活塞式压缩机设计大作业

1、活塞式压缩机大型作业(2009)一、 题目：复算19WY9/150 型氢氮气压缩机在目前操作条件下的各级压力、排气温度、排气量、功率，作出计算示功图、切向力图、活塞力图、标明最大活塞力与切向力，核算配用电机功率是否适当？二、 19WY9/150 型压缩机简介19WY9/150 型压缩机是我省是期投产3000 吨小型化肥厂的氮氢气压缩机，二列是间为飞轮，由电机通过三角皮带拖动。压缩机为卧式、两列、门型，四级压缩。原料（半水煤气）经脱硫后进入级，经级压缩后送去变换、水洗、碳化、碳化后，为碳化气。碳化气返回级、级压缩后去洗铜、合成。三、 目前操作条件与有关数据（1） 操作条件： 吸气压力 0.15

2、MPa (绝) 排气压力 16.0MPa (绝)级出口与级进口压力差P=0.09MPa吸气温度：级 ts () 30 35 40 40级进口相对湿度=1（2） 气体组成组分N2H2CO2COO2ArCH4半水煤气0.210.390.120.260.0050.00450.0105碳化气0.2370.7090.0050.0290.0030.0050.012（3） 有关数据（3） 有关数据活塞行程： S = 310 mm， 活塞杆直径 d = 60 mm转 速： n = 228转/分 连杆比 = r/L = 150/700 = 0.2143列超前列90o往复运动件重量： 列 210.9 Kg ; 列

3、 193.7Kg直径D34021013565相对余隙0.0650.150.160.1抽气系数 10.890.890.89飞轮矩 GD2 为 471.0 Kg-m2配用电机额定功率：155kW解：1. 由于各级间温度变化不大，所以各气体的热熔比取由书本图1-2,各气体等熵指数分别取 N2：K=1.40 H2: K =1.40 CO2 :K =1.28 CO: K =1.40 O2 :K=1.40 Ar :K =1.66 CH4 :K=1.27根据公式1-14 可得原料（半水煤气）的等熵指数为K=1.379 碳化气的等熵指数K=1.397一.初算各级压力比各级的行程容积根据式子可计算=0.0544

4、=0.0171 =0.0035 =0.0010又已知吸气压力 0.15 MPa (绝) 排气压力 16.0MPa (绝)即=0.15MPa =16.0MPa =0.15四级的名义压力比为： 3.确定各级新的容积系数由书本表2-1可得膨胀指数计算公式，且第一级K=1.379，二，三，四级的K=1.397 多变指数第一级 =1.19多变指数第二级 =1.20多变指数第三级 =1.25多变指数第四级 =1.30理想气体的容积系数根据公式2-10可求得 4.确定各级工况系数C抽气系数 由公式得所以要进行复算（二）第一次复算 1.重新确定初值P得 2.确定各级容积系数 3.确定各级工况常数所以要进行第二

5、次复算（三）第二次复算1.重新确定初值P 2.确定各级容积系数 3.确定各级工况常数所以要进行第三次复算（四）第三次复算1.重新确定初值P 2.确定各级容积系数 3.确定各级工况常数 精度足够，所以确定各级压力位第级 吸气压力P=0.15 MPa 排气压力P=0.737MPa第级 吸气压力P=0.647 MPa 排气压力P=2.909MPa第级 吸气压力P=2.909 MPa 排气压力P=8.513MPa第级 吸气压力P=8.513MPa 排气压力P=16.0MPa二 各级排气温度根据书本公式2-25计算（其中为吸气温度）又过程指数对低压级可取，中高压取n=k，所以取=1.39 可得 三 排气

6、量的计算 根据值理论计算 由书本公式2-29得（其中为各级气缸的行程容积，；分别为气缸的容积系数，压力系数，温度系数；无气体泄漏是取取1；n为压缩机转速，）根据的压力比查温度系数与压力比的关系图2-12可得各级的温度系数 0.93， 0.91， 0.94， 0.96，压力系数（一般取0.98到1.0） 取 因为 所以 泄漏系数 泄漏系数取=0.97 , =0.97 , =0.95 , =0.94 ,所以压缩机的排气系数为 =0.82，=0.63，=0.78，=0.940.93， 0.91， 0.94， 0.96=0.97 , =0.97 , =0.95 , =0.94同理第二级的吸气系数为=0

7、.0544=0.0171=0.0035=0.0010所以 四 功率的计算 计算各级指示功率和轴功率由公式可计算第级 第级 第级 第级 所以，压缩机总的指示功率取机械效率取，则压缩机的轴功率又电机功率余度10%，而155 所以该电机规格不符。活塞运动分析 活塞的位移公式为活塞的位移近似式为活塞的加速度为 式中 ， , 对运动机构，习惯用理论力学的达朗贝尔原理进行受力分析，即将运动刚体视为静止，加上惯性力，运用静力学平衡方程。作用在连杆机构上的几个主要作用力：惯性力、气体力、摩擦力、摩擦力矩等。并画它们与转角关系的曲线图。惯性力 由已知，得：摩擦力与摩擦力矩 往复摩擦力的计算公式为 为机械效率为指

