中考复习之介词专题精选文档

1、1,介词,2,介词是一种“媒介,是表示句中某一个词或,短语与另一个词或短语,的关系的词,在英语中介词的功能,十分强大，介词是虚词,不能重读，不能单独作,句子成分,介词,的,定义,3,介词,的分类,根据介词的形式分类,1,简单介词,由一个词构成的介词,at in for near after before behind on by with,2,合成介词,由两个词合成在一起的介词,inside outside nearby within onto into without,3,双重介词,由两个简单介词重叠在一起,构成的介词,from behind,从后面,until after,直到,后,fro

2、m among,从,中间,4,4,短语介词,由一个或几个简单介词和一个或几个其,他词类组合构成,在意义和作用上相对于一个简单介,词,at the back of instead of in place of in front of,thanks to in front of at the top of on the edge of,at the bottom of,在,底部,on the point of,在,时刻,owing to,由于,due to,由于,5,动词的,ing,形式介词,在英语中有一部分动词的,ing,形,式具备介词的性质,在很多情况下,将他们视为介词,Including,包

3、括,considering,考虑到,regarding,关于,concerning,关于,5,根据介词的意义分类,介词种类,表示时间,at ,in ,on,before ,after,till until,表示地点,at in on under,by near between,into,表示方向,at for from,towards,表示所属,Of with,表示方式、方法,by in on through,with,6,介词的宾语,介词后面的名词或相当于名词的词语叫做介词的宾语,可作介词宾语的词语通常有名词、代词、数词、副词,从句、动词的,ing,形式、含有疑问词的不定式等,1.I liv

4、e,near the city center,but I work far,from that,名词,代词,2.Four,from ten,leaves six.,数词,3.We are going to talk,about when well start off,从句,4.Thanks very much,for your coming,动词的,ing,5.Could you give me some advice on,how to improve my,heath,Doctor,7,介词的功能,介词和介词宾语一起构成介词短语，在句子中作主语,表语、补足语、定语、状语、插入语等,1,作主

5、语,Between 6 and 7in the morning,is a good time for reading,2,作表语,They are,from Canada,and I am,from China,3,作补足语,When she woke up, she found herself,in hospital,He is considered,as the greatest leader,in China,4,作定语,Have you got the answers,to these questions,8,5,作状语,Can you sing this song,in Englis

6、h,方式状语,Because of the traffic,I was late for class.,原因,状语,I will see you,at your office,地点状语,The final examinations take place,in early,June,时间状语,9,表示时间的介词,at,in,after,until,before,during,10,1,at,多用于表示具体的钟点时刻前,at 5 oclock at half past seven,还可用于固定搭中,at noon,at midnight,at night,2. in,表示一段时间，用于年、月、世纪

7、、四季或泛指,的一天的上午、下午、晚上,E.G. in the twenty-first century,in July,in Spring,in the morning,还可用于表示“从现在起，多长时间以后或多久以,后,E.G. I will be go to college in 3 years,3. on,主要用在星期几，具体某一天或某一天的早,中、晚或节日前,E.G. on July 1,st,on Monday,on,Sunday morning,on Charismas Day,11,1,_November 25, 2003,2. _ 6:30 _ the evening,3. _

8、 the 1940s,4. _ my life,5,_ the age of 5,6,_the beginning of the class,7,_ a hot summer evening,on,at,in,in,at,in,Practice,on / at / in,at,on,on,具体日期,at,具体点钟,in,相对长的时间：如：某月，季节,年，世纪，上下午,12,1.My father returned at 10 oclock _,of June 15.,重庆,A. in the night B. by the night,C. on the night D. at night,2

9、.My aunt arrived here _ a warm,spring morning,A. in B. at C. on D. by,13,14,1.He has been a teacher _,10 years,2._,2000,Tom has studied English,3.Jack and John have been away from,Shanghai _,five years ago,for,Since,since,15,His father has been _ Australia,_ 1998,A. to; in B. in; since,C. to; from D

10、. in; for,16,after,17,In,和,after,的区别,In,与,after,都可以表示,之后”，其区别如下,1,后跟一段时间,in,时间”一段表示从说话时间算起的一段时间,之后；,after,一段时间”表示从过去一点时间或,将来一点时间算起的一段时间之后,e.g. They will start working in half an hour,They will work after 10 am,2,后跟一点时间,after,可跟一点时间，而,in,不可,e.g. after supper,晚饭后,after six oclock 6,点后,after school,放学后

