名词性从句82711

1、A,1,名词性从句,A,2,概念,名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的,主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词,性从句可以分为,_,_,_,和,_,同位语从句,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,A,3,名词性从句的连接词,引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类,1,连词,that,无任何词意,whether, if,均表,示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性,as if ,as though,均表示“好像”，“似乎”,这些词在从句中均不充当任何成分,2,连接代词,what, whatever, who, whoever,whom, whose,which,whichever, whomever,在句中可作主语

2、、宾语、表语、定语,3,连接副词,when, where, how,why ,wherever, whenever,在句中做状语,A,4,不可省略的连词,1,介词后的连词,2,引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不,可省略。如,1,That she was chosen made us very,happy,2,We heard the news that our team,had won,A,5,主语从句,作句子主语的从句叫主语从句,主语从句通常由从属连词,that,whether,和连接代,词,what,who,which,whatever,whoever,whichever,以及连接副词,ho

3、w,when,where,why,等词引导,that,在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连,接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作,用，在从句中充当从句的成分。例如,What he wants to tell us is not clear,他要,跟我们说什么，还不清楚,A,6,主语从句,_ he is a famous singer is known to us,_ happened that night will be never,known,_ he will go to America is not decided,_ comes first will be given a

4、prize,_ the meeting will be put off is still,unknown,That,What,When,Whoever,Whether,A,7,注意,1,有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语,it,代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从,句置于句末,例如,Whether you will come or not doesnt,matter so much,可改为,_,It doesnt matter so much whether,you will come or not,A,8,2,主语从句可用,it,做形式主语，常用句型有,It+be+adj. (obv

5、ious, natural, surprising,wonderful, possible, likely, certain,等,that,从句,It is certain that she will do well in the exam,It+be,名词词组,no wonder, an honor, a,good thing, a pity, no surprise,等,that,从句,Its no surprise that our team has won the,game,A,9,It+be,过去分词,said, reported, thought,expected, announc

6、ed,等,that,从句,Its said that Mr. Green has arrived at Beijing,It doesnt matter (makes no difference,等,连词或副词引导的句子,It doesnt matter whether he comes or not,It,makes,no,difference,whether,you,can,come,or,not,你能不能来没关系,A,10,注意,主语从句,that,不能省略,If,不能引导主语从句,A,11,使用虚拟语气的主语从句,1,在,It is suggested, ordered, reques

7、ted, insisted,etc. + that,从句中，谓语部分用,should,动词原形,should,常被省略,It is suggested,that we (should) do the experiment a,second time,2,在,It is important, natural, necessary, etc. + that,从,句中，谓语部分常用,should,动词原形,should,常被省略,It is important and necessary,that we (should) keep,the balance of nature,3,在,It is fu

8、nny, strange, surprising, a pity, a shame,no wonder, etc. + that,从句中，有时谓语部分用,should,动词原形，来表达说话者的感情色彩，此时,should,也可省略,It is a pity,that you (should) miss such a good,chance,A,12,表语从句,在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句,引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词,大致一样。表语从句有时用,as if/ as though,引导,because,也可以引导表语从句。如,Thats just what I want,It loo

9、ks as if it is going to rain,当主语是,reason,时，表语从句要用,that,引导而不,是,because,如,The reason why,he was late,was that,he,missed the train by one minute this morning,A,13,It is,_,they need more hands at present,The reason is,_,they need more hands at,present,My decision is,_,I will go abroad,The problem is,_,t

10、hey can find a proper,person to replace him,This is,_,our problem lies,It looks,_,it is going to rain,如果句子主语是,suggestion, advice, order,表语从句使,用,should,动词原形,because,that,that,whether,where,as if,My suggestion is that you should set out at once,A,14,宾语从句,在句子中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句,引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句和表语从,句的关联词大致一

11、样,但是,if,也可引导宾语从句,在句中可以作谓语动词或介词的宾语,A,15,注意,1,由连接词,that,引导的宾语从句,由连接词,that,引导宾语从句时,that,在句,中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文,体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二,个分句前的,that,不可省,例如,I know,that,he has just graduated,from college and,that,he is looking for,a job,A,16,2,如果动词宾语后又有补语那么要用,it,作形式宾语,然后把宾语从句放到补语之后。例,He has made,it,clear that h

12、e will not give in,3. I ( dont ) think/ believe/ suppose/ expect,imagine,后接宾语从句时，反义疑问句要与从句,中的主语和谓语保持一致。如,I dont think he,is right, is he,4. do you think/ believe/ suppose/ expect,imagine,后接特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句，疑问,词要放在句首。如,What do you think is going on outside,A,17,5,whether,与,if,都可以引导宾语从句，但要特别注,意下面的几种情况,1,宾

13、语从句是否定句时，只用,if,不用,whether,如,I wonder if it doesnt rain,2,用,if,会引起误解，就要用,whether,如,Please let me know whether you want to go,此句如果把,whether,改成,if,容易当成条件,句理解,3,宾语从句中的,whether,与,or not,直接连用,就不能换成,if,不直接连用，可换,如,I dont,know whether or not the report is true. I dont,know whether/ if the report is true or n

