高考英语一轮总复习 第一部分 教材知识梳理 Unit 2 The Olympic Games 新人教版必修2A

1、Unit 2The Olympic Games,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,1.ancientadj.古代的,古老的 2.petevi.比赛;竞争 petitorn.竞争者 petitionn.竞争;比赛,竞赛 3.medaln.奖章;勋章;纪念章 4.magicaladj.巫术的,魔术的,有魔力的 magicn.巫术,魔法,戏法 5.volunteern.志愿者;志愿兵 adj.志愿的;义务的 vt.常规的 regularlyadv.定期地,有规律地,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,8.basisn.基础;根据 bases(pl.) basevt.以为基础 9.admitvt.主管,重点短语

2、,重点句型,重点单词,16.physicaladj.物理的;身体的 17.finevt.罚款 18.advertise/advertizevt.理所当然的,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,1.take part in 参加,参与 2.stand for 代表;象征;表示 3.as well 也;又;还 4.in charge 主管;看管 5.one after another 陆续地,一个接一个地 6.used to过去常常,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,1.我生活在你们称之为“古希腊”的地方,我过去也经常写有关很久以前奥运会的情况。 I lived in what you call “Anci

3、ent Greece” and I used to write about the Olympic Games a long time ago. 2.别的国家不能参加,奴隶和妇女也不能参加! No other countries could join in,nor could slaves or women,The Winter and the Summer Olympics both 1.are held(hold) every four years on a regular 2.basis(base).Only athletes who have reached the agreed st

4、andard for their event will be admitted as 3.petitors(pete).Slaves and women were not allowed to take part 4.in the ancient Olympic Games.Nowadays women are not only allowed 5.to pete(pete) in it,but play a very important role in gymnastics,athletics,team sports and so on.For each Olympics,a special

5、 village,6.which includes a main reception building,several stadiums for petitions,and a gymnasium as well,is built for the athletes to live in.Theres much petition among countries to host the Olympics.Its a great 7.responsibility(responsible) and a great honor for every country to 8.be chosen(choos

6、e).Every athlete is eager 9.to win a gold medal for 10.themselves(they) and their homeland,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,pete vi.竞争;竞赛 How many countries peted in the ancient Olympic Games?有多少国家参加古代奥运会?(教材原句P9) 常见用法 pete with/against 与比赛,与竞争 pete for 为争夺而竞争 pete in 参加比赛,在中进行竞争 Japan peted with other countries for

7、world market.日本与其他国家竞争国际市场。 How many runners will be peting in the marathon?多少个赛跑者参加马拉松比赛? The stores have to pete for customers in the Christmas season.商店必须争夺圣诞季的顾客,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,拓展延伸 petition n.竞争,竞赛 petitor n.竞争者 petitive adj.竞争的,有竞争力的 现学活用 单句填空 1.More than 10,000 petitors from the world came to

8、 Beijing to pete with each other for medals in 2008. 2.Weve seen some potential petitors(pete) fall by the wayside. 3.In order to enter the petitive(pete) market,they reduced the price. 4.The pany must be able to pete in the international marketplace,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,admit vt.接纳 Only athletes who have

9、 reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as petitors.只有达到他们各自项目统一标准的运动员才会被允许参加奥运会。(教材原句P10) That man is not to be admitted.不准那个人进来。 The small window admitted very little light.那扇小窗户只能透进一点光线。 The school admits sixty new boys and girls every year.这所学校每年招收60名男女新生。 The theater admit

10、s only 250 people.这家戏院只能容纳250人,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,常见用法 admit sth.承认某事 admit doing/having done sth.承认做过某事 admit to (doing) sth.供认(做过)某事 admit that.承认 admit sb./sth.to be.承认某人/某物是 be admitted as.被承认/接纳为 It is admitted that.人们公认 George would never admit to being wrong.乔治从不认错。 We have to admit that there is

