高三英语阅读理解(社会文化)题20套(带答案)及解析

1、高三英语阅读理解 ( 社会文化 ) 题 20 套( 带答案 ) 及解析一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类1阅读理解theaters of the pastthe greek theatertheaters developed in many parts of greece. ancient greek theaters were built in natural open air sites on conveniently shaped hills. this allowed a great mass of people to enjoy a show at a time. due to this

2、, actors placed emphasis on exaggerated (夸张的 ) action and speech. and, colorful symbolic masks and costumes were used.the medieval theaterthe medieval theater started in churches. thats why medieval plays were about bible stories. at first, it became a custom for priests ( 牧师 ) to act out brief scen

3、es during christmas and easter. these acts attracted large crowds. finally the church refused to allow priests to participate in any such events again, so ordinary people began these performances outside. performances were set in the town square, with several stage settings around it.the elizabethan

4、 theaterthe englands theater developed rapidly in the years following the defeat of the spanish navy. the dominant feature of elizabethan theater was the stage. it has three parts: the fore stage for outside scenes; the inner stage for scenes inside a building; an upper stage or balcony for various

5、purposes. the reason for this design is that there were no scene changes, or breaks during the play. very little scenery was used, so the actors had to create a scene through their voices and dialogues. this led to a more poetic script, and poets became the main source of script writing.the restorat

6、ion theatersome of the plays told sad stories, but the majority of the plays were really funny. many specialized machines were used to create the scene. the stage was a very clever idea , in that on the sides of the stage large back shutters ( 百叶窗 ) were painted with the scene.（ 1） why were ancient

7、greek theaters built on hills? a.to hold a large audience.b.to build a big and strong stage. c.to have a better sound effect.d.to emphasize exaggerated performances.（ 2） in which theater could actors voices and speech help create scenes?（ 3） what is special about the restoration theater?a.colorful m

8、asks were used.b.the stage was smartly designed.c.most of its plays were sorrowful.d.ordinary people were the performers.【答案】 （ 1） a（ 2） c（ 3） b【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了四个古代的剧院。（ 1）考查细节理解。根据 the greek theater 部分中的 “ ancient greek theaters were built in natural open air sites on conveniently shaped hills

9、. this allowed a great mass of people to enjoy ashow at a time. 古”希腊的剧院建在自然开阔的地方，建在形状方便的山上。这使得一大群人可以一次欣赏一场演出，可知，希腊剧院建在山上是为了让更多的观众可以一起欣赏演出。故选a。（ 2）考查细节理解。根据 the elizabethan theater 部分中的 “ very little scenery was used, sothe actors had to create a s cene through their voices and dialogues.布景用得很少”，所以演员

10、们不得不通过他们的声音和对话来创造一个场景，可知，在the elizabethan theater, 演员的声音和言语能帮助创造场景。故选c。（ 3）考查推理判断。根据 the restoration theater 部分中的 “ thestage was a very cleveridea , in that on the sides of the stage large back shutters (百叶窗 ) were painted with the scene.”舞 台是 一个 非常聪明的想 法， 因为 舞台两 侧的大背板 上都 画着场 景 ) 可知 ，在therestoration

11、 theater舞台设计非常巧妙。故选b。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。2阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、 b、 c 和 d）中，选出最佳选项。its not unusual to see an unreasonable child lying on the ground drumming his heels. beside him is a desperate mother yelling at the top of her lungs. raising a well-be

12、haved kid is really a head-scratching thing.if you took all the parenting styles around the world and ranked them by their gentleness, the inuit ( 因纽特人 ) approach would certainly rank near the top. all the moms mention one golden role: dont shout or yell at small children. inuits no-yelling policy i

13、s their central component to raising cool-headed kids. the culture views scolding, or even speaking to children in all angry voice, as inappropriate, although little kids are pushing parents buttons.playful storytelling is another trick to sculpting kids behavior. but this storytelling differs hugel

14、y from those fairy tales full of moral lessons. parents retell what happened when a boy threw a tantrum( 发脾气 )by way of what shakespeare would understand all too well: putting on a drama. after the child has calmed down, the parents will review what happened when the child misbehaved, usually starti

15、ng with a question: can you show us how to throw a tantrum? then the child has to think what he should do. if he takes the bait and performs the action, the momwill ask a follow-up question with a playful tone. for example: does that seem right? or are you a baby? she is getting across the idea that

