高考英语总复习 Module4 Sandstorms in Asia 外研版必修3

1、Module 4 Sandstorms in Asia,Section 1,高考话题诵读 常考话题世界与环境() 话题词汇 1. harmony n. 和谐 2. harm n. 伤害 3. lack n. 缺乏 4. environment n. 环境 5. source n. 来源 6. nature n. 大自然,7. habitat n. 栖息地 8. influence n. 影响 9. pollute v. 污染 10. threaten v. 威胁 11. cause v. 导致 12. protect v. 保护 13. pour v. 流出 14. miserable adj

2、. 悲惨的 15. unpleasant adj. 使人不愉快的,16. die out 灭绝 17. be faced with 面临 18. leave . behind 把抛于脑后 19. effective adj. 有效的 20. fantastic adj. 极好的 21. unfit adj. 不适宜的 22. make a difference 有影响,23. for lack of 因缺乏 24. as a consequence 因此；结果 25. catch ones eye 引起某人的注意 26. in ones view 在某人看来 27. to make matte

3、rs worse 使事情更糟糕的是 28. pay attention to 注意,厚积薄发 .完成句子 (1)对我们来说，保护环境是必要的。 It is necessary for us _ _ _ _. (2)有些人对于他们居住的环境毫不在意。 Some people _ _ _ _ the environment that they live in,答案 (1)to protect our environment (2)pay no attention to,变换句式 水资源受到了严重的污染，结果，一些水不适宜饮用。 Water sources have bee badly pollut

4、ed. As a result, some of the water is unfit to drink.(使用so . that结构改写句子) Water sources have bee _ _ _ _ some of the water is unfit to drink,答案 so badly polluted that,改写句子 我在欣赏四周的美景时，我看到了一些让人不愉快的事情。 When I was enjoying the beautiful scenery around, I noticed something unpleasant. When I was enjoying

5、the _ scenery around, something unpleasant _ _ _,答案 fantastic; caught my eye,Section 2,基础知识自测 词汇拓展 1. _ adj. 大量的；大规模的 2. _ vt. 预报；预告 3. _ adj. 吓人的；可怕的_ v. 使惊吓，惊恐_ adj. 害怕的；受惊吓的_ n. 惊吓 4. _ n. 力量；力气_ vt. 加强_ adj. 坚强的；强壮的_ adv. 坚强地,5. _ adj. 关心的；担心的_ n. frighten; frightened; fright 4. strength; streng

6、then; strong; strongly 5. concerned; concern; concerning 6. major; majority 7. plain; plaint 8. protection; protect 9. process 10. atmosphere 11. recycle 12. absolutely 13. pollution; pollute 14. evidence; evident 15. urgent; urge; urgency,语境填词 _ your health, were very _ about your illness though yo

7、u always say theres no cause for _. (concern) 2. An unhappy home _ can affect a childs behaviour, so we should pay attention to _ problems. (environment) 3. The manager had to put his work aside for a while to deal with an _ accident.(urge,4. Do you listen to the weather _(预报) from the local radio s

8、tation every morning? 5. I was moving some furniture and I twisted my ankle in the _(过程). 6. A good government will grant freedom of speech to its _ and will not control their opinions and thoughts. (citizen) 7. We are planning an advertising _(活动) for our new product,8. As I just mentioned, polluti

9、on is a _(主要的) concern of our country. 9. Anything you say may be taken down and used as _(证据) against you. 10. It is very unwise to take legal action against someone unless it is _(绝对地) necessary,自我校对 1. Concerning; concerned; concern 2. environment; environmental 3. urgent 4. forecast 5. process 6

10、. citizens 7. campaign 8. major 9. evidence 10. absolutely,短语互译 1. cut down _ 2. dig up _ 3. be caught in _ 4. look through _ 5. wake up to sth. _ 6. one after another _ 7. 席卷 _ 8. 对有影响 _,9. 分发；用尽 _ 10. 吸收；欺骗 _ 11. 对关心；担心 _ 12. 阻止做 _,自我校对 1. 砍倒；削减 2. 挖掘 3. 被困住 4. 浏览 5. 意识到 6. 一个接一个地 7. sweep away 8.

