八年级下册英语教案Unit3-SectionA-知识精讲

1、人教版八年级英语 Unit3 SectionA 重难点讲解1. Peter ,could you please take out the trash? 彼得，你能把垃圾倒了吗？【解析 1】 Could you please do sth ?请你（做） .好吗？用于提出请求，希望得到对方的肯定回答，说话的语气比较客气委婉。Could不是 can 的过去式，是委婉、礼貌的说法。回答用can.【常用答语】肯定回答：Sure./ Of course./ Certainly./No problem.否定回答：Sorry , I cant【 2013 湖北黄冈 3】 40.Could I borrow y

2、our camera? _， but please give it back by Saturday.【 2013 内蒙古呼和浩特】 Tom , would you please _ the box? It s for your sister.A. not openB. don t open C. not to openD. to not open【解析【注】2】 take out 取出（ v+ adv ）: 跟代词做宾语，代词放中间；跟名词做宾语，可放在中间，也可放在后边（）His teeth hurt badly. The dentist _.A .take out itB. take o

3、ut themC. take it outD .take them out【短语】 take out the trash 倒垃圾take a walk 散步take away 拿走，取走take back 收回take place 发生take off脱下；起飞The gift is in the box. You can take it out.【 2013 黑龙江大庆】 6. You had better hurry or well beforlatethe plane. The plane will _ in a few minutes.A. take upB. take downC.

4、take offD. take away2. Can you do the dishes.？那你可以洗盘子吗？do the dishes 洗碗【结构 1】 do the +名词：do the dishes/ laundry 洗餐具 /衣服【结构 2】 do the +动词 -ingdo the cleaning 打扫卫生【结构 3】 do one s名+词do one s housework/ homework做家务 /家庭作业【结构 4】 do some +动词 -ingdo some reading/ shopping读写书 /购物()He helps his mother _ after

5、 every meal.A. does the dishesB. do the dishC. do the dishesD. does the dish3. Could I at least finish watching this show? 至少让我看完这个节目可以吗？【解析 1】 Could I do a sth? 我可以做 .吗？用于表达请求，语气比较委婉。【解析 2】 at least 至少，多指数量或程度上的最低限度。(反) at most 至少，不超过【 2012 江苏南通 4】 Now all of us exercise at _ least _ hour a day and

6、 outside school.A. the; aB.a; anC.不填； aD.不填； an【解析3】 finish v结束；完成finish doing sth做完某事【 2013 四川雅安 4】 8. Can you finish _ these books before 10 oclock? Yes, I can.A. to readB. readC. readsD. reading4. I think two hours of TV isenough for you!我觉得你看两个小时的电视已经足够了。【解析 1】 two hours of TV表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语

7、时，通常被视作整体，谓语动词用单数形式。How time is flies! Three years _(be) really a short time.作 形 容足够的，充分的（在句中作定语或表语）【解析2】 enoughI don t have enough money with me.作 副词足够；充分（放在形容词；副词后）The river is deep enough for swimming.【记】 Mr. Smith has enough money ,but he isnt kind enoughhelptoothers.【注意】 enough 修饰名词时，置于名词前；修饰形容

8、词时，置于形容词之后。()In the old days ,people didn t have _ to eat.A. food enoughB. enough foodC.enough for()You are not _ to take part in the match. Please work hard and try to improve yourself.A. good enoughB. Enough goodC. well enough6. The minute I sat down in front ofthe TV, my mom came over . 我刚坐在电视机前面

9、，我妈妈就过来了。【解析1】 the minute = as soon as“一 . 就 . ”Please write to me the minute you get there.【解析2】 in front of指在物体外部的前面in front ofThere is a bike in front of the classroom.【辨析】指在物体内部的前面in the front ofOur teacher is standing in the front of the classroom【记】 The driver sat _ the car.The policeman stood

10、 _ the car.() At last the taxi stopped _ a tall building , and we all got off.A. in frontB. in the frontC. in front ofD. in the front of【 2013 达州】 8. Do you know the girl _ is standing _ the tree? Yes, she is my friend, Zhang Ying.A. that, in the front ofB. whom , underC. who, in front ofD. which, b

11、ehind【广西柳州】A dog is sitting in front _ the house.A. onB. ofC. to【注意】有the 无the 区别大：in hospital住院in the hospital在医院（不一定看病）【解析 3】come over 过来【拓展】come 短语：come across（偶然） 发现come back 回来come up with 想出come true 实现come down 下来come from=be from 来自 ,出生于come in/into 进入 ,进来come on 赶快 ,加油come and go 来来去去come up