8、示功率S为行程为每秒转速，r/s旋转摩擦力矩的计算公式为：旋转摩擦力的计算公式为：气体力 其中P为气体力，N为活塞的有效面积，为作用在有效面积上的气体压力，Pa 求出转角对应的活塞当量位移x盖侧对应于汽缸容积的活塞当量位移，就是活塞位移的值：轴侧对应于汽缸容积的当量位移则另为：即 对于的值可以查表。压缩过程任意点的压力为：膨胀过程任意点的压力为：排气过程任意点的压力为： 吸气过程任意点的压力为： 为余隙容积的当量行程。 分别为膨胀过程任意点的压力与膨胀始点压力。与压缩过程的意义一样。压缩始点压力级次进气压力(MP)排气压力(MP)余隙容积的当量行程,m行程过程指数第一级0.150.7370.0

9、20.311.39第二级0.6472.9090.050.311.4第三级2.9098.5130.050.311.4第四级8.513160.030.311.4根据以上画出示功图同理，可得到第级的指示功图活塞力 切向力数据角度弧度气体力盖1气体力盖2气体力轴1气体力轴2摩擦力1摩擦力200-107.633-77.15813.48342.991900100.174533-94.5483-71.857514.8033646.949191.0351.036200.349066-68.7338-59.41615.3229448.493121.0351.036300.523599-46.5692-45.87

10、4416.2345951.184411.0351.036400.698132-36.7264-34.626817.6138255.214241.0351.036500.872665-34.9374-26.301319.5819260.880641.0351.036601.047198-34.9374-20.395522.3259768.624221.0351.036701.22173-34.9374-18.441826.1323579.082261.0351.036801.396263-34.9374-18.441831.4435393.168171.0351.036901.570796-34

11、.9374-18.441838.9554112.18331.0351.0361001.745329-34.9374-18.441849.78745129.53021.0351.0361101.919862-34.9374-18.441855.107138.68531.0351.0361202.094395-34.9374-18.441855.107139.5031.0351.0361302.268928-34.9374-18.441855.107139.5031.0351.0361402.443461-34.9374-18.441855.107139.5031.0351.0361502.617

12、994-34.9374-18.441855.107139.5031.0351.0361602.792527-34.9374-18.441855.107139.5031.0351.0361702.96706-34.9374-18.441855.107139.5031.0351.0361803.141593-34.9374-18.441855.107139.503001903.316126-38.247-20.093648.99303132.5857-1.035-1.0362003.490658-39.1741-20.553836.25935115.0567-1.035-1.0362103.665

13、191-40.7951-21.35624.6481893.55904-1.035-1.0362203.839724-43.2352-22.557416.5442873.36202-1.035-1.0362304.014257-46.6954-24.24913.48356.76922-1.035-1.0362404.18879-51.4857-26.56813.48345.91191-1.035-1.0362504.363323-58.081-29.719213.48342.9919-1.035-1.0362604.537856-67.2167-34.008713.48342.9919-1.03

14、5-1.0362704.712389-80.056-39.898113.48342.9919-1.035-1.0362804.886922-90.9679-48.091513.48342.9919-1.035-1.0362905.061455-101.865-59.669213.48342.9919-1.035-1.0363005.235988-107.633-76.277413.48342.9919-1.035-1.0363105.410521-107.633-77.15813.48342.9919-1.035-1.0363205.585054-107.633-77.15813.48342.

15、9919-1.035-1.0363305.759586-107.633-77.15813.48342.9919-1.035-1.0363405.934119-107.633-77.15813.48342.9919-1.035-1.0363506.108652-107.633-77.15813.48342.9919-1.035-1.0363606.283185-107.633-77.15813.48342.991900角度惯性力1惯性力2活塞力1活塞力2切向力1切向力2017.547616.1172-76.6024-18.0489001017.1490715.75116-61.5609-8.12

16、115-12.9491-1.708262015.981514.67876-36.39444.79188-14.96781.9707413014.1261912.97469-15.173419.3207-9.0110811.474034011.7097210.7552-6.3678632.37864-4.7781324.29533508.8916328.166827-5.4288543.78217-4.7474738.28703605.84925.3724-5.7272354.63712-5.5103452.56802702.7609872.535924-5.0090664.21238-5.06

17、65664.9494480-0.20897-0.19193-2.6678475.57044-2.7296377.3209290-2.9246-2.68622.128492.09132.128492.0913100-5.28748-4.8564710.59757107.267910.03009101.5239110-7.24173-6.6514213.96287114.628112.1184799.4865120-8.7738-8.058612.4308114.03869.5707387.80067130-9.90733-9.0997311.29727112.99757.42907974.307

