初中状语从句讲解及习题附问题详解

1、实用文档 （一）状语从句概述 定义 状语从句用作状语，是起副词作用的句子。 位置 状语从句可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后，时间、条件、原因和让步状语从句放在句首时需要用逗号和主句隔开。 分类 根据其作用可以分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、让步、方式和比较等状语从句。 作用 它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语和整个句子。 （二）状语从句详解 1. 时间状语从句 引导词 用法 示例 when 意为“当的时候”。When引导从句的谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是when瞬间动词。并且有时 表示“就在那时”A liar is not believed when he speaks the

2、 truth.说谎者讲真话时也没有人相信。 , Ill call he arrivesWhen you. When you laugh and smile, your body relaxes. while 意为“在的时候，在的同时”。While引导从句的谓语动词必须是延续性的，发生时间较长，并强调主句和从句的动作同时While（或者相对应）发生。While I was standing at the window, I saw several boys running along the street. While John was watching TV, his wife was coo

3、king. 实用文档 有时还可以表示对比。as As“一边一边”。意为引导的动作是延续性的，发生时间较短，一般用于同时发句动作主句和从也可以强调一前一生；as 后。The writer was angry as he to train a was travelling on London because someone had . ”spaceinvaded his “He smiled as he stood up. after 意为。表示主“在之后”句动作发生在从句动作之后。主句与从句的动作时间关系与before引导的 从句相反。With many hungry visitors too

4、stay waiting, dont you your table after long at have finished. is early exit If an leave can necessary, you after a scene is over. before 意为“在之前”。引导的式的谓句从不用否定形引导的语，并且当before从句位于主句之后，有时。当主句用译成“就，才”将来时，从句总是用现在before如果引导的从时；句谓语用的是过去时，则去完成用过多句主动词时，这样以便体现动作的 先后。t watch TV before You canyou finish your ho

5、mework. the Before it ended, theatre was almost empty. for father had left My the Canada before just letter arrived. till 一般情况下“直到”意为。可以和until互换。如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时，必须用否定形式；t even know that She didnit was an earthquake till she saw a shaking ( moving from side to side) light. 实用文档 如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，用肯定

6、和否定形式都可以，但表达 的意思不同。very fireman worked The out. was till hard the fire until 意为“直到”。在强调句型中多用until。如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时，必须用否定形式；如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，用肯定和否定形式都可以，但表达的 意思不同。sister. my m waiting for It go to see my uncle I wonuntil she comes. Wait until I finish what I am doing. since 意为“自从，从以来”。引导从句的谓语动词可以是延续

7、性的动词，也可以是瞬时动词。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用+It 现在完成时。但在is 从句的句型+since时间 主句多用一般现在时。中，I have been studying hard high entered the since I school. It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing. months years is five It since our boss was not in Beijing. as soon as “一就”意为。引导时间状语从句时，如果主句用了将来时，从句一般使 用现在时

8、。Tom will call me as soon as he gets home. I will call you as soon as I arrive. 2.地点状语从句 引导词 用法 示例where where“意为“哪里”。引导will, a there Where is 实用文档 ）（there+的地点状语从句，“哪里哪里就”。主句”主句在从句后面时，there可用可不用；主句在从句的一般都不用there. 前面时，there is a way. They were good persons. there went, Where they warmly were they welc

9、omed. You should have put the book where you found it. wherever 地”。“无论何意为引导地anywhere/wherever主句。从点状语句+本身是个副词，但anywhere是常可以引导从句，相当于于连词，意思相当引导的wherever, anywhere从句可位于主句之前，也可而之后。于以位主句本身就是个连词，wherever 表示“在何处，无论何处”。 Wherever the sea is, you will find seaman. go. you go anywhere Ill 3.条件状语从句引导词 用法 示例if 。连

10、词，意为“假如，如果”当主句是将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时。 t talk loudly at the Donwill you If you do, meeting. have to leave. it picnic if go ll for a Weweekend. this t doesnrain unless 连词，意为“除非（=if ）not。当主句是将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在problems the Dont discuss unless partner your with you are asked to do so. 实用文档 时。you unless go there

