2019年湖北宜昌市中考英语试卷(含解析)

1、2019 年湖北省宜昌市初中毕业生学业考试英语试题第二部分 语言运用（共三节，满分 40 分）第一节 （共 15 小题，每小题 1 分，计 15 分）单项选择：从下列各题所给的 a、b、c、d 四个选项中选择一个可以填入空白处的最佳答 案。（2019湖北宜昌）26._ do you exercise, tony?three times a week.a. how often b. how soon c. how long d. how much26. a 考查疑问词辨析。句意：多长时间你做一次运动，托尼？周三次。how often多久一次，对频率进行提问；how soon 多久，多用于对 in

2、+时间段进行提问；how long 多长/多长时间， 对长度或时间进行提问；how much 多少/多少钱，对数量或价格进行提问。由答语 three times a week 可知，前面语境在问 tony 锻炼的频度，疑问词应为 how often ， 故选 a。（2019湖北宜昌）27.yang ming, could you please teach me chinese?_.a. not at all b. it is a big deal c. with pleasure d. thats all right 27. c 考查情景交际。句意：杨明，你能教我汉语吗？_。not at al

3、l 不客气；it is a big deal 一言为定；with pleasure 我很乐意；thats all right 不客气。问句是提出的一个请求，回答应为肯定或否定；而交际用语语气要委婉。c 项表示答应对方请求，符合语境。 其他三项均不用于回答请求，故选 c。（2019湖北宜昌）28._ do you put a lot of snakes into the forest?to protect the ecosystem.a. why b. which c. how d. when28. a 考查疑问词词义辨析。句意：为什么把这么多蛇放到森林里？为了保护生态系统。why 为什么；wh

4、ich 哪一个；how 怎么样；when 什么时候。答语为动词不定式，表 示目的，由此可知，前面问句的疑问词应为 why，故选 a。（2019湖北宜昌）29. shall we_ the things we dont use to the people in need? good idea.a. put off b. set out c. get into d. give away29. d 考查动词短语辨析。句意：为什么不把这些我们不用的东西送给需要它的人呢？好主意。put off 推迟；set out 出发；get into 进入；give away 捐赠。由答语 good idea 可知

5、，前面语境所提建议是一个好的事情，而此处短语动词的目的状语为 to the people in need, 由此可知，建议内容为“捐助.”,故选 d。（2019湖北宜昌）30.what great progress huawei _ in recent years!no wonder it is widely known in all parts of the world.a. is making b. has made c. makes d. made30. b 考查动词时态。句意：最近这些年，华为做了这么大的进步！难怪在世界各 地都很闻名。由时间状语 in recent years 可知，

6、时态应用现在完成时，故选 b。（2019湖北宜昌）31.more and more people prefer to walk rather than ride in cars. _. walking is good for health.a. so they are b. so are they c. so they do d. so do they31. c 考查情景交际。句意：比起开车来越来越多的人更喜欢散步。确实如此，散步有利于健康。由答语可知，后者赞同前者的说法，意为“他们的确是这样”，表示“某人的确”，用“so+主语+助动词”结构表示，根据 prefer to walk 可知时态是

7、一般现在时， 助动词用 do。故选 c。（2019湖北宜昌）32.did you _ the international marathon in lan zhou on june 2, 2019?of course. how exciting!a. watch b. review c. suppose d. discover32. a 考查动词意义辨析。句意：你看过在 2019 年 6 月 2 号在兰州举行的国际马拉松比赛吗？当然看过。多么令人兴奋啊！答语 how exciting 是对本次马拉松的评价，由此 可知，后者观看了这次比赛。故选 a。（2019湖北宜昌）33. a little b

8、ird entered through the open window to join us for dinner last night.wow, the unexpected guest _ welcomed.a. will be b. must be c. wont be d. mustnt be33. b 考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：一只小鸟昨晚从窗户里飞进来加入到我们当中共进晚餐了。哇，那个不速之客_受欢迎的。选项 a 意为“将会”，选项 c 意为“将不会”，时态均不符；选项 b“一定是”，选项 d“禁止”，根据前句句意及语境推知这只 小鸟一定很受欢迎，must be 符合语境，故选