18、11140-10.694-9.8222910.51058112.27495.62552260.09228150-11.2016-10.288510.00301111.80874.06249945.40861160-11.5008-10.56339.703848111.53392.64695330.4235170-11.6526-10.70289.551981111.39441.30814315.25546180-11.6984-10.74488.4712110.316400190-11.6526-10.7028-1.94159100.75330.2659-13.7982200-11.5008-

19、10.5633-15.450582.903644.214486-22.6139210-11.2016-10.2885-28.383560.8785511.52733-24.7245220-10.694-9.82229-38.419939.9463320.56329-21.3803230-9.90734-9.09973-44.154722.3844929.03614-14.72240-8.7738-8.0586-47.811510.2493136.81106-7.89115250-7.24173-6.65142-52.87475.58527845.89034-4.8475260-5.28748-

20、4.85647-60.05623.09072856.84029-2.92523270-2.9246-2.6862-70.5326-0.628470.53260.628401280-0.20897-0.19193-78.7289-6.3275380.552516.4741032902.7609852.535923-86.656-15.177487.6506915.351593005.8491985.372399-89.3358-28.949185.9526827.852813108.891638.166825-86.2934-27.035375.4626223.6420632011.709721

21、0.7552-83.4753-24.446962.6357518.3437633014.1261912.97469-81.0588-22.227448.138613.2002534015.981514.67876-79.2035-20.523332.573788.44057235017.1490715.75115-78.0359-19.450916.414594.0914436017.547616.1172-76.6024-18.048900气体力数据度数P1盖P0P4盖A1A14A4A000.6230.1160.0880.08750.003320.002830.1745330.538620.

22、114.282840.0880.08750.003320.002830.3490660.3800760.110.685890.0880.08750.003320.002830.5235990.252280.17.377910.0880.08750.003320.002830.6981320.1704460.16.570.0880.08750.003320.002830.8726650.150.16.570.0880.08750.003320.002831.0471980.150.16.570.0880.08750.003320.002831.221730.150.16.570.0880.087

23、50.003320.002831.3962630.150.16.570.0880.08750.003320.002831.5707960.150.16.570.0880.08750.003320.002831.7453290.150.16.570.0880.08750.003320.002831.9198620.150.16.570.0880.08750.003320.002832.0943950.150.16.570.0880.08750.003320.002832.2689280.150.16.570.0880.08750.003320.002832.4434610.150.16.570.

24、0880.08750.003320.002832.6179940.150.16.570.0880.08750.003320.002832.7925270.150.16.570.0880.08750.003320.002832.967060.150.16.570.0880.08750.003320.002833.1415930.150.16.570.0880.08750.003320.002833.3161260.16440.17.1873570.0880.08750.003320.002833.4906580.168440.17.3601180.0880.08750.003320.002833

25、.6651910.1755110.17.6620070.0880.08750.003320.002833.8397240.1861710.18.1160250.0880.08750.003320.002834.0142570.2013210.18.7589860.0880.08750.003320.002834.188790.2223580.19.6474110.0880.08750.003320.002834.3633230.2514410.110.867430.0880.08750.003320.002834.5378560.2919540.112.551440.0880.08750.00

26、3320.002834.7123890.3493240.114.906660.0880.08750.003320.002834.8869220.4325480.1160.0880.08750.003320.002835.0614550.5570870.1160.0880.08750.003320.002835.2359880.6230.1160.0880.08750.003320.002835.4105210.6230.1160.0880.08750.003320.002835.5850540.6230.1160.0880.08750.003320.002835.7595860.6230.11

27、60.0880.08750.003320.002835.9341190.6230.1160.0880.08750.003320.002836.1086520.6230.1160.0880.08750.003320.002836.2831850.6230.1160.0880.08750.003320.00283xFg盖1Fg轴1Fg1p1轴p4轴x轴0-107.63313.483-94.149500.156.570.30.002701-94.548314.80336-79.7449100.1650047.2131940.2972990.010686-68.733815.32294-53.4108

28、200.1709087.4655610.2893140.023605-46.569216.23459-30.3346300.1812687.9073650.2763950.040902-36.726417.61382-19.1126400.1969418.5733720.2590980.061846-34.937419.58192-15.3555500.2193069.5188230.2381540.085579-34.937422.32597-12.6114600.25048810.827590.2144210.11117-34.937426.13235-8.80505700.2937431

29、2.62540.188830.137664-34.937431.44353-3.49387800.35409715.10110.1623360.164142-34.937438.95544.018003900.439459160.1358580.189758-34.937449.7874514.850051000.562551160.1102420.213776-34.937455.10720.16961100.623160.0862240.235579-34.937455.10720.16961200.623160.0644210.254682-34.937455.10720.16961300.623160.0453180.270715-34.937455.10720.16961400.623160.0292850.283412-34.937455.10720.16961500.623160.0165880.292593-34.937455.10720.16961600.623160.0074070.298143-34.937455.10720.16961700