16、 big boys wont throw a tantrum.kids brains are still developing the circuitry needed for self-control. what you do in responseto your childrens emotions shapes their brains. so next time, seeing your boy misbehave, tryusing the inuits storytelling approach. and dont forget to keep cool. after all, b

17、oys will be boys.（ 1） which of the following best explains pushing parents buttons underlined in paragraph 2?a. talking with parents.b. playing with parents buttons.c. exposing parents faults.d. making parents annoyed.（ 2） what do we know about inuits storytelling?a. it aims at playing a trick on ki

18、ds.b. it raises kids awareness of morality.c. it comes after a child misbehaves.d. it analyzes shakespeares dramas.（ 3） whats the authors attitude to childrens misbehavior?a. cautiousb. tolerantc. uncaringd. skeptical（ 4） whats the main idea of the text?a. inuits approach to parenting.b. values of r

19、eading literary works.c. causes of childrens misbehavior.d. parents responses to storytelling.【答案】 （ 1） d（2） c（3） b（4） a【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇 明文，因 特人教育孩子的方式最温柔，介 了因 特人教育孩子的黄金 “不 小孩叫喊 ”以及他 塑造孩子行 的一种方式 “ 故事 ”， 我 刻 住孩子做 事的 候要保持冷静。（ 1）考 猜 。划 所在句子 步状 从句，although （即使） 前后句是相反关系。句意 ： 种文化 斥孩子，或者以生气的口吻 孩子 都是不合适的，即使小

20、孩子 家 生气的 候也是 。故 d。（ 2）考 理解。根据第三段中的 parents retell what happened when a boy threw a tantrum ( 脾气 ) by way of 可知，家 述的是小男孩 脾气 所 生的事情。也就是 故事内容就是小孩子做 的事情。故 c。（ 3）考 推理判断。根据最后一段中的and dont forget to keep cool. after all, boys will beboys. 不要忘 保持冷静。 竟，孩子就是孩子。 可知，作者 小孩子犯 ，家 要 容孩子的 ，不能 孩子要求太高。故 b。（ 4）考 主旨大意。文章

21、主要通 述因 特人温柔地教育孩子的方式， 我 如何教育孩子有所启 。故 a。【点 】本 考点涉及 理解， 猜 ，推理判断和主旨大意四个 型的考 ，是一篇文化 ，要求考生在捕捉 信息的基 上， 一步根据上下文的 关系， 行分析，推理，概括和 ，从而 出正确答案。3 理解it is commonly believed that the earliest chinese paper-cutsappeared during the sixth century. some scholars believe it was even earlier.legend has it that during the

22、 western han dynasty(206bc-ad24), emperor wudi wasvery sad after one of his favorite concubines, madame li, died. a taoistpriest, li shaoweng, cut a piece of hemp paper in the shape of madame li. whenevening fell, the emperors servants lit candles in his bedroom; the reflectionof that paper-cut on t

23、he wall made the emperor think about his belovedconcubine.the yuxian paper-cut is different from most paper-cutsproduced in other regions of china. paper-cuts from other regions are mostlycut with scissors or knives from single-colored paper, such as red or blackpaper.there are four major procedures

24、 to making the yuxianpaper-cut: first, sketch the pattern on the draft paper; second, fasten thedraft to the paper to be cut; third, use a knife to carve out the pattern; andfourth, dye ( 染色 )the paper-cut with various colors.precise cutting skills are needed to make a piece of theyuxian paper-cut,

25、which highlights the craft makers artistic taste and dyeingskills. that explains the following saying: the successfulmaking of ayuxian paper-cut is 30 percent dependent on the makers cutting skills, and 70percenton the makers dyeing skills.the traditionalyuxian paper-cuthighlights twothemes:flowersa

26、nd characters in chineseoperas. the paper-cutis particularlyknownforits vivid descriptionof characters in varioustraditional chinese operas.in october 2009, the art of yuxians paper-cut was added to the listofintangibleculturalheritage( 非 物 质 文 化 遗 产 )establishedbyunesco (unitednationseducational, s

27、cientific, and cultural organization).（ 1） the first paragraph is actually about_.a. emperor wudis favorite concubineb. the origins of chinese paper-cutsc. the inventor of chinese paper-cutd. one of the themes of yuxian paper-cut（ 2） which is the most important skill of making paper-cut?a. drawing s

