中考英语 第一轮 课本知识聚焦 第11讲 八下 Units 3-41

1、第11讲八年级(下)Units 34,山西专用,1cloud(n.) (adj.)多云的 2fold(v.) (反义词)(使)展开；打开 3sweep(v.) (过去式/过去分词)扫；打扫 4throw(v.) (过去式) (过去分词)扔；掷 5lend(v.) (过去式/过去分词)供给；借出 (反义词)借；借用 6develop(v.) (n.)发展；发育；成长 (adj.)发展中的 (adj.)发达的 7drop(v.) (过去式/过去分词)落下；掉下 8communicate(v.)_ (n.)交流；沟通 9argue(v.) (n.)争论；争吵,cloudy,unfold,swept,

2、threw,thrown,lent,borrow,development,developing,developed,dropped,communication,argument,10explain(v.) (过去式/过去分词)解释；说明 (n.)解释；说明 11compare (n.)比较；对照 12fair(adj.) (n.)公正性；公平性 (反义词)不公平的；不公正的 13ill(adj.) (n.)疾病；病 14proper(adj.) (adv.)正确地；适当地 15clear(adj.) (adv.)清楚地；清晰地；明白地 16typical(adj.) (adv.)典型地 17u

3、sual(adj.) (反义词)不寻常的；与众不同的 (adv.)通常地；一般地 18two(num.) (adv.)第二；其次,explained,explanation,comparison,fairness,unfair,illness,properly,clearly,typically,unusual,usually,second,1倒垃圾_ 2频繁，反复_ 3一就，尽快_ 4目的是，为了_ 5依靠，依赖_ 6照顾，处理_ 7快速查看，浏览_ 8重要的事_,take out the rubbish,again and again,as soon as,in order to,depe

4、nd on,take care of,look through,big deal,9成功地发展，解决_ 10和睦相处，关系良好_ 11删除，删去_ 12比较，对比_ 13依看_ 14吃惊地，惊讶地_ 15过来，顺便拜访_,work out,get on with,cut out,compare.with,in ones opinion,in surprise,come over,1_sweep the floor？“你能扫一下地板吗？” Yes，_.“好的，当然可以。” 2They should spend their time on schoolwork _get good grades a

5、nd _ a good university.他们应该将时间花在学业上，为的是取得好成绩并考上好大学。 3Also，when they get older，they will have to do housework，so _for them _now.而且，当他们长大后，他们将必须做家务，所以他们现在没必要做家务。 4I think _is not so difficult.I _them.我认为做家务并不是很难，我并不介意做家务。 5I found my sister _my things yesterday.昨天我发现我妹妹在翻阅我的东西,Could you please,sure,in

6、 order to,get into,there is no need,to do it,doing chores,dont mind doing,looking through,6Instead he watches _until late at night.相反，他想看什么就看什么，一直看到深夜。 7_kids learn to be independent，_it is for their future.孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越好。 8_these feelings with your family？你为何不与你的家人谈谈这些感受呢？ 9People _their kids

7、so hard.人们不该把自己的孩子逼得太紧。 10They are always _them _other children.他们总是把他们(自己的孩子)和其他孩子做比较,whatever he wants,The earlier,the better,Why dont you talk about,shouldnt push,comparing,with,11Im still _ her.我还是生她的气。 12Although shes wrong，its not a _尽管她错了，但这并不是什么大不了的事。 13Hope things _希望事情会好起来。 14Maybe I could

8、 _a few of their activities，but I believe these activities are important for my childrens future.或许我可以舍弃(放弃)他们的几个活动，但是我相信这些活动对我孩子们的未来是重要的。 15Doctors say _ pressure isnt _a childs development.医生们说太多的压力不利于一个孩子的发展,angry with,big deal,work out,cut out,too much,good for,提出礼貌的请求和请求允许(Make polite requests

9、and ask for permission) 1Peter，could you please take out the rubbish? Sure/Certainly/Of course/Yes，Mom. 2Could I use your computer? Sorry./Sorry，you cant.Im going to work on it now. 谈论问题(talk about problems) You look tired.Whats the matter/Whats wrong? I studied until midnight so I didnt get enough