9、b。（2019湖北宜昌）34.lucy, you cant use the phone _ we are far from the gas (天然 气) station.ok, i wont do that again.a. after b. when c. though d. until34. d 考查连词。句意：露西，_我们离加气站很远，你不能使用手机。好吧，我再也不那样做了。after 在之后；when 当时；though 虽然；until 直到。根据答语可推知前句句意为我们离开了天然气站才能打手机。notuntil意为“直到才”， 符合句意，故选 d。（2019湖北宜昌）35.time

10、 past can not be called back again.yes. wasting time is a _.a. pressure b. fairness c. choice d. shame35. d 考查名词词义辨析。句意：时间一去不复返。是的，浪费时间是一件_事。pressure 压力；fairness 公平；choice 选择；shame 羞耻。根据前句句意，后句也表达了珍惜时间的思想，故后面意思应该是“浪费时间是一件可耻的事情”，shame 符合句意。故 选 d。（2019湖北宜昌）36.he hardly had friends because he used to b

11、e mean.but now he has changed a lot. he treats others _ and is popular.a. nicely b. carelessly c. rudely d. heavily36. a 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他几乎没有朋友因为他过去很刻薄。但是现在他已经改变了很多。他对待别人_很受欢迎。nicely 很好的；carelessly 粗心的；rudely粗鲁的；heavily 重的。根据答语关键词 but 及 change 可推知后半句句意为他对待别人很好 了，很受欢迎。nicely 符合句意，故选 a。（2019湖北宜昌）37.its r

12、eported that 31 of the brave young men _ in a big forest fire in sichuan.i dont know who they are, but i know who they are for.a. were killing b. were killed c. killed d. had killed37. b 考查动词的时态及语态。句意：据报道 31 个勇敢的年轻人在四川的森林大火中丧生。我不知道他们是谁，但是我知道他们为了谁。31of the brave young men 与 kill 之间是被动关系，故用被动语态；并且这是对过

13、去事情的叙述，故用一般过去时的被动语态。 故选 b。（2019湖北宜昌）38.about 20 million people in the world have no enough safe drinking water.so we should _ how to deal with the problems of water.a. put on b. look after c. think about d. get on with38. c 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在世界上大约 2 千万人没有喝上安全的水。因此我们应该考虑如何来解决水问题。put on 穿上，增加体重；look after

14、照顾；think about 考虑；get on with 相处。前者提出了一个需要解决的问题，后者表示应该考虑如何解决，think about 符合句意。故选 c。（2019湖北宜昌）39.its a pity that _ my teachers _ paren ts allow me to swim alone.after all you are too young, safety first.a. eitheror b. neithernor c. bothand d. not onlybut also 39. b 考查连词词义辨析。句意：很遗憾的是我们老师和父母都不允许我独自去游泳。

15、毕竟我们太小，安全第一。eitheror 要么要么；neithernor 既不也不；bothand 两者都；not onlybut also 不但而且。由答语 you are too young. safety first可知，对于 swim alone，老师们和家长们都持否定态度，应用否定意义的连接词。故选 b。 （2019湖北宜昌）40.do you mind telling me _?of course not. remember “keep moving”.a. how can i lose weight b. where can i lose weightc. how i can l

16、ose weight d. where i can lose weight40. c 考查宾语从句的用法。句意：你介意告诉我如何减肥吗？当然不介意，记住“坚持运动。”宾语从句应为陈述语序，故排除选项 a、b；由答语 remember”keep moving” 可知，这是对 lose weight 方式方法的回答，因此宾语从句引导词为 how。故选 c。第二节（共 15 小题，每小题 1 分，计 15 分）（2019湖北宜昌）完形填空：先通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的a、b、 c、d 四个选择中，选出一个最佳答案。here are the materials you need to

17、 have a successful study period.water and healthy snacksnowadays, you may spend much time studying. in the middle of a study period, you must be alittle tired. it can be 41 to tell yourself that you have to stop. you may go to the 42because youre so hungry or thirsty. how can you save time? solve th

18、is problem43 keepinga bottle of water and healthy snacks at your desk. these 44 will give you what you need for the long hours of studying ahead of you.the internetif you are not clear about what you have learnt, youll probably use your class notes to45. what happens if theres a topic that you still

19、 dont46understand? youd betterhave a website or two that you can 47 to search a subject. you can find explanations ( 解释) in the website. these can be very 48 in making sure that you understand the material. highlighters (亮光笔) and sticky (粘住) noteslearn wisely. as you 49 your textbook and notes, use