28、kill.b. cutting skill.c. dyeing skill.d. carving skill（ 3） according to the passage, the yuxian paper-cut is especially famous for its_.a. lively images of characters in classic operasc. chinese cultural influence on operas（4） what is the best title for the passage?b. traditional chinese operasd. ad

29、vanced cutting techniquesa. the earliest chinese legend c. emperor wudis sad storyb. the yuxian paper-cut skillsd. chinese yuxian paper-cut【答案】 （1） b（2） c（3） a（4） d【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国蔚县剪纸。（1）考查段落大意。根据第一段可知，介绍了中国剪纸的起源。故选b。（ 2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“thesuccessful making of a yuxian paper -cut is30percent

30、dependent on the makers cutting skills, and 70 percent on the makers dyeing skills.蔚县剪纸的成功制作30 %取决于制作人的切割技巧，70 %取决于制作人的染色技巧。可知染色技巧对于剪纸最重要。故选c。（ 3 ）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“the paper -cutis particularlyknownforits vividdescription of characters in varioustraditional chinese operas剪纸以其”对各种传统戏曲中人物的生动描述而闻名。可知，选a。

31、（ 4）考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，短文主要介绍了蔚县剪纸有四个主要步骤。制作蔚县剪纸需要精确的切割技巧，这突出了手工艺者的艺术品味和染色技巧。传统蔚县剪纸突出了两个主题 :中国戏曲中的花和人物。这些都是围绕着 “中国蔚县剪纸 ”这个主题展开的。故选 d。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，段落大意和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。4阅读理解spending christmas in a foreign country can be a truly eye-opening experience, especially

32、 sinceits easy to believe that as a worldwide festival, most countries probably celebrate it in a fairlysimilar manner. being from the uk, christmas for me means spending time with family andfriends, exchanging presents, eating and drinking, and, of course, hiding from the cold. incolombia, however,

33、 christmas is viewed much more as a time which devotes itself to religion.with celebrations beginning on 7 december, columbia is recognized as having the longest christmas celebrations period in the world. the celebrations generally begin in the evening with the lighting of candles, either in the st

34、reets, parks or outside peoples homes. cities are lit up by candles, as this day marks the beginning of the christmas period. although decorations have been up since early november, another tradition in colombia is that during the nine days before christmas, family members and friends meet up to pra

35、y, sing songs and share traditional foods at home.probably the biggest surprise for me has been the music people listen to during the christmas period. at first, you could easily mistake these songs for the classic salsa, which is played all year round. however, after asking a colombian if it really

36、 felt like christmas music, they explained to me that the songs are loved more for the memories they symbolize than for the way they sound, and that colombia has been through so many dark periods in history, it was important to hold on to the good memories of years gone past.being in a country like

37、colombia during this festive period has taught me that you dont need to be religious to take part in these christmas traditions.（ 1） whats the authors opinion of christmas?（ 2） what can we learn about the christmas music?a.it is celebrated in the same way as in the uk.b.it is celebrated mainly as a

38、religious festival.c.it is celebrated for nine days or so.d.it is celebrated with lanterns and fireworks.（ 3） what do colombians do during the christmas celebration period?（ 4） colombians love the songs mainly because _. a.they sound extremely wonderfulb.they express best wishes for the future c.the

39、y represent good memories of the pastd.they have been passed down for generations【答案】 （ 1） b（ 2） b（ 3） a（ 4） c【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在哥伦比亚圣诞节的意义及人们的庆祝方式。（ 1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“ being from the uk, christmas for me means spendingtime with family and friends,exchanging presents, eating and drinking, and, of

40、course, hidingfrom the cold. 可”知在作者眼里，圣诞节意味着与家人和朋友共度时光，交换礼物，吃喝玩乐。圣诞节是团聚的时间不是独处的时间。故选b。（ 2）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“ in colombia, however, christmas is viewed much moreas a time which devotes itself toreligion. 可知”在哥伦比亚，圣诞节更多的是作为宗教节日被庆祝的，故选 b。（ 3）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“ anothertradition in colombia is that duringthe n

41、inedays before christmas, familymembers and friends meet up to pray, sing songs and sharetraditional foods at home.可知在哥”伦比亚，家人和朋友团聚祈祷，唱歌，共享传统食物。故选 a。（ 4）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“ the songs are loved more for the memories theysymbolize than for theway they sound, and that colombia has been through so many dark

