名次与名词词组.ppt

1、名词与名词词组,一、名词的定义二、名词的分类 三、名词词组及其句法功能,名词的定义名词 (Nouns)：指人、物、事、时、地、情感、概念等实体或抽象事物的词,名词分类 一、简单名词、复合名词、派生名词 1.简单名词指包含一个自由词素的名词，如man, chair, down , take 2.复合名词指由两个或两个以上自由词素合成的名词，如handbook, roommate，nickname 3.派生名词指由动词、形容词、简单名词加词缀构成的名词，如arrangement, greatness，meanness,专有名词 专有名词是特定的某人、地方或机构的名称，即：人名，地名，国家名，单位名

2、，组织名，等等。专有名词的第一个字母必须 大写。例如：Hemingway海明威 Russia 俄罗斯 New York 纽约 United Nations联合国,二、普通名词和专有名词,普通名词 1.个体名词表示某一类人或物的个体，如man, woman, worker 2.集体名词表示由若干个个体组成的集合体，如 audience, committee, family 3. 物质名词表示无法分为个体的实物，如air, water, train, cloth, glass, rubber, soap, iron, silver, copper, tin。 4.抽象名词表示性质、行为、状态、感情

3、或其他抽象概念，如strength, happiness, singing, work, youth, revolution,Swimming is a popular sport in China. Any boy brave enough to swim in that sea deserves a medal. He ventured into the unknown. People elected him the president. Mr. Edwards , the manager of the store , is the city councilman. We teachers

4、 should be concerned about the students moral culture. A photos taken each time that button is pushed. He went to Beijing last month,名词词组的句法功能,Eg:The lovely girl who won the first prize in the competition is my sister,名词词组的结构形式如下： （限定词）+（前置修饰语）+名词+（后置修饰语,名词词组句法功能之重难点,1.作为名词中心词的修饰语，形容词一般是前置的。但当中心词是由-

5、body, -one, -thing结尾的复合不定代词时，它们的修饰语（包括形容词或形容词词组在内）只能后置。例如： Anyone intelligent can do it. Is there anything easier than this? 2.有些形容词用作名词中心词的修饰语，可前置，也可后置，但意义不同。例如： The present situation concerns all students present. （The present situation = the situation now; students present = those who are here） 3

6、.在有些结构中，形容词可前置也可后置，意义不变。例如： This is the finest cloth obtainable ( = the finest obtainable cloth ) 4.有时由于受到结构的限制，形容词只能后置。例如： Any boy brave enough to swim in that sea deserves a medal,课堂练习,1.George Stamp, the novelist, will be the Guest of Honors at our next dinner. 2. We chose John Spratt captain. 3.

7、 Her father gave her just what she wanted ,a silk scarf. 4.He came home last night. 5. The teacher who taught the class found the new student sitting in the corner of the classroom a very attentive boy,你，答对了吗？ 1.George Stamp, the novelist（主语的同位语）,will be the Guest of Honors （主语补语） at our next dinner（介词宾语）. 2. We chose John Spratt（动词宾语） captain（宾语补语）. 3. Her father gave her just what she wanted（直接宾语）,a silk scarf（直接宾语的同位语）. 4.He came home last night（状语）. 5. The teacher（中心词） who taught the clas