2014中考语法专项数词

1、一、基数词 1. 基数词的构成 基数词用来表示精确的数量。基数词有两个后缀：-teen表示“十几”；-ty表示“几十,巧学妙记,1) 2199 的表示法。先说“几十”，再说“几”，中间加连字符号“-”。 25 twenty-five38 thirty-eight 49 forty-nine 87 eighty-seven 99 ninety-nine44 forty-four (2) 101999的表示法。先说“几百”，后接and，再加末尾两位数(或末位数) 。 208 two hundred and eight 462 four hundred and sixty-two 683 six h

2、undred and eighty-three 999 nine hundred and ninety-nine,3) 1000以上的基数词的表示法。先从后向前数，每三位数加一个逗号，第一个逗号前的数为thousand（千），第二个逗号前的数为million（百万），第三个逗号前的数为billion（十亿），然后一段一段地表示。 6, 863 six thousand, eight hundred and sixty-three 45, 256 forty-five thousand, two hundred and fifty-six 365, 261 three hundred and s

3、ixty-five thousand, two hundred and sixty-one 50, 331, 250 fifty million, three hundred and thirty-one thousand, two hundred and fifty,2. 基数词的用法 (1) 基数词修饰hundred，thousand，million，billion等词时，这些词要用单数形式；若这些词和介词of搭配构成短语表示不确定的数目时，这些词要用复数形式。 hundreds of visitors 几百参观者 millions of workers 数百万工人 (2) in ones

4、 +数词的复数，意为“在某人岁时”。 the scientist invented a new machine in his fifties. 这位科学家在他五十多岁的时候发明了一台新机器,3) in+the+年的复数，意为“在几十年代”。 our country changed in the eighties of the last century. 我们的国家在上个世纪八十年代发生了巨大变化。 (4) 表示时间 8: 15 eight fifteen / a quarter past eight 11:30 eleven thirty / half past eleven 11: 50 e

5、leven fifty / ten to twelve 注意：当分钟数小于或等于30分钟时，可以用介词past 表达；当分钟数大于30分钟时用介词to表达,5) 表示序号 room 306 306号房间 lesson 5第五课 bus 432 432路公共汽车,语法精练】 1. (2014黔东南州) there are _ months in a year. may is the _ month of a year. a. twelfth; five b. twelve; fifth c. twelve; fiveth d. twelfth; five 答案：b句意：在一年中有十二个月。五月是

6、一年的第五个月。表示数量用基数词，表示顺序用序数词。five的序数词为fifth。 2. (2014漳州) in his _. wilson returned to his hometown and began to teach. a. thirty b. thirties c. thirtieth 答案：b句意：在他三十多岁的时候，威尔逊回到家乡开始教学。in ones+数词复数，表示“在岁时,3. (2014兰州) please turn to page _ and read the _ story. a. ten; two b. ten; second c. tenth; second

7、d. tenth; two 答案：b句意：请翻到第十页读第二个故事。名词后用基数词表示顺序；名词前用序数词作定语表示顺序,4. (2014东营) when he arrived at the airport, lee minho found that _ fans were waiting for him there. a. hundred b. hundreds c. hundred of d. hundreds of 答案：dhundred没有具体数词修饰表示约数时用复数，且后面跟of。 5. he is a collector. he has _ basketballs. a. twen

8、ty three b. twenty-three c. two ten three d. three-twenty 答案：b英语中两位数的表达是先说“十位”，再说“个位”，中间加连字符“-”。故二十三应表达为：twenty-three,6. there are _ days in a year. a. three hundred sixty and five b. three hundred and sixty-five c. three hundreds and sixty-five d. three hundred sixty-five 答案：b101999的表示法。先说“几百”，后接an

9、d，再加末尾两位数(或末位数),7. can you write the number eighty-five thousand, six hundred and twenty-six? yes, it is _. a. 85,662 b. 85,626c. 58, 662d. 58,626 答案：beighty-five thousand, six hundred and twenty-six的正确表达为85,626。 8. we say “1997, 7, 1”like _. a. nineteen ninety-seven seven one b. nineteen ninety-sev

10、en july one c. july the first, nineteen ninety-seven d. the one, july nineteen ninety-seven 答案：c在英语中常用月、日、年的顺序来表达日期,9. there will be a comedy on tv at _ this evening. a. seven past thirtyb. half past seven c. seven the thirtyd. thirty to seven 答案：b半小时内包括半个小时，可以用介词past，past之前为分钟数，past之后为钟点数。当分钟数大于30分

11、钟时用介词to表达,10. where does mr. green live? he lives in _. mine is next to his. a. four roomb. four room c. room fourd. the room four 答案：c句意：格林先生住在哪里？他住在四号房间。我的房间紧挨着他的。基数词用来与名词连用表达编号时，名词在前，基数词在后，首字母都用大写,二、序数词 下面是最基本的序数词，其他序数词都是由这些序数词构成的,说明： (1) 许多序数词是由相应的基数词后加词尾-th构成的。 four fourthsix sixth ten tenthsix

12、teen sixteenth (2) 少数基数词变序数词时，有特殊的形式。 one first (1st)two second (2nd) three third (3rd)nine ninth five fiftheight eighth twelve twelfth,3) 以ty结尾的基数词变序数词时，将词尾的y变为i，加-eth。 twentieth 第二十 thirtieth 第三十 fiftieth 第五十seventieth 第七十 eightieth 第八十 (4) 非整十的多位数，只将个位数变成序数词。 twenty-sixth 第二十六thirty-second 第三十二 n

13、inety-first 第九十一 two hundred and forty-sixth 第二百四十六,巧学妙记,序数词的用法 (1) 序数词表示顺序，常和the或形容词性物主代词一起使用。 i live on the third floor. 我住在三楼。 is this your first visit to our city? 这是你第一次参观我们的城市吗？ (2) 表示日期 may 1(st), 2008 读作： may the first, two thousand and eight. 或the first of may, two thousand and eight. 2008年

14、5月1日,3) 和基数词连用表示分数 1/5 one fifth3/4 three fourths 1/3 one / a third2/3 two thirds 表达分数时分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子超过“1”时，分母用复数形式,语法精练】 1. (2014天津) _ month of the year is may. a. two b. the second c. five d. the fifth 答案：d句意：一年的第五个月是五月。序数词前加定冠词the。 2. (2014聊城) christmas day is on _ of december. a. twenty-five b

15、. the twenty-five c. twenty-fifth d. the twenty-fifth 答案：d句意：圣诞节是在十二月二十五日。序数词超过二十以上的，十位数用基数词，个位数用序数词，且序数词前要加定冠词the,3. (2014绥化) how old is mary? _. we had a special party for her _ birthday yesterday. a. twenty; twentyth b. twenty; twentieth c. twenties; twentieth 答案：b表达年龄用基数词；表达第几个生日用序数词,4. (2014凉山)

16、 have you ever come to xichang before? yes. this is my _ visit to xichang. i have come here twice before. a. two b. second c. three d. third 答案： d由下一句“我以前已经来这儿两次了。”可知这是第三次。 5. (2014内江) mom, _ of the apples _ gone bad. wed better eat up the rest as soon as possible. a. one third; have b. one thirds; have c. one third; has d. first three; has 答案：a三分之一的正确表达为one third；因apples是复数，故用have,6. february 28 sh