专升本写作句型练习ppt课件

1、第一章 句式优化,不同的思想内容当然应该用不同的句式来表达而同一思想内容也可以用不同句式来表达句式不同，表达的效果就不同一篇文章中如果反复使用同一句式，就会显得单调乏味，毫无生气，写作时一定要注意句式的变换，避免单一重复,1.长句和短句变换,长句使文章富有气势，却容易产生语法错误或造成理解障碍；短句不容易出错，但是短句的堆砌容易让人感觉语言技巧不成熟，不老练在实际写作中，一味地采用长句或短句都是不可取的，要注意长短句的交错使用 通常简单而又实用的长短句交错方法是：以简单句为基础，配以适当的并列句和复合句简单句可长可短，一般要加些附属成分，如分词短语，不定式短语，介词短语，副词短语等,第一章 句

2、式优化,1. 短句变长句,原文 Lies do harm to those who are being told lies. Lies also do harm to those who tell them,优化 Lies not only do harm to those who are being told lies, but also do harm to those who tell them,受汉语思维习惯影响，很多考生往往会直接将脑子里的意思议程英语，而忽略句与句之间的联系，导致写出来的句子无法体现英语作为“形合语言”的特点因此，在平时写作时，考生要注意前后句之间的联系，用恰当的连

3、接词将简单句连接起来，组成准确地道的复杂长句增加文章的气势,一长句和短句变换,1. 短句变长句,原文 Teenagers are pressured by school work. They are also encouraged by their peers. Under such circumstances, they resort to smoking. But sometimes they feel a little guilty,优化 Pressured by school work. and encouraged by their peers, teenagers often re

4、sort to smoking, though they feel a little guilty sometimes,原文 Usually, a fact is defined as a truth. The truth can be tested by observation or experimentation,优化 Usually, a fact is defined as a truth, something that can be tested by observation or experimentation,1. 短句变长句,4原文 When I turned right on

5、 the corner, a motorbike knocked into a small car. The motorbike was red. There were two persons on the motorbikes. The car was yellow. The motorbike fell down. The two persons on the motorbike were slightly injured. The driver came out of the car at once, and asked about the two persons injuries. A

6、s soon as I saw that, I made a telephone call to 110. the traffic police arrived in a short time,4优化 When I turned right on the corner, a red motorbike with two persons knocked into a small yellow car. Immediately, the motorbike fell down, and the two persons on the motorbike were slightly injured.

7、At that time, the driver came out of the car, and asked about the two persons injuries. Seeing this, I dialed 110. in a short time, the traffic police arrived,第一章 句式优化,一长句和短句变换,2.长句变短句,原文 His father, who is a salesman, became a millionaire overnight,优化 His father, a salesman, became a millionaire ov

8、ernight,长句固然能表达出复杂而缜密的思想，但如果片面最求复杂句式，反而会显得华而不实，累赘 写作中句子的长短应根据表达的需要而定，有话则长，无话则短短句不仅指句子长度较短，也指句子内部结构精练，简洁是写作的一个重要原则，用词累赘则是写作的忌,2.长句变短句,原文 He didnt have enough experience, which is the reason why he didnt do the work well,优化 He didnt do the work well for lack of experience,原文 Perhaps they basically dis

9、trusted our capacity to judge correctly,优化 They distrusted our judgment,1. 短句变长句,4原文 A basic reason for divorce is that some people are not really ready for marriage, perhaps because they are still establishing themselves in their careers and havent had enough time to get to know themselves and many

10、 members of the opposite sex, but family pressures make them feel that something is wrong with them since they are not married, and so they marry in haste without knowing each other well,4优化 A basic reason for divorce is that some people are not really ready for marriage. As they are still establish

11、ing themselves in their careers, they havent had enough time to get to know themselves and many members of the opposite sex. However, family pressures make them feel that something is wrong with them since they are not married. So they marry in haste without knowing each other well,第一章 句式优化,与汉语相比，英语

12、更注重动作本身，而不是动作的执行者，因此在英语中被动语态的使用相对多一些，但这并不表明要以为地追求被动语态的使用事实上，什么时候用主动，什么时候用被动，主要是由陈述对象而定英语写作特别强调陈述对象的一致性，因此在选择主动和被动时一定要慎重,1.主动变被动,原文 We should pay more attention to the elderly who had devoted their youth and energy to our country,优化 More attention should be paid to the elderly who had devoted their y

13、outh and energy to our country,二主动句和被动句变换,2.长句变短句,原文 When the prime minister arrived at the airport, hundreds of reporters surrounded him immediately,优化 When the prime minister arrived at the airport, he was immediately surrounded by hundreds of reporters,原文 The employees elected Mr. li chairman of

14、the committee last week,优化 Mr. li was elected chairman of the committee by the employees last week,第一章 句式优化,原文 Not how much you read but what you read really matters,优化 It is not how much you read but what you read that really matters,三强调句和倒装句变换,2原文 By making good use of internet we can make a diffe