11、,after graduation,毕业后,18,1.I hear that he,will be,back _ two,weeks time,A at B in C after D for,2._ a month, he,will be,proud _ his son,A. In; with B. After; of,C. In; of D. After; over,3. Mr. Smith,left,_ London _ breakfast,A. to, in B. for, in,C. to, after D. for, after,B,C,D,19,by,时间点”表示“到,以前为止”，

12、如果,by,后跟一个过去的时间点应用过去完成时,E.G. We had learnt 1000 English words by,the end of last year,during,时间段”与延续性动词连用表示某,期间的动作,E.G. He lives with us during these years,20,until,作介词，后接具体时刻,句子动作持续到,until,所表示的时,间为止，谓语动词为延续性动词,I cant fall into sleep until midnight,He will be working until 5 oclock,作连词，后接时间,状语从句,需注意

13、四个要点,21,要点一,若主语的谓语是非持续性动词,come/go/leave/begin/finish,等）那,么这个句子（主句）常用否定式，表示某一动作到,until,所表示的,时间才发生,notuntil,意为“直到,才,E.G. She didnt go to bed until she finished her homework,要点二,若主句的谓语是延续性动词,work/live/stay/study/play/wait,等,那么这个句子（主句）常用肯定式，表示动作一直延续到,until,所,表示的时间为止,until,意为“直到,为止,E.G. I listen to the r

14、adio until my father came back,要点三,若主句的谓语动词是延续性动词，主句也可用否定式,表示某一动作到,until,所表示的时间才发生。注意它与,肯定式的区别,E.G. I didnt listen to the radio until my father came back,要点四,若,until,引导的从句动作尚未发生，习惯上也要用一般,现在时。即：主句用一般将来时（或主句是祈使句,until,引导的时间状语从句通常用一般现在时,E.G. We wont go home until the rain stops,Dont leave until we come

15、 back,22,表示地点的介词,at,in,on,over,below,to,under,in front of,before,23,表示方位的,in,on,to,24,in , at , on, to,He will arrive _ a litlle bus stop _ Beijing,Shantou is _ the east of Guangdon,Guangxi is _ the north of Guangdong,America is _ the south of China,at,in,in,on,to,in : A,地包含,B,地,on,两地不包含，但连接,to,两地不包

16、含，不连接,25,The visitors _ Japan arrived _ Beijing,Station last Tuesday morning,A. from; at B. of; to,C. from; to D. of; on,26,表示方位的,over,above,on,27,表示方位的,at,in,on,28,in front of,和,in the front of,注,before,所表示的位置关系和,in front of,相同，表示,在,前面,E.G. He sits before me,29,below,和,under,30,be made,常见结构,be,made

17、,in,在某地制造,made in,China,of,由,制成，从成品上能看出原材料,This kind of cloth is made of silk,from,由,制成，从成品上看不出原材料,This wine is made from grapes,into,被制成,The wood is made into some tables,after,仿照,制成,up of,由,组成,31,be used,常见结构,be,used,to=becom,e used to,习惯于,后接名词、代,词或者动名词,to,被用来做,后接动词原形,The pen is used to write,for,

18、意义相当于,be used to do,但,for,后接动名词形式,as,被当作,来使用,by,被,使用,used to,过去常常，后接动词原形,32,across,和,through,通过，穿过,1. He swam _ the river,2. They walked_ the forest,3. The river goes _ the city and brings,people water and food,4. He helped the little child walk _ the road,across,指在物体,表面,穿过,through,指在物体,内部,穿过,across

19、,through,through,across,33,between,和,among,在,之间,1.Whats the difference _ a sheep,and,a goat,A. from B. to C. between D. among,2.We visited him _ his workplace _ the,young trees,A. in; beside B. at; along,C. at; among D. to; between,Keep the secret between you and_,I,me,34,表示,方式,或,手段,的介词,by, in, on, with,用,以,方式,35,1,The boy usually writes _ a red pen,2,I can write a letter _ English,3,He often goes to school _ bike,4,She always talks _a low vice,5,They talked _ the telephone,6,He went to sch