12、 上来come out 出来， (花 )开， (照片 )冲洗出来【 2013浙江丽水】 25. The great writer has written many stories for children. It is said that a new one will _ at theend of this month.A. go outB. come outC. look outD. run out【 2013 浙江宁波】 24. Scientists are trying their best to _ ways to treat the terrible disease called H

13、7N9.A. come up withB. look forward toC. talk aboutD. give up7. You watch TV all the time and never help out around the house!你总是看电视，从不帮忙做家务！【解析】 all the time= always 一直；总是【拓展】与time 相关的短语：on time 按时in time及时at the same time 同时form time to time偶尔the first time第一次at times 有时一再；经常上次下次（）We all know that

14、the earth moves around the sun _.A. on timeB. at timesC. all the timeD. in time【山 】Tom didnt go to school _ this morning because he overslept.A. at onceB. on timeC. by accidentD. at present8. I m justatired as you are! 我和你一 累！【解析】 as.as . 和 .一 .【 2013 安徽 1】33. It s said that the power plant is now_

15、large as what it was.A. twice asB. as twiceC. twice muchD. much twice【注】比 倍数表达句型 ：倍数+as+形容 、副 原 +as+比 象【 2013 沂 1】21. When an earthquake happens, and you are outdoors, you should go to an open area as _ aspossible.A. quicklyB. quietlyC. loudlyD. slowly【 2013 玉林 1】56. Liu Ying is good at singing. She

16、 sings _the famous singer, CoCo.A. as well asB. as good asC. as better asD. as the best as9. For one week , she did not do any housework and neither did I . 一周的 ，她不做任何家 ，我也不做。【解析】 neither + 助 /系 /情 +主 “某人（主 ）也不 ” neither 两者都不neithernor 既不 也不 , 接两个 做主 ， 由后一个主 确定Neither Tom nor Jim is a student【 2013

17、坊】 3. I have two sisters, but _of them is a teacher.【 2013 鞍山】 5. The teachers in that school speak either English or French, or even _. Thats so cool!A. allB. bothC. neitherD. none【 2013 浙江 】 6.Which magazine do you like better, Crazy Reading or Teens space? I like _of them. They are useful for Eng

18、lish lessons.【 2013 常州中考】 He speaks _English _French. Instead, he speaks German. 表达 “也不 ” 用“Neither /Nor + be / V 助 / V 情 + 主 ”()I don t like rainy days. _. Rainy days always make me sad.【 2013 化】 went to the park yesterday. _ . But I didn t see you there.A. So do IB. So did IC. Neither did I10. The

19、 next day , my mom came home from work tofind the house clean and tidy.第二天， 下班回到家后 房 很干 、整 。【解析】 find + 宾语 + 足 【注】 find foundfound 寻v找(1) find sb. doing sth 某人做某事(2) find it + adj. + to do sth 做某事很 find it difficult/ hard to do sth 做某事很困 () She found _ hard to finish the work by herself.11. She aske

20、d in surprise .她吃惊地 道。【解析】 in surprise 惊奇地；吃惊地surprise v 使吃惊 surprising adj.令人吃惊的 surprised adj. 吃惊的to one s surprise使某人吃惊的是in surprise 吃惊地be surprised at 感到吃惊We are _at the _news.(surprise)12. “ I m do sorry, Mom. I finish understand thatnewed to share the housework to have a clean and comfortab le

21、 home. ” I replied.“ 不起， 。我 于理解 了 有一个干 、舒适的家我 需要共同来分担家 。” 我回答 。【 2012 哈 】 Lisa is a little poor at Chinese . I think she needs _ it every day.A. practice to speakB. to practice speakingC. practice speakingshare sth with sb. 与某人分享某物() All his friends _ his happiness when he won the match.A. SharedB.

22、Shared fromC. Shared with14. Could you please pass me the salt? 你能把 我 ？【 2013 广 中考】 If Nancy _ the exam , she will go to Australia for English study.A. passB. passedC. passesD. will pass15. Could I borrow that book?我能借下你那本 看 、Could you lend me some money? 你能借我一些 ？【解析】 borrow /lend/keep(1)borrow借入,与

23、from 用，尤指主 “【借 来 ”】borrow sth from sb.从某人那里借某物You can borrow the book from the library.(2)lend 借出,与 to 搭配【指借出去】lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 把某物借 某人He doesn t want lendto his book to others.(3)keep保留，保存（延 ，可以与表示一段 的状 用）【指借一段 】【 】I want to _ a bike from my friend but he didnt _ it to me,because Tom had

