介词、连词、动词

1、介词七、介词（一）表示时间的介词（1）at 接具体时间：eg.at six,at half past two,at ten to twelve 表示 在 时刻 ”；eg : at noon,at midnight（2）in表示在（某段时间段）之间”；eg.in January,in a month,in spring,in 2005在将来时中，表示在某段时间之后”eg.ln ten yearsthink I ble a reporter.（3）on表示在具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午或晚上等。eg. On Mon day, On Tuesday after noon,On May4th, O

2、n the morni ng of July 6th（二）固定搭配的介词（1） 动词 + 介词：look after,look at,look for,laugh at,listen to,hear from,turn On,turnoff, wait for,worry about,think of,spend On（2） 介词十名词： by train,on foot,at the end of ,at last,in the end,in trouble,at table,at breakfast,in hospital,in time,On time, On one way to,wi

3、th pleasure(3) be+ 形容词 + 介词：be afraid of ,be good at,be good / bad for, be late for,be int erested in,be angry, with,be full of,be sorry for连词八、连词（conj.用来连接词与词或句与句（1 ）并列连词（用来连接平行的词、词组或分句）表并列关系：not only but also ,n either-nor,and表选择关系：or,eitheror表转折关系：but,while表因果关系：for,so（2 ）从属连词（用来引导从句）as 弓丨导时间状语从句

4、：after,before,whe n, while,as, un til,till,s in ce,assoon 引导原因状语从句：because,as,si nee 引导目的状语从句：so that,in order that 引导结果状语从句：so that,sothat,such that 引导比较状语从句：than,asas 引导宾语从句：that,if, whether动词九、动词（verb.）动词表示主语的动作或状态（一）动词的种类。(1 )及物动词vt,其后接宾语。eg.She wears a uniform.（2）不及物动词vi,不接宾语。eg : She can dance

5、.（3 ）连系动词like-v.接表语。eg.They are nurses.That sounds interesting.His mother looks young.If you keep milk for too long, it goes bad.（4） 助动词aux V.接动词原形或分词（它无实在意思，只起语法作用）。eg, DO you like pan das ？He has gone to Australia.She is looking at the cat.（5） 情态动词mod-v.接动词原形（它不能单独作谓语，有自己的意思，无人称和数的变化）Eg. He must g

6、o now.You should clean the classroom after class.（6） 有些动词既可作及物动词，也可作助动词或不及物动词，be也可作助动词。eg.I do my homework after class. （ Vt.）Do as you like. （ Vi.）She is a little bit quiet. (mod-v.)She is swimming now. (aux-v.)(二)情态动词的用法1ca n,could,may 的用法l .can / could(1) 表示具有某种能力，意为能、能够、会” (could表过去)。eg.I can si

7、ng English songs.Lisa can speak Japanese.She could swim when she was four years old.(2) 表示许：可、允许，意为可以”。eg.Can we watch TV now ？You can ptlay computer games in the morning.(3) 表示请求某人做某事，意为能,能够”(用could使晤气更委婉)。eg.Can /Could you help me,please ？等)(4) 表示推测 可能”，多用于否定句和疑问句中。(表肯定推测可用must,might,couldcg.it ca

8、n be true.这不可能是真的。Where can he have gone ?他可能会去哪儿呢?2.may / might(1 )表示许可、允许，意为可以”，比can更正式。eg. May l use your pen ?我可以用你的钢笔吗?May l ask you a question ?我可以问你一个问题吗？(2 )表示推测 可能”用于肯定句和否定句，不能用于疑问句。eg.He may be at home now.他可能现在在家。She may not be there today.今天她可能不在那儿。2can 与 be able to 的区别1. 两者都可以用来表示能力。eg.

9、I can /am able to mend the bike.2. can只有现在时(Can)和过去时(could )，而be able to可用于多种时态。eg. I will be able to come back in ano ther few mon ths.He hasn bleen able to get there before dark.3. can可以表示推测，但 be able to不能。eg.That Can be Gina dicti on ary.4. can与be able to;不能重复使用eg.他能做好这件事。He can be able to do is

10、well. (X)He can do it well. (V)He is able to do it well. (V)(三)must与have to的区别1.主客观方面不同。must表义务或强制”表示主观的必要；在肯定句中must还可表推测，语气要比may肯定多。have to表必须或不得不”表示客观的必要。eg.We must clean the room.（表示我们认为房间太脏了。）We have to clean the room.（表示没有人替我们打扫房间等客观原因。）He must beat home before supper.（他晚饭前一定在家。）2. 人称和时态不同。must

11、无人称和时态的变化，一律用 must十动词原形。have to后接动词原形，有人称、数 和时态的变化，一般现在时的第三人称单数要用 has to,过去时中要用had to,将来时中要用 will have to.另外，have to还可与,情态动词和助动词连用。eg: Tom must practice his guitar every day.The train has left.We have to wait for the next train.3. 否定式及意义不同。must not=mustn决不可/千万不可/务必不要” don /doesnt /didn /ton t+haveto不必”eg.We mustn te ll jokes on him.我们千万不可与他开玩笑。We don have to tell jokes on him.我们不必和他开玩笑。在对 May I？ 作否定回答时用 No, you mustn /can t.eg. May l go to the movies ? NO,You mustn t4. 疑问式及回答不同。Must+主语+动词原形+？ Yes,主语+ mus