11、 have an effect on 9. give out 10. take in 11. be concerned about 12. prevent . from doing sth,句型透视 1. appear to have done sth. 好像做了某事。 Sandstorms in China _ _ _ _ _ _ _(似乎在最近几年增加了)as a result of “desertification”. 仿写：他们的要求似乎已得到满足。 Their requirements _ _ _ _ _,2. make+it+adj. /n. +to do . (it在句中充当形式

12、宾语) The storms sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust _ _ _ _ _(使得能见度很低). 仿写：水里的矿物质使得这水挺难喝的。 The minerals in the water _ _ _ _ _,3. do nothing but do sth. 只能做某事。 He does nothing _ _(除了抱怨). 仿写：老人的儿子除了玩游戏之外，什么都不干。 The old mans son _ _ _ _ _,4. if/when/whenever

13、possible构成的省略句。 The garbage is then taken away and, _ _(如果可能的话), recycled. 仿写：如果可能的话，请在今晚以前告诉我。 _,5. get sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事。 The “Green” movement tries to _ _ _ _ _ _(让政府认真思考)the environment and how to look after it. 仿写：我搬家具时请了他帮忙。 _,自我校对 1. appear to have increased in recent years appear to have

14、 been met/satisfied 2. makes it difficult to see made it unpleasant to drink 3. but plain did nothing but play games 4. if possible If possible, please let me know by this evening. 5. get governments to think seriously about I got him to help me when I moved the furniture,课文语法填空 Sandstorms have been

15、 a major disaster for many Asian countries for centuries. Scientists have tried many ways _1_(solve) this problem and in China, a mass campaign has been started to help solve _2_. Sandstorms are strong, dry winds that carry sand. They are often so thick _3_ you cannot see the sun, and the wind is so

16、metimes strong enough to move sand dunes. The four main places in the world _4_ there are sandstorms are Central Asia, North America, Central Africa and Australia,Northwest China is part of the sandstorm center in Central Asia. Sandstorms begin in desert areas. Sandstorms in China appear to have inc

17、reased in recent years as a result of “desertification”. This is a process that _5_(happen) when land bees desert because _6_ climate changes and because people cut down trees and dig up grass,Sandstorms sometimes affect Beijing. Citizens wake up to _7_ orange sky and strong wind that cover the city

18、 in a thick, brown-yellow dust. The storms sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very _8_ (slow) because the thick dust makes it difficult to see. The desert is only 250 kilometers away to the west of Beijing. To prevent it _9_ (e) nearer, the government has planted more _10_ 30 billion trees

19、 and plans to continue planting for the next five years,自我校对 本文介绍了几个世纪以来许多亚洲国家的一个主要灾难沙尘暴。文中说明了什么是沙尘暴及其发生的主要地区，以及中国西北的沙尘暴与政府对此所作的努力。 1. to solve 不定式表目的，try many ways to do .意思是：“尝试了很多办法做”。 2. it 替代前一分句中的this problem。 3. that so . that .句型中that引导结果状语从句。 4. where 引导定语从句并在从句中作地点状语，先行词是places,5. happens

20、文中时态为一般现在时且第三人称单数作主语，故谓语动词用单数。 6. of 介词短语because of后接名词，引导原因状语。 7. an 可数单数名词前一般用不定冠词。 8. slowly 修饰动词move，作状语，用副词。 9. ing 动词短语prevent .(from)doing .表示“阻止干”。 10. than more than .意为“多于；不只,Section 3,重点词汇突破 重点单词 1. strength n. 力量；力气；长处；优势 One day, he gathered up all his strength and decided to attend a j

21、ob interview. 一天，他鼓足勇气决定参加工作面试。 The great strength of our plan lies in its simplicity. 我们这个计划的最大长处在于它的简单,学生动脑 build up ones strength 强身健体 with all ones strength 用尽全身的力气 strengths and weaknesses 优势和劣势 have the strength to do sth. 有力气/意志做某事 strengthen vt. 加强；增强；改善,临阵磨枪 (1)用strength及其派生词的适当形式填空。 The ma

22、n looks _, but he has no _ to lift the heavy box. He needs to _ his body.(strength) (2)用strength的相关短语完成句子。 参加体育锻炼增强体力。 Take part in the physical exercise and _ _ _ _,他用全力举起那块石头。 He lifted the stone _ _ _ _,keys：(1)strong; strength; strengthen (2)build up your strength with all his strength,2. concer