11、I wont come with me. 原因状语从句4.引导词 用法 示例as 。意为“因为”引导原因状语从句时表示附带。说明“双方已知的原因”，语气弱，较为正式，比since位置较为灵活（常放于主 句之前）。As the weather is cold, I stay at home. d is raining, youit As better take a taxi. d are tired, youAs you better rest. since 意为“因为”。引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之前表示已知的、显然的理由（通常被翻译成“既然”），较为正式，语气比 because弱。Sin

12、ce the earth looks like on shine sun can a ball, the only half of it at a time. April, in race is Since the the run throughout to I had Boston, and in winter, winters are cold. here. everybody is Since Lets begin our meeting. because 引导的原因“因为”意为。状语从句一般放于主句之后，表述直接原因，语气较强，最适合why引导的疑问句。Because引导的原因状语从句

13、有时可以与 because of短语互换。winter woman The prefers because she can skate. stamps collect to d like Iare they because interesting. m very tired these days Istudying because of physics. is come He cant because he 实用文档 because t come = ill. He canof his illness. for 。引导的原因意为“因为”状语从句并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因，只提供一些辅助性的

14、补充说引导的原因状语明，for从句只能放于主句之后，并且必须用逗号将其与主 句隔开。He must be ill, for he is absent today. He could not have seen me, for I was not there. 5.目的状语从句引导词 用法 示例so that 意为“以至，以便”。目语的状语的谓常含有could, may, might, can, should, would等情态动 词。Try to speak loud enough so you can hear people that clearly. loudly speaks very

15、Mr. Green so that all the people can hear him clearly. in order that ，相当于意为“为了”so 后面that. in order to可以跟动词原形构成目的状语，不是目的状语从 句。the know you shall We let details soon in order that a make can/may you arrangements. 6.结果状语从句引导词 用法 示例that so 。意为“如此以至于”+that, so+ adj./adv.原级so has it year This rained China

16、 in heavily South 实用文档 so是副词，只能修饰形容还可与表示词和副词。so数量的形容词many, few, much, little(这四个形容形)连用,词表示多或少时或成固定搭配。so+ many 复数可数名词+that; few+不可数so+ much或little+名词+that. are problems lots of that caused. so was the lake The ice on thin that people couldnt skate on it. so spend often, we Too much time thinking abou

17、t to we fail the future that enjoy the present. few are so There t notebooks that I cangive you any. such.that 意为“如此以至于”。构：有三种结不单数such+a(an)+adj.+that; 名词可数词名不可数such(+adj.)+ adj.) such( +that; +that, such复数可数名词修饰名词或名词是形容词，thatso词组。有时可与 句型转换。wonderful such a Its song that we all like it. such dishone

18、st Simon is that person no one believes him. The boy is so young that to t cango school.= he He is such a young boy go he that cant to school. 让步状语从句7.引导词 用法 示例though 。不能和but意为“虽然”同可是但用连。以连yet(still)构，用成So it has lived up to now at it though strong isnt all. 实用文档 yet(still). though常用于非正较普遍，thougheve

19、n式的口语和书面语中。组合表示强调，though能和though=even even 这里在thoughif; if(no matter 可以though)。即使也常放在句末，独立用作副词，还是；意为all the same(可是；然或however(仍然) )。而twin are Though they t look brothers, they donlike each other. Even if/ Even though we could afford it, we would t go it, afford we wouldnabroad for our vacation. alth

20、ough 。不能和but意为“虽然”用。但是可以同连构成yet(still)连用，althoughyet(still). 语气比although 较为正式，重，常用以强调让步thougheven概念。 不能和组合。 althoughAlthough he died several still can ago, I years we days remember the spent together and what about taught has me he love. little we had Although food with us, we decided the night in t