10、sleep,给出建议(Give advice) 1What should I do? Why dont you forget about it? Although shes wrong，its not a big deal. 2What should he do? He should talk to his friend so that he can say hes sorry. 3Maybe you could go to his house. I guess I could，but I dont want to surprise him,1could表礼貌请求和允许(见本书P187) 2连

11、词(until，so that和although)(见本书P177,1You look unhappy，John. _? Well，I found my mother looking through my mobile phone yesterday.(2015，山西29题) AYou want to restBWhats wrong CHow do you do 2_? Sorry.There is no one named Gary.You must have the wrong number.(2014，山西28题) ACan I help you BWhats the matter C

12、Is that Gary speaking,B,C,3A student in Fudan University was killed by his roommate just because of small things in daily life.It is important for students to learn how to _each other.(2013，山西18题) Aget on with Bcome over to Cstay away from 4Nobody believes a 90yearold could run a marathon _she passe

13、d the finishing line.People of all ages can challenge themselves.(2012，山西22题) AifBsinceCuntil,A,C,compare 【典例在线】 If you compare the two books，you will find that this one is better.如果你比较一下这两本书，就会发现这一本更好。 Compare your answers with those，you will see if they are right.把你的答案与那些对照一下，你就会知道它们是否正确。 Shakespe

14、are compared the world to a stage.莎士比亚把世界比作一个舞台。 【拓展精析】 compare作及物动词，意为“比较”，compare.with.“把与作比较”，常用于同类比较。而compare.to.“把比作”，常用于异类比较、比喻,活学活用】 1)Teachers are often _burning candles. Acompared toBcompared with Ccompared from,A,in order to 【典例在线】 In order to get a complete picture，further information is

15、needed.为了掌握全面情况，还需要详细资料。 【拓展精析】 in order to意为“目的是；为了”，比单纯的to do更强调“目的”，可以放在句首，也可以放在句中。其否定形式为in order not to do。 【活学活用】 2)Many people give money to Project Hope _help the poor children to go to school. Aas soon asBso thatCin order to,C,while 【典例在线】 I was taking a bath while my mother was preparing di

16、nner.我妈妈准备晚餐的时候，我正在洗澡。 Tom was watching TV while (he was) eating.汤姆边吃东西边看电视。 【拓展精析】 while作从属连词，意为“当的时候；在期间”，引导时间状语从句，其谓语动词必须为延续性动词。它强调主句的动作在从句动作的过程中发生，或者主句的动作与从句的动作同时发生，且持续时间一般较长。当while所引导的从句与主句的主语相同，且该从句的动词为be动词时，从句的主语和be动词有时可以省略,活学活用】 3) _the children have fun，parents can take dancing lessons on t

17、he beach. AThoughBIfCWhileDOnce 4)Bob took a photo of his girlfriend while she B at the party.(2015，资阳) Adances Bwas dancing Chas danced Dis dancing,C,mind 【典例在线】 Do you mind if I open the window？如果我打开窗户，你会介意吗？ Would you mind parking your car there？你介意把车停到那边吗？ Not at all.不介意。 【拓展精析】 mind动词，意为“介意；在乎”

18、，后常接从句或动名词作宾语，不能接动词不定式。 Would you mind.？是交际用语中表示“请求”的常用句型，意为“你介意吗？”其肯定回答(即不介意对方做某事)常用：Not at all./Certainly not./Of course not.等。否定回答(即介意对方做某事)常用：Im sorry，but./Im afraid you cant./Yes，youd better not.等,活学活用】 5)Its too cold today.Would you mind _the window？(2015，安顺) Certainly not.Go ahead. Ato close

19、Bclosing Cclose 6)Would you mind working in the countryside? A .I will be glad to work there.(2015，重庆) AOf course not BIm afraid so CYoud better not,B,allow 【典例在线】 Who allowed you to leave the camp？谁允许你离开营地的？ They allowed smoking in this room only.他们只允许在这个房间里抽烟。 You are not allowed to smoke here.这里不

20、允许吸烟。 【拓展精析】 allow动词，意为“允许；准许”。 allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事 allow doing sth.允许做某事 be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事,活学活用】 7)My parents didnt allow me _ to the party.(2015，天津) Ago Bto goCgoesDwent 8)In our school，boys are not _(allow) to have long hair,B,allowed,as soon as 【典例在线】 The baby began to cry as so

