美国爱默生ppt课件

1、Ralph Waldo Emerson,1803-1882,American Confucius” - Abraham Lincoln,Life Major Works Ideas Influence,Ralph Waldo Emerson,Early Life,1803, born in Boston, MA 1811, his father died, “Genteel Poverty” 1817, Harvard College, Unitarianism,Early Life,1821, graduated, taught for young ladies 1825, Harvard

2、Divinity School 1829, minister, The Second Church of Boston,First Marriage,1829, married, Ellen Louisa Tucker (died of TB two years later) 1832, resigned, sailed for Europe,In Europe,Thomas Carlyle,William Wordsworth,Samuel Taylor Coleridge,European Romanticism,Lecturer,Nov. 1833, back, career as a

3、lecturer Transcendentalists Club Transcendentalist journal The Dial,Second Marriage,1835, married Lydia Jackson 1836, Nature,Emerson and Lydia with children and grandchildren,Late Life & Death,1860s , upset, Civil War 1872, lost memory, aphasia （失语症） April 27th, 1882, died,Nature,The Manifesto of Am

4、erican Transcendentalism,The Bible of New England Transcendentalism,Works,The American Scholar “Declaration of Intellectual Independence” A declaration of cultural independence for the US,Works,Self-Reliance” An essay that urges readers to trust their own intuition and common sense rather than autom

5、atically following popular opinion and conforming to the will of the majority,Works,Ideas,Oversoul” the soul can completely transcend the limits of individuality and become part of the Oversoul spirit is everywhere: in the soul of man, in nature “the universe is composed of Nature and the Soul,Ideas

6、,Individualism not the crowd is the most important all, but the infinitude of man “Trust thyself” “Make thyself,Ideas,Nature is emblematic of God “nature is the vehicle of thought” “nature is the symbol of spirit,Weakness,never systematic philosophy denial the reality of evil denial of its real spir

7、itual origin,Influence,Thoreau, Whitman, Dickinson-indebted Hawthorne and Melville -against his optimism, benefited from his ideas His call for an independent culture played a very important part in the intellectual history of the nation,Our long apprenticeship to the learning of other lands draws to a close. The millions that around us are rushing into life cannot always be fed on the sere remains of foreign harvests,The Father of American Civilization,Abraham Lincoln,Happiness is a per