高中英语Unit1AdvertisingPeriodTwoWordPartⅡGrammar牛津译林版

1、Period Two,Word power & Grammar and usage,Part Grammar 直接引语和间接引语,一、直接引语和间接引语的区别 直接引用别人的原话，放在引号内，称为直接引语(The Direct Speech)。间接地引述别人的话，称为间接引语(The Indirect Speech)。 He said，“I will realize my dream with my efforts.” 他说：“通过努力我将实现自己的梦想。” He said that he would realize his dream with his efforts. 他说通过自己的努力，

2、他将会实现自己的梦想,语法精析,二、由直接引语变为间接引语时，通常发生以下几个方面的变化 1.句型的变化 (1)直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时，在多数情况下都构成了一个由that引导的宾语从句(that在口语中常省略)。 (2)直接引语是一般疑问句、反意疑问句或选择疑问句，变为间接引语时，常将它变成由whether 或if 引导的宾语从句，其主句谓语动词常用ask。 I asked her，“Will you go shopping with me？” I asked her whether/if she would go shopping with me. 我问她是否愿意和我一起逛街,3)

3、直接引语为特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，就将它变成由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句。 “When will you come to China？” I asked the foreigner. I asked the foreigner when he would come to China. 我问这个外国人什么时候来中国。 (4)转换祈使句时，通常采用“动词sb.动词不定式”结构。常见的引述动词有ask，tell，warn，order等；转述否定祈使句时，在动词不定式前加not。 The manager said to him，“Dont be late next time.” The manag

4、er asked him not to be late the next time. 经理对他说下次不要迟到了,5)转述感叹句时，仍以原来的what 或 how 为引导词。 Ian said，“What fascinating scenery it is！” Ian said what fascinating scenery it was. 伊恩说多么迷人的景色啊！ 2.人称代词的变化：口诀“一随主、二随宾、三不变,3.时态的变化,4.指示代词、地点副词、动词、时间状语的变化,注意：如果转述时是在原来的地方或说话的当天，就不必改变指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等。 5.语序的变化 直接引语如果是

5、疑问句，变为间接引语时，要把疑问语序变为陈述语序。 He said to me，“Do you like travelling？” He asked me if/whether I liked travelling. 他问我是否喜欢旅行,即时跟踪 .将下列句子变为间接引语 1.“Light goes faster than sound.” the teacher told me. _ 2.She said，“I have lost a pen.” _ 3.Jack said，“John，where were you going when I met you in the street？” _,

6、答案,The teacher told me light goes faster than sound. She said she had lost a pen. Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street,答案,4.Xiao Wang said，“I was born on April 21,1980.” _ 5.Peter said，“You had better come here today.” _ 6.Tom asked，“Will you go to the concert with me thi

7、s evening？” Tom asked me,whether I would go to the concert with him that evening,Xiao Wang said he was born on April 21,1980. Peter said I had better go there that day,答案,将下列句子变为直接引语 1.I asked her where she was going and what she was going to do the next day. _ 2.The stranger asked me what my name w

8、as. _ 3.She said that she would finish her work the next day. _,The stranger asked，“Whats your name？” “Ill finish my work tomorrow，” she said,I asked her，“Where are you going and what are you going to do tomorrow,答案,4.The teacher asked if we could do it. _ 5.My teacher asked whether he was coming. _

9、 6.He said those books were his. _,The teacher asked，“Can you do it？” My teacher asked，“Is he coming？” He said，“These books are mine.,答案,用所给动词的适当形式填空 1.My father said practice (make) perfect. 2.She said he demanded that the girl (leave) at once. 3.Miss Yang said that she (buy) a new dress the next w

10、eek. 4.He said that he (lose) a key there the day before. 5.He said that he (go) to Beijing the next morning,was going,makes,leave,would buy,had lost,1.Albert Einstein was born in 1879.As a child，few people guessed that he_ a famous scientist whose theories would change the world.(2015浙江，8) A.has be

11、en B.had been C.was going to be D.was,高考链接,解析答案,C,解析考查动词的时态。句意为：阿尔伯特爱因斯坦出生于1879年。孩提时，很少有人会猜想到他能成为其理论会改变世界的著名科学家。由语境可知，此处指在爱因斯坦小时候人们所猜想的，表示“从过去看将来”，要用过去将来时态，用would/should do，was/were to do或者was/were going to do表示，故C项正确,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,2.At college，Barack Obama didnt know that he the first black presi

12、dent of the United States of America.(2015陕西，24) A.was to become B.becomes C.is to become D.became,解析答案,A,解析考查动词的时态。句意为：在大学时，贝拉克奥巴马不知道他会成为美国的第一任黑人总统。由didnt know可知，此处表示从过去(上大学时)看将来要发生的动作，要用过去将来时，即谓语动词用would/should do，也可以用was/were to do表示，故选A项,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,3.I truly believe beauty comes from within

13、.(2015北京，33) A.that B.where C.what D.why,解析答案,A,解析考查宾语从句。句意为：我真的相信美来自人的内心。宾语从句意思完整，只缺连接词，故选A,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,4.The exhibition tells us we should do something to stop air pollution. (2015四川，8) A.where B.why C.what D.which,解析答案,B,解析考查宾语从句。句意为：这个展览告诉我们为什么要阻止空气污染。宾语从句缺少状语，故选项C、D错误； where引导地点状语从句，不符合题意。

14、故选B，表示“的原因,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,5.We must find out Karl is coming，so we can book a room for him. (2015重庆，8) A.when B.how C.where D.why,A,解析考查宾语从句。句意为：我们一定要搞清楚Karl什么时候来，以便我们给他订房间。由句意可知，要给Karl订房间，那么就要清楚他来这里的时间，故选when,解析答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,6.Just as I got to the school gate，I realized I my book in the cafe.

15、(2015安徽，24) A.have left B.had left C.would leave D.was leaving,B,解析考查动词的时态。 句意为：我刚一到学校门口，就意识到我把书落在咖啡馆了。realized后省略了that，这里是一个宾语从句，从句时态与主句保持一致，“落下”的动作发生在“意识到”之前，应该用过去完成时，故选B,解析答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,7.You have to know youre going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.(2015湖南，26) A.what B.that C.where D.who,C,解析考查名词性从句引导词的选择。句意为：你如果要计划到达那里的最好方法，就得知道自己要往哪里去。分析句子结构可知，know后的 youre going是宾语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，故用where,解析答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,8.He must have sensed that I him.He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly，“W