高中英语 Module 5 Cloning Section Ⅱ Grammar课件 外研版选修

1、Section Grammar,一,二,三,一、观察下列句子并填空 (1)I wish I could fly. (2)They wish they would travel in a spaceship. (3)I wish I had not created this creature. 剖析:以上三个句子wish的宾语从句中都用了虚拟语气。其中,第一句中宾语从句的谓语动词为,是对不可能实现的愿望的虚拟;第二句中宾语从句的谓语动词为,是对不可能实现的愿望的虚拟;第三句中宾语从句的谓语动词为,是对不可能实现的愿望的虚拟。 答案:could fly;目前;would travel;将来;had

2、 not created;过去,一,二,三,二、翻译下列句子,判断黑体部分的构成 1.If all places were same,there would be little need for geographers. 翻译:。 主句谓语构成,从句谓语构成 2.Even if I had the money,I wouldnt buy it. 翻译:。 主句谓语构成,从句谓语构成 3.If the teacher knew it,he would be angry. 翻译:。 主句谓语构成,从句谓语构成 4.I wouldnt lose courage even if I should fa

3、il again. 翻译:。 主句谓语构成,从句谓语构成,一,二,三,答案:1.如果所有地方都一样,就不需要地理学家了;would be;were 2.即使我有钱也不会买它;wouldnt buy;had 3.万一老师知道了这事,他会生气的;would be;knew 4.即使再次失败我也不会气馁;wouldnt lose;should fail,一,二,三,三、语法填空(用动词的适当形式填空) 1.She feels very lonely in that school.If she (make)more friends,she (not be) so lonely. 2.I didnt t

4、hink about it carefully enough.I wish I (think) more carefully. 3.He murdered the people I love most.I wish he (not kill) them. 4.He looks so ugly.I wish he(not be) ugly. 5.She looks as if she (be) ten years younger. 答案:1.made;would not be2.had thought3.had not killed4.were not5.were,1,2,1.In Senten

5、ce A,“Id” means. 在句A中“Id”的意思是 考点:mean v.意思是 “Quake” means “to shake”. “Quake”的意思是“震动”。 考点延伸 1)阅读下列句子,体会黑体词的词性及含义 What does “evidence” mean? “evidence”是什么意思? 词性:动词含义:意思是,1,2,I mean to call on you tomorrow. 我打算明天看望你。 词性:动词含义:打算 Becoming a millionaire didnt mean an end to his money worries. 成为百万富翁并不意味着

6、他不再被钱困扰。 词性:动词含义:意味着 That was a mean trick! 那是一个卑劣的诡计! 词性:形容词含义:卑劣的,1,2,2)means为mean的第三人称单数形式,同时means也可作名词,意为“手段,方法,财产” Television is an effective means of communication. 电视是一种有效的通信手段。 He got rich by devious means. 他不择手段大发横财。 He did not have the means to compensate her. 他没有钱来补偿她。 归纳:类似means这种单复数同形的词

7、还有:sheep(绵羊);deer(鹿); Chinese(中国人);Japanese(日本人); Swiss(瑞士人);aircraft(飞行器);series(系列);works(著作);crossroads(十字路口);species(种类)。,1,2,3)阅读下列句子,体会黑体词的搭配及意义 Success means working hard. 成功意味着工作努力。 搭配:mean doing意义:意味着 What do you mean to do with it? 你打算怎样处理它? 搭配:mean to do意义:打算做某事 We express our thoughts by

8、 means of words. 我们用词句来表达思想。 搭配:by means of意义:依靠,通过,1,2,This plan must be realized by all means. 这个计划必须千方百计予以实现。 搭配:by all means意义:无论如何,千方百计地 Im by no means happy about his work. 我对他的工作一点也不满意。 搭配:by no means意义:绝不,一点也不,1,2,1,2,2.Grammar:Subjunctive(1) 考点一:在动词wish后的宾语从句中使用虚拟语气,表示不可能实现的愿望。 I wish I wer

9、e as tall as you. 我希望和你一样高。 I wish it would rain tomorrow. 我希望明天下雨就好了。,1,2,考点延伸 1)表示目前不可能实现的愿望时,从句中的谓语动词用过去式(be动词常用were) I wish I were not so busy. 但愿我不这么忙碌。 I wish it were spring all year round. 我希望四季如春。 I wish I knew what was going to happen. 我希望我知道要发生什么事。 2)表示过去不可能实现的愿望时,从句中谓语动词用had+动词的过去分词 She w