42、periods in history, it was important to hold on to the good memories of years gone past.可知哥”伦比亚圣诞音乐让人喜爱是因为它们所象征的记忆，是要保持对过去岁月的美好记忆。故选 c。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。5阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、 c 和 d）中，选出最佳选项。climate change is perhaps the key issue of our time. ofte

43、n, however, it is presented to us as being so abstract that it seems impossibly distant. for those of you looking for something a little more concrete, a new report suggests that the effects of climate change may significantly affectcoffee.the report, put out by the climate institute, describes the

44、effects of climate change on various coffee-growing nations and the resultant effects on the plants and those who grow them.coffee arabica plants, which produce 70% of all commercial coffee, can be adversely affected by even a half-degree change in typical weather conditions. this sensitivity to tem

45、perature puts the plant at increased risk of the effects of climate change.in central america the average temperature has risen by a full degree celsius since 1960. in ethiopia the average temperature has increased by 1. 3 degrees. this increase is enough to have notable effects on the plants. in ta

46、nzania the productivity per hectare of coffee has fallen by half since the 1960s due to changes in temperature.indeed, studies claim that by 2050 the area of the world suitable for growing coffee will be cutby half. coffee production is likely to then be pushed to higher elevations (海拔 ) to take adv

47、antage of lower temperatures, but this will not be enough to make up for lost lowland areas.coffee is the second most traded goods by developing nations, and the inability of producer nations to export it could cause dramatic chain reactions in their economies. millions of people make a living in th

48、e production, processing, transport, and sale of coffee; their livelihoods would stand to take a blow as growing areas decrease and prices rise.as the temperature keeps rising, your cup of coffee will become much more expensive, and it may also carry an aftertaste bitterer than usual, for all those

49、workers in the coffee belt left without the means to make a living as conditions worsen. not only that, but the economic effects will cost the west millions in increased foreign aid.（ 1） what does the underlined word adversely in paragraph 3 most probably mean?a. slightlyb. temporarilyc. harmfullyd.

50、 gradually（ 2） why will people have to grow coffee in highland areas?a. to adapt to the change of temperature.b. to increase the quality of the products.c. to reduce the cost of coffee productiond. to get access to water supply more easily.（ 3） what conclusion can we draw from the last two paragraph

51、s?（ 4） how does the author feel about the future of coffee production?a. cautious.b. worried.c. unconcerned.d. hopeful.【答案】 （ 1） c（ 2） a（ 3） b（ 4） b【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一份新的报告表明，气候变化的影响可能会显著影响咖啡。到 2050 年，世界上适合种植咖啡的面积将减少一半。咖啡产业的变化会对社会造成很多影响。（ 1）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“ thissensitivityto temperatureputs theplanta

52、tincreased risk of the effects of climate change.这种对温度的敏感”性增加了植物受到气候变化影响的风险。由此推断出，上文的意思是阿拉比卡咖啡的产量占所有商业咖啡的70%，在典型的天气条件下，即使气温只上升了半度，也会对其产生不利影响。adversely 意思是有害的，故选c。（ 2）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的 “ coffee production is likely to then be pushed to higher elevations to take advantage of lower temperatures, but this

53、will not be enough to make up for lost lowland areas. 咖”啡生产很可能会被推到更高的海拔，以利用更低的温度，但这将不足以弥补失去的低地地区。由此推断出，人们要在高地地区种植咖啡是为了适应温度的变化，故选a。（ 3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“ coffeeis thesecond mosttradedgoods bydeveloping nations, and the inability of producer nations to export it could cause dramatic chainreactions in t

54、heireconomies. 咖”啡是发展中国家的第二大贸易商品，而生产国无法出口咖啡，可能会在其经济中引发巨大的连锁反应) 和最后一段中的“not onlythat,buttheeconomic effects will cos t the west millions in increased foreign aid. 不仅如此，其经”济影响还将使西方国家在增加对外援助方面损失数百万美元。由此推断出，这些小的变化也可能产生大的影响，故选 b。（ 4）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“ anew reportsuggests thatthe effects of climatechange may

55、 significantlyaffect coffee. 一”份新的报告表明，气候变化的影响可能会显著影响咖啡。和第五段中的“indeed,studies claim that by 2050 the area of the world suitable forgrowing coffee will be cut by half.事实上，研究”表明，到2050 年，世界上适合种植咖啡的面积将减少一半。由此推断出，作者对咖啡生产的未来很担忧，故选b。【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇社会类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。6阅读理解for all the pressures and rewards of regionalization (地区化 ) and globalization, local identiti