21、o spend the car. 比较状语从句8. 引导词用法 示例as. as意为“和一样”。表示同级的比较。使用时要注意为副词，as第二个第一个as为连词。其基本结构为：。原级as+adj./adv.+as若at good is very She as can paint painting. She well as here teacher. as quickly as ran I out possible. 实用文档 twice, 有修饰成分，如a times, half, three 则须置于第一quarter等， as之前。个not as / soas 意为“和不一样，不如”。也表示

22、同级比较。 ) (as is not so She outgoing as her sister. not is This dictionary think. you as/so useful as 方式状语从句9.引导词 用法 示例as/(just)as.so 。引意为“犹如，就像”导的方式状语从句通常但在位于主句后，(just)as.so结构中从句位于句首，这时as带有比喻的含义，意为，多用“正如，就像” 于正式文体。When in Rome, do as the Romans do. As water is to fish, so air is to man. as if/ as tho

23、ugh 意为“就像，好像”。两引者的意义和用法相同，出的状语从句谓语多用表示与事实相虚拟语气，反，有时也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或常译实现的可能性较大。好像“仿佛似的，作 似的”。forget would never If here smile, or the way her eyes shone as if we were the same age. the if looks It as very up pick weather may soon. 实用文档 练习一 一. 单项填空 1. _ hes old, he can still carry this heavy bag. A.

24、Though B. Since C. For D. So 2. -Do you know if he _ to play basketball with us? -I think he will come if he _ free tomorrow. A. comes; is B. comes; will be C. will come; is D. will come; will be 3. In the zoo if a child _ into the water and cant swim, the dolphins may come up _ him. A. will fall; t

25、o help B. falls; to help C. will fall; help D. falls; helping 4. I dont remember _ he worked in that city when he was young. A. what B. which C. where D. who 5. We will stay at home if my aunt _ to visit us tomorrow. A. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming 6. The police asked the children _ cross

26、 the street _ the traffic lights turned green. A. not; before B. dont; when C. not to; until D. not; after 7. I was late for class yesterday _ there was something wrong with my bike. A. when B. that C. until D. because 8. Ill go swimming with you if I _ free tomorrow. A. will be B. shall be C. am D.

27、 was 9. In the exam, the _ you are, _ the _ mistakes you will make. A. careful; little B. more careful; fewest C. more careful; 实用文档 fewer D. more careful; less 10. You should finish your lessons _ you go out to play. A. before B. after C. when D. while 11. I hurried _ I wouldnt be late for class. A

28、. since B. so that C. as if D. unless 12. When you read the book, youd better make a mark _ you have any questions. A. which B. that C. where D. though 13. The teacher raised his voice _ all the students could hear him. A. for B. so that C. because D. in order 14. He took off his coat _ he felt hot.

29、 A. because B. as C. if D. since 15. It is _ that wed like to go out for a walk. A. a lovely day B. too lovely a day C. so lovely a day D. such lovely a day 16. Mary had _ much work to do that she stayed at her office all day. A. such B. so C. too D. very 17. _ I felt very tired, I tried to finish t

30、he work. A. Although B. Because C. As D. As if 18. _ the day went on, the weather got worse. A. With B. Since C. While D. As 19. _ well you can drive, you must drive carefully. A. So long as B. In order that C. No matter how D. The moment 20. Write to me as soon as you _ to Beijing. A. will get B. g

31、et C. getting D. got 二. 根据中文意思完成下列英语句子 实用文档 1. 不管他跟我开什么玩笑，我都不生气。 I am not angry with him, _ _ _ jokes he _ on me. 2. 布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切，以至于学生把她当做母亲。 Mrs Bruce was _ kind to her students _ they _ her _ their mother. 3. 只要我们竭尽全力，父母就会满意我们的表现。 Our parents will be pleased with our performance _ _ _ we try our

32、best. 4. 你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗？ Will you please call me _ _ _ you get to Shanghai. 5. 这个七岁的女孩酷爱钢琴，以至于他已经坚持练习两年了。 The seven-year-old girl likes playing the piano _ _ _ she has kept practicing for two years. 6. 虽然她很忙，他还坚持自学英语。 _ _ _ _, she kept on learning English by herself. 7. 他长大后相当一名记者。 He wants to be a