15、rence in our life,2优化 Only by making good use of internet can we make a difference in our life,适当运用强调句和倒装句可以起到突出，强调的作用，达到较强的修饰效果，给读者留下深刻印象,1. 短句变长句,3原文 We have grown so old because the birthrate fell earlier in western and northern Europe than elsewhere, rather than because of any change in the deat

16、h rate,3优化 It is because the birthrate fell earlier in western and northern Europe than elsewhere, rather than because of any change in the death rate, that we have grown so old,第一章 句式优化,原文 When I look into the future, I will try my best to serve my fellow students if I am lucky to be president of t

17、he student union,优化 Looking into the future, I will try my best to serve my fellow students if I am lucky to be president of the student union,四非谓语句和从句变换,非谓语动词包括不定式动名词现在分词和过去分词使用非谓语动词可以在有限的空间内表达更多的信息，使句子结构紧凑，逻辑严密,1. 短句变长句,2原文 The law can punish those who produce or sell fake commodities,2优化 The law

18、can punish those producing or selling fake commodities,3原文 Because one of my parents is laid off, my family wont possibly afford all my expenses at college,3优化 With one of my parents being laid off, my family wont possibly afford all my expenses at college,第一章 句式优化,原文 Some students dont like having

19、roommates. Because every person has his or her own way, they think several people living together causes some unpleasantness. We have the chance to adjust the subtle relationship,优化 Some students dont like having roommates. they think several people living together causes some unpleasantness because

20、 every person has his or her own way. We have the chance to adjust the subtle relationship,五松散句和掉尾变换,松散句主要用来陈述观点和罗列事实，因此文中绝大多数句子都是松散句，正是由于这个缘故，偶尔使用掉尾句会起到突出的效果，但如果频繁的使用掉尾句，则会使文章的意思表达不够直接名了，给读者做作的感觉,1. 短句变长句,2原文 A new pattern of urban living has emerged in most big cities, as many of urban dwellers ha

21、ve moved to the suburban rings in search of cleaner air, greater privacy and a higher quality of life,2优化 As many of urban dwellers have moved to the suburban rings in search of cleaner air, greater privacy and a higher quality of life, a new pattern of urban living has emerged in most big cities,第一

22、章 句式优化,just as, so (正如，也一样) e.g. just as food is necessary to life, so are books to our spirit,六比较句变换,表示相似性,2）share / have in common (在方面有共同点) e.g. china and the u.s. have some interests in common in foreign trade area.,3）bear similarities/ resemblances to (和具有相似之处) e.g. lots of ancient construction

23、s bear striking resemblance to that in other parts of the world, which discloses the similarity in human civilization,第一章 句式优化,六比较句变换,5）vice versa/ the verse is true (反之亦然) e.g. if you are friendly to others, they will hold hospitable attitude towards you and vice versa,6）no less () than / no more (

24、) than (不比多强) e.g. the father is an ambitious man, the sons ambition is no less than the father,4）the same is true of / with (也是如此) e.g. people who are financially dependent will be bullied by the rich ones. And the same is true with countries,7）as as (和一样) e.g. some of the doctors are paid almost t

25、wice as much as the nurses,第一章 句式优化,the opposite of (与恰恰相反) e.g. he hopes that his wife can give birth to a male inheritor to such a large fortune; whereas his wifes wish is just the opposite of his,六比较句变换,2表示差异性,2）it is just the other way round, (，相反，) e.g. he is not your friend. It is just the oth

26、er way round. He is your rival,第一章 句式优化,六比较句变换,4）less () than (比少差） more () than (比多强) e.g. more and more people are buying new cars than ever before,3） different / differ from in that (和的不同之处在于) e.g. his character is different from his brother in that he is introvert,2表示差异性,第一章 句式优化,表转折 but, howeve

27、r, nevertheless, instead, on the other hand,七松散到紧凑变换,如果遗篇文章只具有意义上的连贯，而形式上比较松散，就很难突出主题，较好的表达作者的意图为了能使文章主题明确，线索明了，而句式富有变化，句与句之间，段与段之间需要一定的连接手段，写作中常用的连接手段有,2）表让步 although, though, despite, even so, even if /though, regardless of, in spite of,使用过度性词语,第一章 句式优化,六比较句变换,4）表举例或列举 For example, for instance, a

28、s an illustration, such as,3）表层进 first, to begin with, furthermore, besides, moreover, in addition, whats more, also and then, and equally important, last but not the least,表总结 in summary, in a word, in brief, in conclusion, to conclude, in short, on the whole,第一章 句式优化,六比较句变换,表比较和对比 While, whereas,

29、likewise, similarly, equally, in comparison with, compared with, on the contrary, in the contrast, by contrast,表强调 Indeed, of course, in particular, above all, most important, in fact,第一章 句式优化,六比较句变换,例：Walters goal in life was to become a successful surgeon. First, though, he had to get through high

30、 school, so he concentrated all his efforts on his studies in particular, biology, chemistry, and math. Because he worked constantly on these subjects. Walter become proficient in them; however, Walter forget that he needed to master other subjects besides those he had chosen. As a result, during his junior year of high school, Walter failed both English and Latin. Consequently, he had to repeat these subjects and he was almost unable to graduate on sc