24、_ it for two days.【宁夏中考1】 You may _ the book for two weeks.A. keepB. borrowC. lendD. buy【西宁中考2】 Although you like the book, you may only _ it for two weeks.A. borrowB. keepC. lendD. stay.16. I cut my fing er and I tryingm not to get it wet. 我的手指割 了， 口不能弄湿。【解析】 try (not) to do sth 努力（不）做某事。tryv ， 法，努

25、力【拓展】(1)try on 穿(2) try to do sth努力做某事【 重尽力做】(3) try doing sth 做某事 【 重 做】(4)try one s best to do sth= do oneo sth 尽sbest某人to最大d努力做某事We should _( 尽最大努力 )to be happy in the future.() We should try _ much fruit.A. eatB. to eatC. eatingD. eats【 2013 广 中考 2】 I didn t hear you come in just now. That s goo

26、d. We triedany noise, for you were sleeping.A. not makeB. not to makeC. to makeD. making17. I hate to do chores. 我 做家 。【解析】 hate to do sth 做某事 , 表示某次具体行 或 作。I hate to trouble him.hate doing sth 不愿意做某事表示 常或 性行 或 作。She hates smoking in her room.18.Could I ask you to help me with some chores then?那我能 求

27、你帮我做些 活 ？【解析】 ask sb. to do sth 要求某人做某事。ask for 求，要某物ask sb. about sth向某人 关于某事短 含 ask sb. to do sth 某人做某事ask sb. not to do sth不 某人做某事ask sb for sth向某人要某物ask for help 求帮助() If you have difficulty in learning English, you should ask your teacher or your classmates _ help.A. forB. ofC. inD. on【重 中考】Mr.

28、 Li asks the students _ in the river, because ittoo dangerous.A. swimB. to swimC. not to swimD. to not swim【 2013 北京中考】 Our teacher often asks us _ questions in groups.19.I finishll my homework while you help me with the dishes.当你帮我洗 子的 候，我将完成我的家庭作 。【解析 1】 finish doing sth 完成某事【 2013 雅安中考】 Can you f

29、inish _ these books before 10 o clock? Yes, I can.A. to readB. readC. readsD. reading【解析 2】 while conj.在“ 期 ；当 的 候 ”While引 的 状 从句的 只能是延 。【 2013 菏 中考】 _ the children have fun, parents can take dance lessons on the beach.【 2013 杭州中考】 Sally took a photo of her friends while they _ computer games.A. pla

30、yB. are playingC. have playedD. were playing【解析 3】 help sb. with sth.在某事上帮助某人。【注】 help v 帮助 helpful adj . 有帮助的(1)help sb. do sth. =help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事(2)with the help ofsb.=with one s 在help某人的帮助之下(3)without the help of没有在 的帮助之下() _ your help, we couldn t catch the thief.A.WithB. UnderC. ForD.

31、Without【 2013 浙江温州 2】 Ann often helps me _ math after school.A. forB. withC. onD. by四、完型填空训练（10 分）A generous gap( 代沟 ) has become a serious problem. I read a16 about it in the newspaper. Some children havekilled themselves after17 with parents. I think this is because they don t often have a talk wi

32、th each other. Pnow18more time in the office,19they don t have much time to stay with their children. As times passes, theyboth feel that they don t 20havetopic(the 目 ) to talk about. I want to tell parents to be more with your21 , get toknow them and 22 them. And for children, show your23to your pa

33、rents. They are the people who love you. So24them your thoughts. In this way, you25have a better understanding of each other.（）16. A. messageB. callC. reportD. letter（）17. A. talkB. argueC. fightD. play（）18. A. spendB. stayC. workD. have（）19.A. becauseB. ifC. butD. so（）20.A. interestingB. sameC. tru

34、eD. good（）21.A. businessB. childrenC. workD. office（）22.A. get on well withB. look afterC. understandD. love（）23.A. interestB. secretC. troubleD. feelings（）24.A. tellB. askC. answerD. say（）25.A. canB. shouldC. mustD. would六、阅读题Rico is a dog who lives in Germany. His owners trained him from a young a

35、ge to find his toys. When they say thename of a certain toy, Rico can find it. In fact, he seems to know the names of 200 toys!Some researchers in Germany wanted to test Rico. They put his toys in a room and then told him to go into the room and find a certain toy. Since nobody was in the room with

36、Rico, he had no help from anyone finding the right toy. Theresearchers did this test forty times. Rico found the right toy thirty-seven times.Then the researchers tried something else. They put seven of Ricos toys in the room and one new toythat Rico hadnever seen before. Then they told Rico to go into the room and get the new toy. This new toy had a name Rico had never heard before. Rico found the right toy seven out of t