23、ned adj. 关心的；担心的；挂念的；有关的 My teacher showed great concern about me and I felt very warm. 老师很关心我，我感到很温暖。 Jane has never been particularly concerned about what other people think of her. 简对别人如何看待自己从来不太在意。 词形变化 concern n. 担忧；关注的事情 vt. 关心；关注；使担忧；涉及；关系到 concerning prep. 关于concerned adj. 关心的；担心的,学生动脑 with

24、concern 关切地 be concerned about/with/for sth. 担心/挂念 be concerned that从句 担心 as far as . be concerned 就而言 concern oneself with/about 忙于某事；关心某事 express/show concern about 对表示关心 have no concern for/with 对毫不关心/和毫无关系,教师点拨 concerned作形容词时，意为“关心的，挂念的，担心的”，充当前置定语；表示“相关的，有关的”，作定语时要后置。如：a concerned look关切的神色；the

25、 authorities concerned有关部门,临阵磨枪 用适当的词填空或完成句子。 (1)Her illness _ _ _(使她的父母很担心). (2) _ _ _ _ _ _ (在我看来), parents _ _ _ _ _ (太过关心过于担心)the future of their children. (3)Last week, we did a survey among 2,600 students _(concern)“Who Is Your Idol,4)As far as I am concerned, a teacher should love his student

26、s, and concern _ with their needs and desires. (5)When we find someone in trouble we should say _ concern “Do you have any difficulty? Let me help you out,keys：(1)concerns her parents (2)As far as I am concerned; are too concerned about/show too much concern for (3)concerning (4)himself/herself (5)w

27、ith,3. plain vi. 抱怨；发牢骚；控诉；投诉 Even stars who enjoy full justice often plain about how hard their lives are. 甚至享受完全公平的明星也经常抱怨他们的生活是多么艰辛。 He wrote a letter plaining that it was a place of “mess and drunkenness”. 他写信抱怨这是一个“秩序混乱、酗酒成风”的地方,学生动脑 plain(to sb.)of/about sth./doing sth. (向某人)投诉抱怨某事；(向某人)发牢骚 pl

28、aint n. 抱怨；投诉；控告 make a plaint aboutof sth.抱怨投诉某事 make a plaint to sb. 向某人抱怨投诉,临阵磨枪 用适当的介词与所给词的适当形式填空或完成句子。 (1)He_ _ _ _ _ (抱怨他的运气不好)instead of associating his failure with his laziness and passiveness. (2)Believe it or not, I am just fed up with her endless _(plain). (3)She plained to me _ his rude

29、ness and impoliteness,4)If you want to _ _ _(提出投诉), you had better follow the correct procedure. (5)_ _ _ _(有些学生抱怨) their parents are old-fashioned or dont know whats going on and cant keep up with times,keys：(1)plained about his bad luck (2)plaints (3)about (4)make a plaint (5)Some students plain t

30、hat,4. major adj. 主要的；较大的；较多的 vi. 主修；专攻 n. 主修课程；主修学生 There were calls for major changes to the welfare system. 有人要求对福利制度进行重大改革。 词形变化 major adj. 主要的 vi. 主修majority n. 大多数 She was elected by/with a majority of 749. 她以749票的多数票当选,学生动脑 major problems 主要问题 the major subjects 主修课程 play a major role in sth.

31、 在某事中起重要作用 be in a/the majority 占大多数 by/with a majority of 以多数 a/the majority of 的大多数 minor adj. 较少的；次要的 minority n. 少数；少数民族,巧学助记,临阵磨枪 同义句改写。 Im a history major. (1)_(major作主语) (2)_(major作动词,keys：(1)My major is history. (2)I major in hisory,单词集训 用所给词的适当形式填空。 (1)The government has introduced _(protec

32、t) for the local green agriculture. (2)The guests made a _(plain) that the fish was too small. (3)Among the members of the team those who are for the plan are in the _(major,4)It is _(evidence) to all of you that he has made a mistake. (5)Dont let the children watch the _(frighten) film,答案 (1)protec