10、ished she had stayed at home. 她当时要是待在家里就好了。 I wish I hadnt spent so much money. 我要是那时没有花掉那么多钱就好了。,1,2,3)表示将来不可能实现的愿望时,从句中谓语动词用would/could+动词原形 I wish you wouldnt smoke any more. 我希望你不要再抽烟了。 I wish that someday I could live on the moon. 我希望以后有一天能住到月球上。 4)注意:wish后的宾语从句的时态只与从句所指的时间有关,而与wish的时态无关。 有时为了强

11、调现在状态下能发生某种情况或进行某个动作,从句中的动词也可用过去进行时。 I wish it wasnt raining. 要是天不下雨就好了。,1,2,1,2,考点二:非真实条件句中的虚拟语气 If I had time,I would attend the meeting. 如果我有时间,我就会出席会议。 考点延伸 1)表示与现在事实相反的情况时,主句构成:主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形;从句构成:If+主语+动词的过去式(be动词常用were) If she knew English,she would not ask me for help. 如果她懂

12、英语的话,她不会找我帮忙的。 I am sorry I am very busy now.If I had time,I would certainly come to see you. 很抱歉,我现在很忙。如果有时间,我一定去看你了。 If it werent for their support,we would be in a difficult situation now. 要不是有他们的支持,我们现在的处境会很困难。,1,2,2)表示与将来事实相反的情况时,主句构成:主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形 从句构成有三种形式,分别是: (1)If+主语+动词的

13、过去式; (2)If+主语+were to+动词原形; (3)If+主语+should+动词原形。 If you came/should come/were to come tomorrow,we would have the meeting. 如果你明天来,我们就举行会议。 If the teacher knew/should know/were to know it,he would be angry. 如果老师知道了这事,他会生气的。 If you were to succeed,everything would be all right. 如果你成功的话,一切都会好起来的。,1,2,1

14、,2,考点三:虚拟语气的其他常见用法 The teacher suggested that we (should) clean the blackboard after class. 老师建议我们下课后把黑板擦了。 Its natural that she (should) do so. 她这样做是很自然的。,1,2,考点延伸 1)当主句的谓语动词为表示命令、建议、要求的动词,如insist,order,demand,suggest,advise,propose,recommend,demand,require,request,desire等时,其后的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气,谓语动词为“(sh

15、ould+)动词原形” I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week. 我建议下周我们开会。 They insisted that the boy (should) go with them. 他们坚决要求这个男孩和他们一起去。 He ordered that all (should) take part in the work. 他下令所有的人都要参与这项工作。,1,2,2)“It is desired/suggested/proposed/necessary/important/strange/natural/a pity.+tha

16、t.”中的从句谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形” It was necessary that we (should) make everything ready ahead of time. 我们有必要提前做好一切准备。 Its important that we (should) take good care of the patient. 重要的是我们要照顾好病人。 3)在advice,suggestion,proposal,order,idea,request等名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中要用虚拟语气,其构成是“(should+)动词原形” His advice is that

17、we (should) leave at once. 他的建议是我们应马上离开。 I make a proposal that we (should) go out for a walk this afternoon. 我建议我们下午出去散步。,1,2,4)在句型“It is (high) time+(that)从句”中,从句中要用虚拟语气。从句谓语动词用过去式,表示“现在该做某事了” It is high time that the children went to bed. 到了孩子们睡觉的时间了。 It is high time that we put an end to this di

18、scussion. 现在是我们结束讲座的时候了。 5)would rather后接的从句用虚拟语气叙述现在或将来的事情时,从句谓语动词用过去式;叙述过去的事情,表达实际上并未发生的愿望时,从句用过去完成时 Id rather you went home now. 我宁愿让你现在就回家。 I would rather he had come yesterday. 我宁愿他昨天来过。,1,2,6)由as if和as though等引导的状语从句表示方式时,意思是“好像”,这时从句中常用虚拟语气。其从句的谓语动词用过去式(be用were的形式)表示所说的与现在的事实相反,用过去完成时表示所说的与过去的事实相反 The teacher treats the pupil as if he were her own child. 那位老师对待那个学生就像对待自己的孩子一样。 I felt as though we had known each other for years. 我感觉我们好像认识多年了。 注意:如果说话人讲的事与事实相符,as if引导的从句中用陈述语气。 It loo