21、on as she saw her mother.那个婴儿一看见她妈妈就开始哭。 Well go to play basketball as soon as the rain stops tomorrow.明天雨一停我们就出去打篮球。 【拓展精析】 as soon as意为“一就”，引导时间状语从句。在使用时，要注意主、从句时态一致。当主句是一般将来时或过去时时，从句应使用对应的一般现在时或过去时,活学活用】 9)Would you please give this newlypublished novel to Jack？(2015，泰安) Certainly， _he comes back

22、. Abefore Bas soon as Cuntil Dunless,B,For one week，she did not do any housework and neither did I有一个星期，她没做任何家务，我也没做。 【典例在线】 She doesnt like tea.Neither do I她不喜欢茶，我也不喜欢。 She cannot swim and neither can her sister.她不会游泳，她的妹妹也不会。 They will play soccer tomorrow.他们明天去踢足球。 So will we.我们也去。 She knows litt

23、le English.她英语懂得不多。 So she does.她的确如此,拓展精析】 neither作副词，意为“也不”。Neither did I是一个倒装句。“neither助动词/情态动词/系动词主语”，表示前面叙述的否定情况也适合另一个人或物。 “So助动词/情态动词/系动词主语”表示与上述的肯定情况相同。 “So主语助动词/情态动词/系动词”表示强调，即对前面所说的情况加以肯定。 【活学活用】 1)I think you are different now.(2016，攀枝花) Of course，times have changed and _ Aso have I Bso I

24、have Cneither have I Dneither I have,A,The earlier kids learn to be independent，the better it is for their future.孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越好。 【典例在线】 The more you eat，the fatter you will be.吃得越多，你就越胖。 Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.我们的国家正变得越来越美丽。 【拓展精析】 “the比较级，the比较级”意思是“越，就越”。 “比较级and比较级”

25、意思是“越来越,活学活用】 2)“Food Safety” problem is becoming _these days. I think so.The government must do something to deal with it.(2016，滨州) Asmaller and smaller Bworse and worse Cbetter and better Dnicer and nicer 3)Roy never likes junk food. Neither do IThats probably why Im becoming _now.(2016，达州) Ahealt

26、hy and weak Bhealthier and healthier Cweaker and weaker Dmore and more healthily,B,B,Why dont you talk to your parents？你为什么不和你的父母谈谈呢？ 【典例在线】 Why dont you buy a suit for your husband？你为什么不给你丈夫买一套西服呢？ Why not learn some Chinese pop songs？为什么不学一些中国的流行歌曲呢？ What/How about going for a walk？去散步怎么样,拓展精析】 Wh

27、y dont you do sth.？Why not do sth.？是提建议的一种表达方式。类似的表达方式还有： What/How about doing sth.? Shall we do sth.? Lets do sth. Youd better do sth. 其肯定答语为“Good idea！/OK./Wonderful！/Great！/Sounds good！”等；其否定答语为“Sorry，but.”等,活学活用】 4)Its so hot today. Why _go swimming? Sounds great! Anot Bdont Cdo you Dnot you 5)L

28、ook！Its raining heavily！ _ take a raincoat with you? Well，Ill take one right now.(2014，阜康) AWhy not BWhy dont CWould you mind DWould you like 6)Its a good chance to go to Shanghai. _ you give it up? Well，Ill catch it. AWhy dont BWhy not CWould you like DWould you mind,A,A,A,borrow，lend与keep 【典例在线】 I

29、 borrowed a book from Jack yesterday.昨天我从杰克那里借了一本书。 Jack lent me a book yesterday./Jack lent a book to me yesterday.昨天杰克借给我一本书。 How long can I keep the book？这本书我可以借用多长时间,拓展精析】 borrow指“借入”或“借他人的东西供自己使用”。固定短语borrow sth.from sb.意为“向某人借某物”。 lend指“(把自己的东西)借出”。固定短语lend sb.sth.或lend sth.to sb.意为“借给某人某物”。 keep意为“保存；保留”，可引申为“借用”，此时常与一段时间或how long等连用,活学活用】 1)Jim，can I _ your car? Sorry，I _ it to Steven just now. How long will he _it? Two days. 2)To buy house，he_much money from his