须穿过这片水域，故选D。13. C A. shameful惭愧的；B. boring令人厌烦的；C. dangerous危险的；D. foolish愚蠢的

43、。根据which could sometimes break up without warning可知，这是旅途中最难的一部分，故选C。14. D A. escape逃跑；B. bleed流血；C. swim游泳；D. die死亡。如果掉进寒冷的水中，Seppala会被冻死，诺姆的病童们也会死，故选D。15. C A. memory记忆；B. exit出口；C. way道路；D. destination目的地。根据下一句可知，有的地方被大雪挡住了去路，Seppala不得不绕道行驶，故选C。16. A A. find找到；B. fix固定，安装；C. pass通过；D. change改变。当时的

44、天气状况极差，Seppala找到雪橇轨道是不可能的，只能靠他的狗，故选A。17. B A. pretending假装；B. trying努力；C. asking问，要求；D. learning学会。Seppala的狗努力嗅着其它狗的气味，故选B。18. A A. run跑；B. leave离开；C. bite咬；D. play玩耍。Seppala的狗找到了轨道，开始奔跑起来，故选A。19. D A. gathered聚集；B. stayed保持；C. camped露营；D. arrived到达。arrive in sp到达某地，这里指终于到达诺姆，故选D。20. B A. controlled

45、控制；B. saved拯救；C. founded建立；D. developed发展。所有的孩子都得到了救治，诺姆活了下来，故选B。【试题分析】3. 设置语境，考查学生的分析推理能力旨在考查学生在选项都符合语法及句子结构的情况下能否利用前后语境去推断出正确答案。4. 结合生活，考查学生利用常识解题的能力目的是考查学生的生活常识，看看学生是否善于观察生活，积累生活常识，能否利用常识去做恰当的选择。5. 关注连词，考查学生对行文逻辑、句子关联的理解能力此项用来考查学生在缺少连词的情况下，通过阅读能否理解句子与句子之间的关系，是否了解行文逻辑的要求，能否掌握表示因果、转折、并列、条件、让步等的连词的用

46、法。II. 阅读理解A【文章大意】本文为科技说明文，介绍了2114年的情景，包括机器人为我们处理杂事、不用开口讲话就可以表达想法、自动驾驶的轿车及食用人造肉。1. B 推理判断题。由Unfortunately, with robots taking all the jobs, unemployment will be high.可知答案，故选B。2. D 细节理解题。由Mind-reading technology will allow us to send thoughts to each other without speaking a word.可看出答案，故选D。3. C 推理判断题。

47、由future cars will drive themselves. These electric cars will communicate with other cars on the road to travel safely in close formation at high speeds.可以推断出未来的轿车操作起来更加容易。故选C。4. D 推理判断题。由Raising animals is not an efficient way to produce food, and it harms the environment及Whats more, that poop can u

48、p poisoning lakes, rivers, and streams.和该段的倒数第二、三句可以推断出未来的肉将会更加环保，故选D。5. B 主旨大意题。本文的第一段是主题段，由该段中的share their predictions on what the world will be like in a century可知答案，故选B。B【语篇解读】这是一篇社会生活类文章。文章以一个男孩挖坑为例，告诉我们，并非所有目标都能实现，但是，在实现目标的过程中，我们会发现很多美好的事物。这种快乐是我们实现目标的过程中真正有意义的地方。可能实现自己的目标，但是他在这个过程中发现了别的东西。故B选

49、项切题。8. D【解析】推理判断题。由最后一段可知，并非所有目标都能实现。但我们在努力实现目标的路上，会发现很多美好的东西。有目标，才会有动力。故D选项正确。9. A【解析】标题归纳题。文章以一个男孩挖坑为例，告诉我们，并非所有目标都能实现，但是，在实现目标的过程中，我们会发现很多美好的事物。这种快乐是我们实现目标的过程中真正有意义的地方。故A选项切题。III. 语法填空【语篇解读】文章讲述了“神农”发现茶叶妙用的故事。1. roughly考查副词。修饰谓语动词“can be confirmed”应该用副词。故填roughly。2. to discover 考查非谓语。分析句子结构可知，此处是

50、person的定语。当名词前面有序数词修饰的时候，后面跟不定式作定语。故填to discover。3. medicine考查名词。此处指“中草药”，在形容词后面用名词。故填medicine。4. lay考查时态。根据连词and可知，此处是句子的谓语；全文讲述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态。故填lay。5. dropping考查非谓语。此处运用了“notice sb./ sth. doing”结构，fragrant leaves与 drop之间是主动关系，用现在分词作补语。故填dropping。6. of考查介词短语。out of curiosity and habit是固定搭配，指“出于好奇和

51、习惯”。故填of。7. a考查短语。after a little while是固定搭配，指“一会儿后”。故填a。8. energetic考查形容词。与and之前的well相一致，此处需要形容词，指“他感觉好了，精力充沛了”。故填energetic。9. which考查连词。本句运用了定语从句，先行词是more leaves，指物；引导词在从句中作主语。故填which。10. less考查副词。根据句意可知，此处要用比较级，指“睡得更少”。故填less。IV. 七选五型阅读理解【语篇解读】本文为说明文，通过讲述作者去澳大利亚的Perth和在乡村的经历介绍了澳大利亚的一些大概情况。1D根据上下文可

52、知此处讲的是澳大利亚面积大但人口不多，故选D。2F根据第一段第七句话The cities in Australia have got little air or water pollution.可知澳大利亚的城市空气和社会污染很少，与F项一致，故选F。3E根据第二段最后一句话In spring every year Perth has the wild flowers exhibition.可知Perth以野花著名，故选E。4G根据上下文可知此处讲的是在乡村的山脚下路旁坐着时很安静而且很愉快，故选G。5C根据上下文可知此处指的是澳大利亚以绵羊和袋鼠出名，故选C。. 短文改错What is th

53、e most valuable thing in the world? Although the answer many vary from person to person, but as for me, reading books is valuable than anything else. As old saying goes, “To open a book is always helpful. ”First, books are our teachers. They introduce different of knowledge to us, science and literature. Books are our friends . With the valuable experience in