33、tion (2)plaint (3)majority (4)evident (5)frightening,重点短语 1. give out放出；发出(光、热等) 结合下面例句，体会give out的不同意义 The sun gives out light and heat.(发出；放出) They gave out ad leaflets to the customers.(分发) The news of the Presidents death was given out in a radio broadcast.(宣布；公布) His strength gave out after he

34、ran such a long distance.(用完；用尽,学生动脑 give away 赠送；泄露 give back 送还；恢复 give in 屈服；让步 give off 放出；发出(气味、光、烟等) give up 放弃；戒除,巧学助记,教师点拨 (1)give out表示“分发；发表；放出”时是及物动词短语。 (2)表示“用尽；用完”时，give out与run out是不及物动词短语，而use up, run out of是及物动词短语，有被动语态。主语往往是人。如： Tom is a man who will use up his money when he has mon

35、ey. 汤姆是个有钱就要花光的人,临阵磨枪 用适当的介词/副词填空。 (1)The apples give _ a very sweet smell. (2)She seems to have given _ all the hopes. (3)He gave _ part of his ine to his needy friends. (4)My money is giving _,keys：(1)off (2)up (3)away (4)out,2. cut down 砍倒;削减;缩短 He tried to cut down on smoking but failed. 他试图少抽烟,

36、但没成功。 学生动脑 cut in 插嘴 (on sth. ) cut off 切断；隔绝 cut out 剪除；切掉 cut up 切碎,临阵磨枪 (1)用cut的短语填空。 How can you _ the risk of cancer? He also supplied the north when America _ energy aid. He had _ the meat before his mother came back,2)完成句子。 If you dont cut down your smoking, _ _ _ _ _ _(我将停止给你生活费,keys：(1)cut

37、down cut off cut up (2)I will cut off your supply,3. have an effect on 对有影响 To my satisfaction, the medicine has a good effect on me. 令我满意的是，这种药对我有良好的疗效。 学生动脑 put/carry . into effect 实行；实施；生效 e into effect 生效 be of no effect 无效 take/have effect 见效；生效；实施,临阵磨枪 (1)用effect组成的短语填空。 The new law will _ _ _

38、(生效) next month. _ _(事实上), our wages will fall by 2%. The medicine was _ _ _(没有效果) on the patient,2)完成句子。 Usually what the teacher says _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _(会对孩子产生深远影响,keys：(1)e into effect In effect of no effect (2)will have a deep effect on a child,短语集训 .介、副词填空。 (1)The students were giving _ leaflets t

39、o everyone on the street. (2)Inflation is having a disastrous effect _ the economy. (3)It took me a long time to take _ what you were saying,4)Our money is running out. We should cut _ expenses. (5)Please look _ your paper before you hand it in to avoid possible mistakes,答案 (1)out (2)on (3)in (4)dow

40、n (5)through,4)Some false advertisements are taking the countryside women as their targets, because they are easy to _ _. (5)Unemployment is rising; prices are increasing. _, the economy is in trouble,答案 (1)cut down (2)looked through (3)give out (4)take in (5)In a nutshell,重点句型突破 重点句型 2. The storms

41、sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes it difficult to see. 暴风有时持续一整天，车辆开得很慢，因为浓浓的尘埃使得能见度很低。 句型解析 (1)“make+宾语+宾语补足语”是一个常用句式，其中作宾语 补足语的可以是动词原形、形容词、名词或过去分词,2)如果make后的宾语是动词不定式或从句，宾语补足语是 形容词或名词，这时往往把形式宾语it放在宾语的位置上，把 真正的宾语放在后面。find, feel, think, take等动词也有这样

42、的用法。 Many parents find it helpful to have pets in the house for their children. 很多父母发现在家为他们的孩子养宠物很有帮助。 I feel it an honour to be invited to speak here. 受邀在此讲话我感到很荣幸,临阵磨枪 完成句子。 (1)他的懒惰使他不可能取得成功。 His laziness _ _ _ _ _ _ _ success. (2)她明确表示她不喜欢游泳。 She _ _ _ _ she doesnt like swimming,keys：(1)makes it

43、impossible for him to achieve (2)makes it clear that,2. The garbage is then taken away and, if possible, recycled. 然后把垃圾带走，如果可能的话，进行回收利用。 句型解析 此处if possible相当于if it is possible，属于省略句，常在句中作插入语，起补充说明的作用,1)在if, when, while, once, unless等引导的状语从句中 如果含有be的某种形式，且从句的主语与主句的主语一致 或从句的主语是it时，从句的主语和be可以省略。如： I w