11、 still room for improvement.我们不得不承认,在这方面仍有提升空间,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,拓展延伸 admission n.承认;准许进入;坦白;入场费 admittable adj.具有进入的资格的 现学活用 用admit的适当形式填空 1.I wonder if my design is admittable to the final petition. 2.Admission to British universities depends on examination results,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,charge n.责任;电荷;指控;费用

12、;照顾 vi.要价;充电;向前冲,冲锋;记在账上 vt.控诉;赊账;给充电;委以重任;归罪于 duty to be in charge and get in trouble if things go wrong如果事情出错会惹上麻烦或有责任对某事负责(教材原句P12) 常见用法 1.in charge主管,领导;负责 in charge of sb./sth.掌管某人/负责某事(主语多是人,sb.be in charge of sb./sth.) in the charge of sb.=in ones charge由某人负责(主语多是物,sth.be in ones charge/in th

13、e charge of sb.) take charge of 控制,掌管 free of charge 免费地 make a charge against sb.指控某人,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,2.charge sb.some money for sth.因为某事向某人收取钱 charge sb.with sth.因为某事而指控某人 He is in charge of the school work.他负责学校工作。 The project is in the charge of an experienced engineer.一位有经验的工程师负责这项工程。 Charge ten

14、 dollars for a haircut.理一次发要价10美元。 The police charged him with car theft.警方以偷车罪指控他。 Critics charged the writer with a lack of originality.评论家指责这位作家缺少独创性。 特别提醒 charge表示“收(费)”时,通常与介词 for连用,构成短语charge sb.for sth.;而表示“指控”时,通常与介词 with 连用,构成 charge sb.with sth.。 He charged me 100 dollars for this coat.这件外

15、套他要我一百美元。 The driver was charged with speeding.司机被控诉超速驾驶,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,词义辨析 1.charge用作动词时,主语是人,而不能是物,意思是“要价”。 He charged two dollars for half a dozen eggs.半打鸡蛋他要价两美元。 How much do you charge for mending a pair of shoes?你补一双鞋要多少钱? 2.cost 用作动词时,主语必须是物或各种服务事项,而不能是人。其宾语应当是钱、劳力、生命等。 The house cost him $3

16、0,000.买这所房子花了他三万美元。 Compiling a dictionary costs much time and labor.编辑字典很费时间和劳力。 3.pay用作动词时,主语是人,意思是“支付”,宾语可以是人也可以是物。 He paid ten yuan for the book.他花了10元钱买这本书。 You have to pay for what you did.你得为自己所做的一切付出代价,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,现学活用 单句改错 1.All the children in charge of the nurse are taken good care of.

17、(在in后加the) 2.A new manager will e to take the charge of this pany,which was in the charge of Mr Wang.(删除第一个the,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,advertize vt.做广告,登广告 (作定语) If you want to sell your old sofa,why not put an advertisement in the local paper?你若打算卖掉旧沙发,何不在本地报纸上登个广告呢? 现学活用 完成句子 1.我们在地方报纸上登广告招聘员工。 We advertis

18、ed/advertized for staff in a local newspaper. 2.一个公司可以利用报纸、杂志、电视、广告牌,甚至用飞机在空中喷烟形成字的办法为其产品做广告。 A pany may advertise/advertize its products by means of newspapers,magazines,television,boardings,and even skywriting,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,bargain vt.做交易 vi.讨价还价;达成协议 n.交易;契约,协定;特价商品;便宜货 Her father said that she

19、must marry,so Atlanta made a bargain with him.她的父亲说她必须结婚,于是亚特兰大就和她的父亲达成了一项协议。(教材原句P14) 常见用法 1.bargain (with sb.) over/about/for sth.为某事(与某人)讨价还价/协商成交条件/谈判 bargain that 提出条件;保证 2.make a bargain with sb.和某人讨价还价 into/in the bargain此外,另外 a good/bad bargain 买得便宜/贵,合算的/不合算的买卖,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,If you bargain

