初中英语形容词和副词课件

1、形容词与副词,形容词是修饰名词或代词，说明事物或人的性质或特征的词。 e.g. long, empty, cheap, hungry, etc,什么叫形容词,形容词在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语等成分,eg: 1.He is a good student. 2. She is a beautiful girl. 3. I have a clever pet dog,作定语,1.)单个形容词修饰名词或代词时顺序 直接放名词或代词前面,当形容词修饰由something/somebody, anything/anybody, nothing/nobody, everything/everybody等

2、不定代词时,形容词要放在这些不定代词的之后. e.g,1.Is there anything interesting in todays newspaper ? 2. I have something important to tell you,3.)修饰不定代词时常后置 “不形,例题： 1. Sam is hungry, hed like to eat _delicious. A. some B. any C. something D. somewhere 2. Dont worry. There is _ about your illness. serious something B. a

3、nything serious C. nothing serious D. some thing There is _ in todays newspaper. Its boring. A. something new B. interesting new C. nothing new D. new nothing -Who can help us? -_. well do it ourselves A. Everyone else B. Else everyone C. Nobody else D. Else nobody 要点：不定代词修饰形容词， 位置为“不形,C,C,C,C,The t

4、rees turn green in spring. We are alone on the island,只能作表语，不能作定语的形容词 你能说出几个,alone afraid awake asleep alive able,作表语,所谓表语形容词即指只用于连系动词后作表语，而不能用于名词前作定语的形容词。这类形容词常见的有：1.某些以a-开头的形容词：afraid 害怕的 alive 活着的 alone 单独的 ashamed 羞愧的asleep 睡着的 awake 醒着的Dont be afraid. 别怕。Now the baby is asleep. 现在孩子睡着了。He was a

5、lone in the house. 他独自一人在家里。若要用作定语且具有以上意义，可改用其他形容词：误：an asleep child, an ashamed girl, an alive poet正：a sleeping child, a shy girl, a living poet,2.某些表示健康的形容词：fine 健康的 ill有病的well身体健康的“Hows your wife?” “Shes fine, thank you.” “你妻子好吗?”“她很好，谢谢。”He was ill and couldnt come. 他病了，所以不能来,3.某些描述感觉或心情的形容词： 某些

6、形容词如happy, glad, surprised, sure, afraid 等用作表语时，可接动词不定式或状语从句 Im glad to meet you. He was surprised to see his teacher. We were happy to learn that our teacher had got well. Im sure that they will come and watch our performance,4.其他表语形容词：certain 确信的，一定的 sure 确信的，一定的 fond 喜欢的，温柔的 ready 准备好的，愿意的 unable

7、 不能的Im certain sure he will come. 我确信他会来。He is fond of music. 他喜欢音乐。We are ready to do it. 我们已准备好做这事。【注】若用于其他意义，有的也可用作定语，如 certain表示“某”时，只能用作定语：a certain person 某人,例题： 1. She was _ (luck) to lose her money when she went shopping last weekend. 04西宁 2. This kind of skirt looks _ and sells_. 04天津 A. ni

8、ce; well B. nice; good C. well; well D. good; nice,答案点拨：was是系动词，其后要跟形容词作表语，luck的形容词形式为lucky，但我们填上后发现句意不通：丢了钱她还能幸运吗？肯定是“不幸”，故应填它的反义词unlucky,答案点拨：此题融合了形容词和副词使用的两个基本知识点：系动词后跟形容词作表语，实义动词后要用副词去修饰。look为半系动词，后接形容词，sell为实义动词，后接副词，而well作形容词时专指身体状况“好”，nice是形容词，不难得出答案为A,3.What do you think of the story written

9、 by Mark Twain? It is _. I like it. 04昆明 A. boring B. bored C. interested D. interesting,答案点拨：既然喜欢，说明它有趣，作表语，故选D。英语中一些动词有两种形容词化的形式：-ing 和-ed形式，它们的区别就在于: -ing形式一般作表语和定语，修饰物。如：It was an interesting book. The book is interesting.；-ed形式其主语常应该是人，而不是物。如： He became very interested in science. 他开始对科学非常感兴趣,4

10、. The apple tastes _ and sells _ . A. well; well B. good; good C. good; well D. well; good 5. Your answer sounds _ . A. correct B. correctly C. correctness D. correcting 6. They watched a movie and felt quite _ . A. sad B. sadly C. sadness D. sady,C,A,A,某些动词如make，paint，keep，find，like，want等后接名词或代词作宾语