44、ont go to the party unless(I am)invited. 如果不被邀请，我不会去参加那个晚会。 (2)if引导的省略形式的固定用法有以下几种： if ever 如果曾经有的话 if not 如果不是这样的话,if any 如果有的话 if so 如果这样的话 if necessary 如果有必要 He will, if possible, transfer to a better university. 如果可能的话，他会转入一个更好的大学。 It is said that she was admitted to a famous university. If so,

45、Im really proud of her. 据说她被一所著名大学录取了。如果是那样的话，我真为她感到自豪,临阵磨枪 (1)完成句子。 We can use aluminium instead of steel, _ _ (如果有必要). I dont think there will be more than a dozen eggs left, _ _(如果有的话). _ _(如果可能的话), he wanted proof before he would believe something,2)句型转换。 Once he was in the examination hall, he

46、forgot everything. _ _ the examination hall, he forgot everything. You should be careful when you are crossing the road. You should be careful _ _ the road,keys：(1)if necessary if any If possible (2)Once in when crossing,句型集训 .句型转换(用省略结构)。 (1)If it is possible, I would like to have two copies of it.

47、 _ _, I would like to have two copies of it. (2)She hurt her left leg while he was playing football. She hurt her left leg while _ _,答案 (1)If possible (2)playing football,完成句子。 (1)We can help you do the work _ _(如果有必要). (2)There are not many novels in our library, _ _ (如果有的话). (3)I will go to Sanya

48、this weekend and, _ _ (如果可能的话), Ill take my girlfriend,答案 (1)if necessary (2)if any (3)if possible,Section 4,读写微技能导练 选择文章标题有三招 文章的标题是段落中心思想最精炼的表达形式，其特点是： (1)概括性：短小精悍，言简意赅，多为一个名词性短语。 (2)针对性：既能覆盖全文，范围又不大不小。 (3)醒目性：能吸引人的眼球，能引起阅读欲望,以下三招可帮助我们提高解题速度和增加准确性。 1. 用略读法。 与解答主旨大意题相同，主要是略读，即重点理解首尾段和各段的首尾句，迅速找出主题句

49、，或根据文章内容自己归纳主旨要义，然后与各标题对照，看哪个选项与文章主旨大意相符,2. 用写作法。 先不看文章，浏览各备选项，逐一设想，如果我用这个标题来写文章会写些什么内容呢，并构思结构框架，然后快速浏览全文，对照自己原有设想，一一排除荒谬者。 3. 研究备选项。 研究备选项里面的中心词、各选项的修饰语及彼此差异、分析概括范围等，看是否以偏概全，是否只是某个细节等，逐一排除不符者。 实际解题过程中，是综合以上三种方法的,即学即用 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A，B，C和D项中，选出最佳选项。 (2010广东)When something goes wrong, it can be very s

50、atisfying to say, “Well, its so-and-sos fault.” or “I know Im late, but its not my fault; the car broke down.” It is probably not your fault, but once you form the,habit of blaming somebody or something else for a bad situation, you are a loser. You have no power and could do nothing that helps chan

51、ge the situation. However, you can have great power over what happens to you if you stop focusing on whom to blame and start focusing on how to remedy the situation. This is the winners key to success,Winners are great at overing problems. For example, if you were late because your car broke down, m

52、aybe you need to have your car examined more regularly. Or, you might start to carry along with you the useful phone numbers, so you could call for help when in need. For another example, if your colleague causes you problems on the job for lack of responsibility or ability, find ways of,dealing wit

53、h his irresponsibility or inability rather than simply blame the person. Ask to work with a different person, or dont rely on this person. You should accept that the person is not reliable and find creative ways to work successfully regardless of how your colleague fails to do his job well,This is w

54、hat being a winner is all about creatively using your skills and talents so that you are successful no matter what happens. Winners dont have fewer problems in their lives; they have just as many difficult situations to face as anybody else. They are just better at seeing those problems as challenges and opportunities to develop their own talents. So, stop focusing on “whose fault it is.” Once you are confident about your power over bad situations, problems are just stepping stop on for success,1. According to the passage, winners _. A. deal with problems rather than blame oth