20、 with them,they might reduce the price.如果你讲讲价,他们可能会把价钱降低。 I bargained with him for the used car.我为那辆二手车和他讨价还价。 The workers bargained that they should have no work on Sundays.工人们提出星期日不上班的条件。 She was a distinguished scientist and a gifted painter into the bargain.她是一位杰出的科学家,此外还是一位很有才华的画家。 现学活用 用适当的介词填

21、空 1.Dealers bargained with growers over/about/for the price of coffee. 2.The unions made a bargain with management,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,deserve vt.得到你应得的 Those who break the rules deserve punishing.违反规定的人应该受到惩罚。 These proposals deserve serious consideration.这些建议值得认真考虑,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,拓展延伸 deserving adj.值得的

22、 be deserving of 值得 The poor girl is deserving of sympathy.那个可怜的女孩值得同情。 特别提醒 deserve不能用于进行时态。 现学活用 根据括号中所给的汉语意思填空 1.She deserves a reward(应得到奖赏) for her efforts. 2.What you have done deserves to be praised/praising(值得表扬,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,take part in 参加 Who could not take part in the ancient Olympic Ga

23、mes?哪些人不能参加古代奥运会?(教材原句P9) How many countries took part in the 29th Olympic Games in Beijing?有多少国家参加了第29届北京奥运会? Are you going to take part in the discussion?你准备参加讨论吗? When he was young,he took an active part in political activities.他年轻时,积极参加各种政治活动,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,词义辨析 1.join指加入某个组织成为其中一员,口语中常与take par

24、t in 通用。 He joined us in the discussion yesterday.他昨天参与了我们的讨论。 2.take part in指参加群众性活动、会议并在其中起积极作用。 May I take part in your game?我可以参与你们的游戏吗? 3.attend是正式用语,指参加会议、婚礼、典礼;听报告、讲座等。 Hell attend an important meeting tomorrow.他明天要参加一个重要会议,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,现学活用 用attend,join或take part in填空 1.The Olympic Games i

25、s liked by almost everyone in the world.Thats why more and more countries decided to take part in the Olympics. 2.All the students in this school are required to attend at least two lectures on how to study every month. 3.Come and join us in the party,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,stand for代表;象征;倡导,支持;容忍 What do t

26、he five rings on the Olympic flag stand for?奥运会的会旗上的五环象征着什么?(教材原句P9) What does the UK stand for?UK代表什么意思? We will not stand for impolite behavior.我们不会容忍不礼貌的行为。 拓展延伸 1.represent vi.坚持到底,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,词义辨析 1.represent用来表示代表某人、某个集团、某个团体、政府等;某种标志代表什么;某物(书、雕塑等)表现的是什么以及把某人或某物描绘成什么。 2.on behalf of只能用作状语,表

27、示“代表或代替某人”,是介词短语。 3.stand for往往用来表示(字母、数字、符号等)代表、象征什么。 现学活用 用represent,on behalf of或stand for的适当形式完成句子 1.他代表我们学校参加了比赛,我们所有的人都为他感到骄傲。 He represented our school to take part in the petition and all of us were proud of him. 2.我代表每个在这里的人,祝愿你们假期愉快。 On behalf of everyone here,I wish you a very happy holid

28、ay. 3.“E”这个字母代表什么? What does the letter “E” stand for,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,as well也,又,还 For each Olympics,a special village is built for them to live in,a main reception building,several stadiums for petitions, and a gymnasium as well.每届奥运会都有一个特殊的村庄(奥运村)供参赛的人住,一个主要的接待大楼,好几个供比赛用的体育场,还有一个室内体育馆。(教材原句P10) 常见用