11、，再接形容词作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语的状态、特征等。形容词和宾语一起构成复合宾语有的已构成固定词组,作宾语补足语,eg. 1.You must keep the classroom clean 2.He made us happy. 3.Many foreigners find Chinese difficult. 4.Well make our school more beautiful. 5.We must keep our classroom clean,good 的副词是 well。 hard 既是形容词也是副词, 作形容词是“困难的”， 作副词是“努力地”。 hardly “几乎不

12、”它和hard没关系。 fast 既是形容词也是副词,“快的/地” 类似的还有high, early, late,注意,形容词的构成,形容词的构成通常有,forgetforgetful helphelpful wonderwonderful useuseful carecareful beautybeautiful thankthankful colour -colourful,1、+ful,2、ed,exciteexcited worryworried surprisesurprised closeclosed amaze- amazed interestinterested frighte

13、nfrightened,3、+ing,interestinteresting exciteexciting surprisesurprising followfollowing frighten frightening amaze- amazing,sunsunny snowsnowy windwindy rain-rainy cloudcloudy healthhealthy,4、+y 所有表示天气状况的的形容词,wool-woolen wood-wooden,5、+ en,6、+ern (东西南北,east-eastern west-western south-southern north

14、-northern,7.由“名词+ly”构成 friendly, daily, weekly, silly lively, lonely, lovely,7.复合形容词,1）形容词v-ing，同“系表结构” a good-looking boy a boy who looks good 相貌好看的男孩 an ordinary-looking man 相貌平常的人 nice-smelling flowers 香气扑鼻的花 （2）副词过去分词，同“被动的定语从句” a well-written novel a novel that is well written 写得好的小说 best-house

15、d people 居住条件最好的人 a newly-published article 新发表的文章,3）形容词带ed后缀的名词 an ill-tempered m an a m an whose temper is ill 脾气坏的人 short-sighted students students with short sight 近视的学生 sweet-tempered 性情温和的 tender-hearted 软心肠的 （4）名词形容词，名词如同状语，修饰形容词 an apple-green shirt a shirt being as green as apple苹果绿衬衫 snow-

16、white walls 雪白的墙 a piece of sky-blue cloth 一块天蓝色的布,Lets fill in the blanks,形容词的比较级 和最高级构成和用法,Lets fill in the blanks,形容词的比较等级构成， 有三个等级： 原级；比较级；最高级,Lets fill in the blanks,形容词的比较级和最高级构成,规则变化,不规则变化,taller harder larger wider,tallest hardest largest widest,bigger hotter fatter wetter,biggest hottest fa

17、ttest wettest,happier drier earlier,happiest driest earliest,narrower cleverer,narrowest cleverest,more difficult more popular more slowly,most difficult most popular most slowly,少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词可加-er或-est,规则变化,better,best,worse,worst,less,more,most,farther/further,older/elder,least,farthest/furthe

18、st,oldest/eldest,不规则变化,巧记： 特殊形式比较级 共有三对二合一 坏病两多并两好 little意思不是小 一分为二有两个 一是老来二是远,但有少数几个形容词无比较级和最高级。如：excellent, wonderful, favorite等,比较级前有时有一个表示程度的词或短语。常见有：a little, much, a lot, still, even, far, a bit等。例如： 1）My shirt is much cheaper than yours. 我的衬衫比你的便宜。 2）Lesson 3 is very difficult, but Lesson 5 i

19、s even more difficult. 第3课很难，但是第5课更难,注意：在含有形容词的比较级句子中，对两个相比较的内容为了避免重复，我们常常用that, those来代替前面的词。例如： The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangdong. The windows of our classroom are cleaner than those of theirs,形容词原级的常用句型,Tom is as tall as Mike,as+形容词原形+as,There are as many students in our sch

20、ool as yours,否定 not as+形容词原形+as “和 不一样” 或 not so+形容词原形+as “不及不如,Tom is not as tall as Mike,This truck is big enough to carry 5 tons,so+ 形容词原级+that丛句 such+名词that丛句,He is so big that he cant enter the room bythe door,too+原级+ to do sth,He is too young to join the army,形容词原级+ enough to do sth,形容词原级的常用句型

