Unit5SectionⅢLearningaboutLanguage

1、Section Learning about Language核 心 要 点 探 究 ( 教 材 P45)Iwould ratherwork for a small business than a largecorporation.我宁愿 一家小企 工作而不是一家大的公司。【要点提 】 句中 would rather 意思是“宁愿、 宁可、更、最好、 是 好”，后接 原形，常省略 d rather，表示 先 的一种方式。其否定形式是 would rather not do sth。.would rather 没有人称和数的 化。Mr.Li would rather not listen to

2、rock music.李先生不愿意听 音 。If you d rather be alone，well all leave here.如果你宁愿独自待着，那我 都离开 儿。如果在两者中 行取舍，表示“宁愿而不愿，与其宁可”的意思 ， 可用would rather.than.或 would.rather than.的句型。使用 would rather.than.句型 要注意“平行 构”， 即在 than 的前后要用两个同 的 或 ，如两个名 、两个不定式、两个介 短 等。在疑 句式中， would rather 与 would rather.than.中的 would 要放在主 之前。 wou

3、ld rather从句，是一个常用的虚 气句型， 从句 用一般 去 来表示 在或将来。其意 “宁愿， 是 好些”“一个人宁愿另一个人做某事”。 引 从句的 that 常省略。在 到 去的 作 ， 用 去完成 。I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema.我宁可在家看 而不愿去看 影。Would you rather stay here or go home?你愿意待在 里， 是回家？Id rather you didnt go out alone.我想你 是不要一个人出 。第 1页用 的正确形式填空 Id rather(stay)

4、at home than(go)out for a walk.There is an important meeting tomorrow.Id rather he(come)【答案】 stay；gocameappoint vt.任命，委派； 定；指定(教材 P46)Committee members recently appointed me their chairman and haveasked me to tell you how much we all appreciate your donation委. 会最近任命我 主席，并 我代 达我 您慷慨捐 的感激之情。The compan

5、y decided toappoint a new treasurer.公司决定任命一位新 主管。We must appoint a day to meet again.我 要 定好下次会面的日期。appoint sb.as.任命某人 appoint sb.to do sth.委派某人做某事appointed adj.指定的； 定的；任命的appointment n. 定；任命； 会make/fix an appointment with sb.与某人 会If we come to terms， well appoint you as our agent.如果达成 ，我 将指定你 我方的代理。

6、Ive made an appointment withMr.Smith.我已与史密斯先生有 会。【 学号： 28422049】完成句子委 会指定六月的一天 行 祝。The committeea day in June for celebrations.他被任命 委 会主席。He wasChairman of the council.打 他的秘 定 。Phone his secretary and【答案】 appointed appointed as make an appointment第 2页raise vt.升起；举起；饲养；提出；引起；筹集(教材 P46)We have found i

7、t very difficultto raise the money we need to helpthem as many people are not concerned with their welfare我.们发现筹集我们需要的资金来帮助他们很困难，因为许多人不参与福利事业。Anyone who has questions pleaseraise your hand.任何有问题的人请举起手。I had asked everyone to raise questions in advance of the meeting.我要求大家在会议前提出问题。Can anybody think o

8、f a way to raise money?有人能想出筹款的办法吗？明辨异同 rise/raise是不及物动词，说明主语自身移向较高位置，常用于日、月、云、雾、rise烟、蒸汽、河水、温度、物价以及人的职位等，无被动语态。是及物动词，说明主语发出的动作是要作用于其他事物的，往往有使物raise体达到其应有的高度的含义。可用于被动语态。The moon hasrisen above the hills.月亮已经从山上升起。Heavy rain raised the river stage.暴雨使河水水位升高。完成句子我们正在筹资建一个新病房。We areto build a new ward.