29、法 as well as又,也,还;和一样好 may/might as well不妨;也好 The child is healthy as well as lively.这孩子既健康又活泼。 Im ready,so I might as well go now.我已准备好,因此不妨现在就走,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,特别提醒 1.as well常用作状语,作“又,也”解,相当于too或also,常位于句末,无须用逗号与句子分开。 2.as well as常用来连接两个并列的成分,作“也,还”解。它强调的是前一项,后一项只是顺便提及。因此连接并列主语时,谓语动词与前一项保持一致。 现学活用

30、用as well或as well as填空 1.They play all kinds of instruments and sing as well. 2.Tom,as well as Jane and Rose,is going to the farm on foot. 3.She doesnt speak as well as her friend,but her written work is excellent,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,what引导宾语从句 I lived in what you call “Ancient Greece” and I used to write

31、 about the Olympic Games a long time ago.我生活在你们称之为“古希腊”的地方,我过去也经常写有关很久以前奥运会的情况。(教材原句P9) what引导宾语从句,并在从句中作call的宾语,Ancient Greece作宾补。what引导的宾语从句常常在介词后,充当介词的宾语从句。 After many days voyage,they arrived in what is called America now.经过许多天的航行,他们到达了如今被称为美洲的地方。 He drove at what I thought was a dangerous speed

32、.他以我认为危险的速度开车。 The teacher was satisfied with what we had done.老师对我们所做的一切感到满意,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,现学活用 单句改错 1.People in Chongqing are proud of that they have achieved in the past ten years.(that改为what) 2.The four mountainclimbers at last arrived at which they called Nantianmen.(which改为what,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词

33、,nor/neither+系动词/助动词/情态动词+另一个主语 No other countries could join in,nor could slaves or women!别的国家不能参加,奴隶和妇女也不能参加!(教材原句P10) 句型“nor/neither+系动词/助动词/情态动词+另一个主语”用于否定陈述句之后,表示“也不”,相当于either用于否定句。 My sister cant swim,nor/neither can her husband.我姐姐不会游泳,她丈夫也不会。 I havent seen the film,nor/neither has Mary.我没看过

34、这部电影,玛丽也没看过,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,拓展延伸 “so+助动词/系动词/情态动词+另一个主语”是一种倒装句型,意为“也是如此”,表示上句所谈到的情况也适用于另一主语,so用来代替上句的内容。 He has finished his homework,and so have I.他完成了作业,我也完成了。 If you go to school early tomorrow,so shall I.如果明天你上学早,我也早去。 现学活用 单句改错 1.Bill wasnt happy about the delay of the report by Jason,and so was

35、 I.(so改为neither/nor) 2.Lily played basketball yesterday,and neither did Lucy.(neither改为so,一、单句填空 1.(2015新课标全国卷改编)Bicycles allow people the(free) to move about that cars just cant provide. 1.freedom。allow sb.sth.意为“给予,提供某人某物”。此空指代sth.,用名词形式freedom。 2.(2015浙江高考改编)While piggy banks teach children the w

36、isdom of(save),adults often need to relearn childhood lessons. 2.saving。of为介词,介词后面用动名词形式。 3.(2015北京高考改编)Did you enjoy the party? Yes.We were treated well by our (host). 3.hosts。根据句意可知此处表复数意义。 4.(2015江苏高考改编)They must show each other kindness and pity and the many qualities without which life would be

37、 very(pain) unless one chose to live alone in the desert. 4.painful。此空作表语,用pain的形容词形式painful,修饰life,5.(2014上海高考改编)Villagers have long been used to facing a drive when they run out of(base) supplies. 5.basic。supplies为名词,用形容词修饰。 6.(2013辽宁高考改编)He may win the(pete),in which case he is likely to get into the national team. 6.petition。此空作宾语,前面有定冠词the,用名词形式。 win the petition意为“赢得比赛”。 7.(2011重庆高考改编)It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should (replace) with a modern hotel or not. 7.be replaced。句意:这个旧汽车站是否应该被一个现代化的旅馆取代还在讨论之中。此处应用被动语态,8.(2011江苏高考改编)Teachers ha