201X届中考英语专题复习 专题八 动词

1、专题八 动词,动词,1,实义动词,分析甘肃近3年中考真题可以看出，对动词的考查主要在语法与情景对话和完形填空中。一般侧重于两点：1.动词语境的辨析；2.近义动词的辨析，需要考生平时多练多积累,解答实义动词的语境辨析类试题，首先要确定四个动词的含义，然后分析语境，找出关键词，或前后的逻辑关系，确定正确答案。因此考生在平时学习过程中，需要重点积累并掌握实义动词的用法，具体如下： 实义动词是能够独立作谓语的动词。按其句法功能可分为及物动词和不及物动词；按其持续性可分为延续性动词和非延续性动词。 1.及物动词和不及物动词 (1)及物动词自身意义不完整，需要接宾语才能使其意思完整。常见的带双宾语的动词有

2、：give, bring, buy, get, leave, lend, offer, pass, teach, tell等。如： Please pass me the salt.请把盐递给我。 (2)不及物动词自身意思完整，不需要接宾语。如：come, go, listen, work等。如：Horses run fast.马跑得快,2.延续性动词和非延续性动词 (1)延续性动词表示动作是可以持续的，可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。如： live, study, keep, teach等。 如：You can keep this book for two weeks.这本书你可以保留两周。 (

3、2)非延续性动词表示瞬间动作，动作一发生便立刻结束，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，如果要连用，就要用其他词代替。如：buy, lend, die, borrow, stop, arrive, join, come等。如：The old man has been dead for two years.那个老人已经去世两年了。 （此处不能用has died,1.Everyone should have dreams. With dreams and hard work, anything amazing can be _. A. met B. created C. expected D. prac

4、ticed 2.Im greatly interested in this painting. It _the painters love for nature. A. expresses B. discusses C. realizes D. imagines 3.Ill always stand by you when you are in need. Its nice of you. Your support is really _. A. appreciated B. thanked C. helped D. depended,考点小练,A,B,A,4.My mother asked

5、to _ my clothes by myself yesterday. A. make B. cook C. wash D. plant 5.The drivers have to _ the traffic rules and control themselves if they want to be safe on the road. A. follow B. break C. make D. plan,A,C,2,系动词,系动词本身有词义，但不能单独作谓语，必须和表语（形容词、名词或介词/短语）一起构成系表结构，说明主语的状态、性质、特征或身份。常见的系动词如,6.This silk

6、dress _ so smooth. It must be made in China. A. sounds B. feels C. seems D. tastes 7.The weather in spring _ warmer and warmer. A. stays B. becomes C. grows D. touches 8.Sh_ too strict with her children. A. seems B. appears C. remainsD. feels,考点小练,B,B,A,3,近、反义动词的辨析,常见的反义动词 accept接受 refuse拒绝 ask问 ans

7、wer/reply回答 win赢 lose输 begin开始 end结束/finish完成 borrow借入 lend借出 buy买 sell卖 get/find找到/获得 lose丢失 pass通过 fail 未通过 push推 pull拉 laugh笑 cry哭 like/love喜欢/爱 hate讨厌 remember记住 forget忘记 send寄出 receive收到 sleep睡觉 wake醒来 stop停止 continue/keep继续 bring带来 take带走,常见的近义动词 win, beat(详解见本书P60) dress, wear, put on, (be) i

8、n（详解见本书P24） speak, tell, talk, say(讲解见本书P23)（2017兰州53题） borrow， lend, keep(讲解见本书P102) spend， take， cost， pay(讲解见本书P34)（2017省卷47题） hear， listen， sound (讲解见本书P41) give， provide， offer， supply(讲解见本书P61) receive， accept (讲解见本书P84) take, bring, carry, fetch(讲解见本书P14) watch， look, see， read(讲解见本书P14) reac

9、h, arrive, get to attend, join, join in, take part in(讲解见本书P157,9.Its too noisy. We couldnt _ each other clearly. A. listen B. sound C. hear D. speak 10.You really shouldnt _ so much money on it. A. cost B. spend C. pay D. take 11.Father wont _ us to touch anything in his room when he is away. He th

10、inks that we may break something up. A. receive B. allow C. send D. stop 12.No matter what you may _, he will not believe you. A. talk B. tell C. read D. say 13.We all _ everything we saw. Because seeing is believing. A. doubt B. agree C. believe D. disagree,考点小练,B,C,C,D,B,4,动词短语,同一动词型（2017省卷31题，201

11、7兰州31题） 1.take短语 take exercise 锻炼take care of照顾 take off 脱掉；（飞机等）起飞take out 取出 take part in参加take a shower 洗澡，淋浴 take pride in感到自豪take a look 看一下 2.do/make短语 make progress 取得进步 do some reading/read a book 读书，阅读 do homework 做家庭作业 make money 挣钱，赚钱 do sports 做运动 3.look短语 look after照顾look down看,look up抬

12、头look out向外看 同一介词/副词型 1.up短语 get up起床look up查找 mix up混合put up张贴；举起 turn up出现；调高give up放弃 pick up捡起set up搭建 grow up长大stat up熬夜 2.at短语 look at看laugh at嘲笑 shout at对大喊smile at对微笑 3.for短语 look for寻找pay for 付款 leave for前往wait for等待 4.back短语 turn back返回get back找回 look back向后看give back返还,不同动词+不同介词/副词 talk a

13、bout谈论 care about在意，关心 think of想起；想到hear of听说 give away赠送；分发find out查明 shout at冲大声叫stand for代表 其他型(动词+名词) wash your socks洗袜子 sing a song 唱歌 get/buy a special gift/present购买特别的礼物 go for a walk散步,14.This food is free. You dont have to_ it. A. look for B. pay for C. ask for D. wait for 15.Jane is very busy these days, for she has a lot of problems to _.