9、目前我们没有提高税收的计划。We have no plans toat present.选词填空 (rise/raise) On Monday morning，we were watching the childrenthenational flag，and we saw itslowly in the wind.【答案】 raising moneyraise taxesraising；rising语 法 专 项 突 破 第 3页精要点拨 宾语补足语在英语中有些及物动词， 接了宾语意义仍不完整， 还需要有一个其他的句子成分，来补充说明宾语的意义、状态等，称为宾语补足语，简称宾补。宾语补足语有以

10、下几种。1由动词不定式充当。多数是带to 的不定式，也有不带to 的不定式。要求带 to 的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有 tell ，ask，invite ，force，get，beg，allow ，wish ，want， like ， prefer，intend，expect，encourage， advise， permit， order，warn，cause等。如：I would prefer you not to change your plan.我宁愿你不要改变计划。They encouraged me to try again.他们鼓励我再次尝试。【注意】某些动词如 think ，c

11、onsider，believe，know，find 等后面作宾语补足语的不定式常用to be adj.的结构。如：We believed him to be stupid.我们认为他很笨。He didnt consider himself (to be) important.他并不认为自己重要。某些动词如 make，have， let，see，hear， watch，notice， feel 等后作宾语补足语的不定式不带to。如：He made us stay for tea.他让我们留下来吃茶点。Let me introduce you to Miss Li.让我介绍你和李小姐认识。Did

12、you notice me leave/leaving the house?你注意到我离开了 (正在离开 )那房子吗？【注意】变为被动语态时，不定式符号to 必须保留。如：People who wont work should be made to work.必须要不愿工作的人工作。The middle- aged man was seen to enter the building.第 4页人们看见那中年男子走进大楼。2由 -ing 形式或过去分词充当。(1)当宾语补足语的动作由作宾语的名词或代词发出时，宾语补足语用-ing形式。如：He could hear his heart beati

13、ng fast.他可以听见自己的心脏跳得很快。Do you smell something burning?你闻到烧焦的气味了吗？(2)当宾语是宾语补足语发出的动作对象时，宾语补足语用过去分词形式。如：Youd better have the desk painted.你最好请人把课桌漆一下。Ive never heard the song sung.我从未听见那首歌被人唱过。3由名词充当。 某些动词如call，name，make，elect，think，find ，consider，appoint 后接名词或代词作其宾语，再接名词作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语的身份。如：He made her

14、secretary.他挑选她当秘书。Her parents died，leaving her an orphan.她父母双亡，使她成了孤儿。They considered Paris the brain and heart of the country.他们把巴黎看作国家的大脑和心脏。4由形容词充当。某些动词如make，paint，keep，find ，like ，want 等后接名词或代词作宾语，再接形容词作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语的状态、特征等。有的已构成固定词组。如：Do you like your tea weak or strong?你喜欢把茶泡浓一点还是淡一点？You must k

15、eep the classroom clean.你应保持教室清洁。使用宾语补足语时需注意以下几个问题：第 5页1个别动词后可能跟两个名词，但判断它们是双宾语还是复合宾语要看两个名词之间的关系。如果两个名词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，则是复合宾语，否则即是双宾语。2有些动词后可以跟多种形式(如动词不定式、现在分词、或过去分词等)作宾补，如： see，hear， feel，have， notice，watch， get 等，其宾补的形式要根据其与宾语的主动、被动关系来确定。3不定式作宾补有带 to 和不带 to 两种情况。这需要我们记住分别有哪些动词可以如此使用。另外要注意其被动语态。应用落实 .用

16、所给动词正确形式填空1When we saw the road(block)withsnow, we decided tospend the holiday at home.2Let those in need(understand)that we will go all out to help them.3I would rather you(stay) with us yesterday， but you left.4 Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues(amuse) with her story

17、.5They use computers to keep the traffic(run)smoothly.6Dont leave the water(run)while you brush your teeth.7My father forbade me(swim)in the river.8The policeman observed the young fellow(enter)the bank with ashotgun and he followed him in.9She has a high fever and you had better have her(examine)by thedoctor.10 To learn English well ， we should find opportunities to hear English (speak)as much as we can.【答案】 1.blocked 2.understand 3.had stayed 4.amused 5.running 6.running 7.to swim8.entering9.examined10.spoken.翻译句子1卫兵命令我们立即