14、ot,4,介词后的宾语从句要用,whether,引导,5,whether,可与不定式连用,It depends on whether,the weather is suitable for us to do it,He asked me whether,to go with him,A,18,6,引导宾语从句，从句置于句首表示强调时，只用,whether,eg,Whether this is true,or not,I cant tell,7,在,discuss,后面只能跟,whether,引导的宾语从句,Eg: We discussed whether we should close the

15、 shop,引导,主语从句,时，从句位于句首用,whether,不用,if,Eg: Whether she likes the present,is not clear to me,她是,否喜欢那件礼物我不清楚,引导,表语从句,时，用,whether,不用,if,例如,His first question was whether Holmes had arrived yet,它,的第一个问题是福尔摩斯是否已经到了,A,19,6,在,demand,order,suggest,insist, desire,request, command,等表示要求、命令、建议、决,定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用

16、,should,动词原形,。例如,I insist that she (should) do her work alone,7,动词,doubt,如果用于肯定句，其后的宾语从句常用,if/whether,引导，如果用于否定句或疑问句，宾语从,句则用,that,引导。如,I doubt if/whether,our football team will win the,match,I dont doubt that,I can defeat him in the contest,A,20,同位语从句,同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容,可用于同位语从句的名词有,advice,demand,do

17、ubt,fact,hope,idea,information,message,news,order,problem,promise,question,request,suggestion,truth,wish,word,等。如,1,The news,that,we won the game is exciting,引导同位语从句的词通常有连词,that,whether,连接代词,what,who,连接副词,how, when, where,等。（注,if,不,能引导同位语从句。,I have no idea,when,he will come back home,He must answer

18、the question,whether,he agrees with it,or not,他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题,A,21,名词性从句的重难点,1,引导词,what,和,that,的区别,what,引导名词性从句且在从句中作成分,主语，宾语，表语等），相当于,all,that/ everything that,常译为,的,东西，事情等,that,只起连接作用，本身无实际意义且在,从句中不充当任何成分,如,What he did was for you,I hope that everything is all right,A,22,2,引导词,who,和,whoever,的区别,W

19、hoever,意为“无论谁”，相当于,anyone,who,或,those who,它既是从句的主语，又,是主句的主语,Who,意为“谁”，它只作从句的主语,who,引导的从句才是主句的主语,如,Whoever is the first to come will get,a gift,Who will get the gift is not important,A,23,3,引导词,what,和,whatever,的区别,两者意思差不多，只是,whatever,的语气更强,有,任何一切,的意思,如,Parents shouldnt give the children,whatever they

20、 want,Thats what I want,4. that,引导的主语从句位于句首时,that,不,能省略,如,That he will win the match is certain,A,24,5. What,引导主语从句时，如果表示复数概念,谓语动词用复数,如果表示单数概念，谓,语动词用单数,如,What we need are some books,What we need is water,6,名词性从句应用陈述语序,如,She is thinking of how she can help,us,A,25,7. Thats why,后加结果,Thats because,后加原因

21、,如,He is late. Thats because he got up,late this morning,He got up late this morning. Thats,why he is late today,A,26,8,同位语从句和定语从句的区别,同位语从句是对前面名词进行补充说明或解,释，从句一般是完整的句子，引导词只起,引导作用，不做句子成分,定语从句是对其前的名词加以限制和修饰,从句本身不够完整,引导词在句中作主语,宾语、表语等成分,如,The fact that she has not known the,result of the exam is clear,Th

22、e fact,which/that,不填,she told me,yesterday is very important,A,27,巩固练习,一、判断下列各句是什么从句,1. China is no longer what it used to be,2. The truth that the earth turns around the,sun is known to all,3. It was snowing when he arrived at the,station,4. How he persuaded the manager to change,the plan is intere

23、sting to us all,5. The news that they had won the game,soon spread over the whole school,6. The news that you told me yesterday was,really disappointing,7. That is where Lu Xun used to live,A,28,二、用适当的连词填空,1. I cant decide _ dictionary I,should buy,2. Thats _ he refused my invitation,3. I am very in

24、terested in _ he has,improved his pronunciation in such a short,time,4. _ we need is more time,5. The fact _ she had not said,anything at the meeting surprised everybody,6. _ and _ they will,meet has not been decided yet,7. Please tell me _ you are waiting,for,8. Is that _ you are looking for,how,Wh

25、ere,that,What,whom/who,what,why,which,when,A,29,三单项选择,1. _that they found an unusual plant in,the forest,A. It is said B. They are said C. It said D. It,says,2. _ caused the accident is still a complete,mystery,A. That B. What C. How D. Where,3. It worried Mary a lot _ she would pass,the college ent

26、rance examination,A. whether B. if C. that D. how,4. Shanghai has taken on a new look. It isnt,like _ it used to be,A .that B. how C. what D. which,A,B,A,C,A,30,5. _ is no possibility _ Bob will win the first,prize in the match,A,There, that B. It, that C. There, whether D. It, whether,6. Little Tom

27、my was reluctant to tell the schoolmaster,_ he had done the day before,A .that B. how C .what D. where,7. The old man smiled when he saw how pretty _ up,to be during the past few years,A. had his daughter grown B. would his daughter grow,C. his daughter would grow D. his daughter had grown,8. Have you seen Mary lately? My boss wants to know,_,A. how she is getting along B. how is she getting along,C. what she is getting along D. what is she getting al