2021年职称英语卫生类模拟试题

1、职称英语卫生类模拟试题 Screen Test 1. Every year millions of women are screened with X-rays to pick up signs of breast can _r. If this happens early enough, the disease can often be treated suessfully. Aording to a, survey published last year, 21 countries have screening programmes. Nine of them, including Aus

2、tralia, Canada, the US and Spain, screen women under 50. 2. But the medical benefits of screening these younger women are controversial, partly because the radiation brings a s _ll risk of inducing can _r. Also, younger women must be given higher doses of X-rays because their breast tissue is denser

3、. 3. Researchers at the Polytechnic University1 of Valencia _ysed the effect of screening more than 160, 000 women at 11 local clinics. After esti _ting the womens cumulative dose of radiation, they used two models to calculate the number of extra can _rs this would cause. 4. The _the _tical model r

4、emended by Britains National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB)predicted that the screening programme would cause 36 can _rs per 100,000 women, 18 of them fatal. The model preferred by the UN Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation led to a lower figure of 20 can _rs. 5. The resear

5、chers argue that the level of radiation-indu _d can _rs is “not very significant” pared to the far larger number of can _rs that are discovered and treated. The Valencia programme, they say, detects between 300 and 450 cases of breast can _r in every 100,000 women screened. 6. But they point out tha

6、t the risk of women contracting can _r from radiation could be redu _d by between 40 and 80 per _nt if screening began at 50 instead of 45, because they would be exposed to less radiation. The results of their study, they suggest, could help “optimise the technique” for breast can _r screening. 7. “

7、There is a trade-off between the diagnostic benefits of breast screening and its risks,” admits Michael Clark of the NRPB. But he warns that the study should be interpreted with caution. “On the basis of the current data, for every 10 can _rs suessfully detected and prevented there is a risk of caus

8、ing one later in life. Thats why radiation exposure should be minimised in any screening programme.” 练习： 1.Paragraph 2 _ 2.Paragraph 3 _ 3.Paragraph 4 _ 4.Paragraph 5 _ A Harm Screening May Do to a Younger Wo _n B Investigating the Effect of Screening C Effects Predicted by Two Different Models D S

9、_ll Risk of Inducing Can _rs from Radiation E Treatment of Can _rs F Factors That Trigger Can _rs 5.Early discovery of breast can _r _y_. 6.Advantages of screening women under 50 are_. 7.Delaying the age at which screening starts _y_. 8.Radiation exposure should be _. A be costly B harmful C save a

10、life D still open to debate E redu _ the risk of radiation triggering a can _r F redu _d to the minimum 答案与题解： 1.A A说的是:用X射线检查可能对年轻女人不好。下面是第二段讲的意思:但是,用X射线检查年轻女人,就医学上的好处而论,是有争议的,部分原因是辐射有诱发癌症的小小的危险。另外,年轻女人 _ _紧密,给予的X射线的剂量要多一些。 2.B B说的是:调查用X射线检查的结果。第三段的第一句话是这么说的:Valencia理工大学的研究人员分析了11个社区诊所用X射线检查16万以上女人

11、的结果。 3.C C说的是:两种不同的模型预测的结果。第四段讲的是,两种不同的数学模型在预测用X射线检査女人诱发癌症的结果是不一样的。C概括了这段话。 4.D D说的是:辐射诱发癌症的危险是很小的。第五段的第一句话是这么说的:The researchers argue that the level of radiation-indu _d can _rs is “not very significant” pared to the far larger number of can _rs that are discovered and treated.研究人员争辩说,与发现后接受治疗的癌症数字

12、相比,由辐射诱发癌症的数字是很小的。 5.C C与题干生成:Early discovery of breast can _r _y save a life.乳腺癌发现得早也许能挽救生命。答案可以从第一段中找到。 6.D D 与题干生成:Advantages of screening women under 50 are still open to debate.对50岁以下的女人用X射线检查的好处仍然是有争议的.。第二段的第一个句子是这么说的:But the medical benefits of screening these younger women are controversial. 但是,用X射线检查年轻女人,就医学上的好处而论,是有争议的这两个句子用词有些差别,基本意思是相同的。 7.E E与题干生成:Delaying the age at which screenin