33、journalist _ _ _ _. 8. 无论刮风下雨，我们的老师总是第一个到校。 _ _ windy or rainy, our teacher is always the first to get to school. 9. 如果人人为保护环境做出贡献，世界将会变得更美好。 _ _ _ _ _ to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful. 10. 李明昨天没来上学，因为他病了。 Li Ming didnt come to school _ _ _ _. 练习二 1. The meeti

34、ng didnt start_ everyone was there. 实用文档 A. because B. until C. why D. if 2 .The boy _ to bed _ his mother came in. A. went not; until B. didnt go; after C. went; until D. didnt go; until 3. I wont believe you_ I have seen it with my own eyes. A. before B. until C. after D. when 4 .He _ home _ she w

35、as satisfied _ his answer yesterday. A. didnt go; until; with B. wasnt go; after; to C. doesnt go; before; with D. didnt go; until; to 5 .He _ back until the work _ done. A. isnt; will be B. isnt; is C. wont be; will be D. wont be; is 6 .They didnt start the work _ their teacher came back. A. until

36、B. while C. as soon as D. if 7. Tom will call me as soon as he _ Shanghai. A. arrives B. will reach C. arrives in D. get to 8. Im sure hell come to see me before he _ Beijing. A. will leave B. is leaving C. leave D. leaves 9. I will tell him the news as soon as he_ back. A. come B. comes C. will com

37、e D. came 10. Tom has got a watch. He _ it for two years. It _ by his father. A. has bought; was bought B. has got; is bought , C. was bought; has bought . D. has had; was bought 11. When he got to the station, the train _. A. left B. had left C. leaves D. has left 12. The boy told his father what h

38、e _ in the street. A. saw B. have seen C. had seen D. see 13.We _ TV when the telephone _. 实用文档 A. watched; was ringing B. were watching; rang C. watch; rings D. are watching; rang 14.By the end of last term, I_ ten books. A. had finished reading B. have finish reading C. had finish to read D. finis

39、h read 15. I _ you for a long time. Where _ you _? A. didnt see; did; go B. didnt see; have; goneC. havent seen; have; been D. havent seen; have; gone 16. Tom_ China for 3 years. A. has been B. has been in C. has been to D. has been at 17. I wont go to see the film tonight, because I _ my ticket. A.

40、 lost B. have lost C. will lose D. didnt lose 18.-Hello! May I speak to Bob? -Sorry, but he _ for a month. A. had been away B. was left C. left D. has been away 19. I _ him since I began to live in the city. A. know B. have known C. knew D. will know 20.Zhao Lan _ already _ in this school for two ye

41、ars. A. was; studying B. will; study C. has; studied D. are; studying 21.Betty didnt go to see the film yesterday _ she was ill. A. because B. but C. until D. if 22 May I sit nearer_I can see more clearly? A. as if B. so that C. even if D. so 23. _ you work hard, you will certainly succeed. A. Thoug

42、h B. If C. Because D. For 24. _ he came to study in the university, he has made much progress in the study of English. A. While B. When C. Since D. After 25. Id like to go swimming _ the water is not too cold. 实用文档 A. for B. unless C. if D. whether 26. There are _ many league members in class 2 _ in

43、 Class 4. A. both; and B. so; that C. either; or D. as; as 27. -Do you have a big library? -No, we dont. At least, not_yours. A. as big as B. as big than C. as bigger than D. bigger as 28. Suzhou is not _ beautiful _ Hangzhou. A. as; than B. so; as C. even; than D. /; than 29. Iron is more useful _

44、any other metal. A. as B. than C. then D. so 30. I want to know _ she is going to see a film. A. if B. that C. what D. which 31. You are sure to pass the exam _ you study hard. A. if B. thoughC. that D. since 32. Ill go to see the film with you_I have time this evening. A. whether B. so C. if D. when 33. _ you study harder, youll never pass the final exam. A. If B. Until C. Unless D. Except 34. Although it was raining, still worked in the fields. A. but they B