21、,1、两者之间的比较，句中有明显的标志词than Tom is taller than John 2、Which/Who is + 比较级, A or B ? Which is easier, maths or English? 3、能修饰比较级的副词及短：much(的多)、 a lot(的多)、even(更)、still（更）、a bit/alittle(一点儿) This city is much more beautiful than that one Today is even hotter than yesterday,形容词比较级的常用句型,4、 is the +比较级 + of

22、the two. Tom is the taller of the two boys. 5、数量 + 比较级 than He is three years older than his brother. 6、比较级+ and + 比较级， “越来越” Now it is hotter and hotter. 现在越来越热 7、The + 比较级，the + 比较级 “越，就越” The more , the better. 越多越好。 The more you eat, the fatter you will become.你吃得越多，你就越容易变胖,1.one of the+最高级+名词复数

23、,形容词最高级的常用句型,2.最高级+of (in)(三者及以上范围的,3.This is/ was the最高级+名词+that定语从句,Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers last century,This is the worst film that I have seen these years,Of all the movie stars, I think Zhang Ziyi is the best,形容词最高级的常用句型,5.、the + 序数词 + 最高级 + 名词 + in/of The Yellow River is the seco

24、nd longest river in China,4、Which/Who is the + 最高级,A ,B or C ? Which is the biggest , the moon, the earth or the sun ,注意： 最高级前可以有序数词来修饰。例如： Which is the first most useful invention? 哪一个是第一个最有用途的发明？ 如果形容词最高级前有物主代词，指示代词，名词所有格时，则不必加定冠词the。例如： Yesterday was my busiest day. 昨天是我最忙碌的一天,中考英语专项复习形容词和副词,使用最高

25、级时,1)可用one of +the 最高级形式+名词复数表示最 之一,注意,2) Which/Who +动词+最高级,A ，B or C,如：Who jumps highest,Mike,John or Hill? Which is the heaviest,a dog,a horse or an elephant,如：One of the most beautiful cities is Shanghai,5)序数词+形容词最高级(表示第几最,如：Lily is the third tallest girl in her class,4)可用原级，比较级，最高级三种方式表达,如： 1.No

26、 one else in her class studies as hard as she . 2.Nobody else in her class studies harder than she. 3.She studies harder than any other student in her class. 4.She studies hardest in her class,1、The bread is _ than these cakes A.very delicious B. much delicious C. more delicious D. as delicious,2. L

27、in Tao jumped _ in the long jump in the school sports meeting A. far B. farther C. farthest D. quite far,3. When they met in the hotel . They talked and laughed _ A.happily B. happy C. happier D. happiest,4.Which is _ season in Beijing ? A.good B. better C. best D. the best,C,C,A,D,Test,5. A horse i

28、s _ than a dog much heavy B. more heavier C. much heavier 6. Emma always makes a lot of mistakes . She is _ care B. careful C. carefully D. careless 7. Which subject is _ , physics or chemistry ? interesting B. most interesting C. more interesting D. the most interesting,C,D,C,用来修饰动词、形容词、其它副词、全句或 名词

29、词组及句子的词。 e.g,什么叫副词,very, early, out, soon, quickly, 等等,副词根据所表达的不同意义可将其分为以下几种： 1、时间和频度副词：now, then, often, always, early, today, already, soon, ago, yesterday等. 2、地点副词：here, there, everywhere, out, in, home, upstairs, above, below, inside等. 3、方式副词：carefully, politely, fast, well, extremely, anxiously

30、等,中考英语专项复习形容词和副词,副词的种类,4、程度副词：much, little, very, rather, too, rather, almost, so等. 5、疑问副词：how, where, when, why（放在特殊疑问句前） 6、关系副词：when, where, why（通常引导宾语从句） 7、连接副词：how, when, where, why, whether（通常引导定语从句,中考英语专项复习形容词和副词,副词的种类,五、副词的比较等级构成和用法 1、副词的比较等级构成。有三个等级：原级；比较级；最高级,中考英语专项复习形容词和副词,2）不规则变化,中考英语专项复习形容词和副词,副词的比较级和最高级的构成和形容词的比较级和最高级的构成基本相同.e.g,形容记的最高级前要用定冠词the,副词的最高级前可用可不用定冠词the,Attentions,Mount Qomolangma is the highest in the world,Jim jumped (the) highest of the all,fast-faster-fastest slowly- more slowly most slowly,注意：1、副词very可以修饰形容词、副词，但不能修饰动词。