20、highlighters and sticky notesto 50 yourself of which key information you need to remember. 51 even thestrictest teachers wont make you52 your whole textbook for your exam. in order not tolose those very important 53 , you can use some bright, fun color signs to record these materials.note cardsfinal

21、ly, we suggest keeping some notes cards in your study 54 you can makeflashcards for coming tests. these are a useful tool for 55 subject that requires memorization.good luck on your test.41. a. strange b. easy c. different d. private42. a. garden b. yard c. kitchen d. pool41. a. by b. in c. on d. at

22、42. a. troubles b. shapes c. prices d. things43. a. praise b. throw c. study d. promise44. a. normally b. gradually c. completely d. politely45. a. imagine b. use c. knock d. divide48. a. peaceful b. beautiful c. thankful d. helpful 49. a. read b. perform c. argue d. treat50. a. reflect b. remind c.

23、 receive d. repeat51. a. because b. before c. after d. though52. a. cancel b. attend c. celebrate d. memorize 53. a. interests b. points c. sizes d. styles54. a. as if b. even if c. so that d. since that 55. a. either b. another c. some d. any体裁说明文话题安排词数284【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文，作者为学习者建议了一些必要的学习策略和准备事项。 【答案

24、】41-45 bcadc 46-50 cbdab 51-55adbcd【解析】41. b 考查形容词词义辨析。strange 奇怪的；easy 容易的；different 不同的；private 私人的。由上文语境 you must be a little tired 可知，此处是判断“你”学习过程中是不是累了，如果 感到累了，告诉自己该休息了，这很容易。故选 b。42 c 考查名词词义辨析。garden 花园；yard 院子； kitchen 厨房；pool 池塘。因为你感觉 饿了或者渴了，你会去的地方是“厨房”。故选 c。43. a 考查介词词义辨析。此处为动名词做介词宾语，表示解决问题的

25、方式，应为 by+doing， 选 a。44. d 考查名词词义辨析。此处指“一瓶水”和“一些健康的零食”，故用these things 来指 代。故选 d。45. c 考查动词词义辨析。praise 表扬； throw 扔掉； study 学习，研究；promise 发誓。前文为“you are not clear what youve learnt”,故需要翻看做的笔记来“研究”。故选 c。46. c 考查副词词义辨析。修饰动词 understand 应用程度副词 completely，表示“理解”的 程度。故选 c。47. b 考查动词词义辨析。此处 that 引导了一个定语从句，先行词

26、为 website，做从句宾语。 这里谈论的是学习工具，website 作为工具是“用”的。故选 b。48. d 考查形容词辨析。此处 these 代指 the explanations, 对于“确保弄明白所学的东西”这些解释是非常“有帮助的”。故选 d。49. a 考查动词词义辨析。宾语为 your text and notes, 其前面动词应为 read。故选 a。50. b 考查动词词义辨析。关键词 of key information.提示，此处用动词短语 remind sb. of sth.，意为“提醒某人关键信息”，故选 b。51. a 考查连词词义辨析。前面作者提议用“亮光笔和黏

27、贴笔记”在帮助学习者易于找到 关键信息。后面是作者解释这样做的理由，由 because 引导。故选 a。52. d 考查动词词义辨析。cancel 取消；attend 加入；celebrate 庆祝；memorize 记住。表示前面动词短语的目的，而动词的宾语为 the whole text,联系关键词 for the exam 可知，是“记 住整本课本”。故选 d。53. b 考查名词词义辨析。此处语境为“为了不遗漏.”，由于本文谈论主题为学习，故此 处的宾语应为学习的内容，即：知识点。故选 b。54. c 考查连词词义辨析。as if 似乎；even if 即使；so that 以便；si

28、nce that 既然；自那以来。语境 you can make flashcards for coming tests 表达的是前面语境的目的，应由 so that 引导。 故选 c。55. d 考查代词词义辨析。此处 that 引导定语从句，意为“需要记忆的”，用来修饰先行词 subject。either 指“两者之中任何一个都.”; another 意为“另一个”此两项均缺乏与之 搭配的语境；而 some 与可数名词复数连用。故选 d。第三节 （共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，计 10 分）（2019湖北宜昌）综合填空：根据所给首字母、上下文或汉语提示完成空格中所缺单词， 使短文完整通顺

29、，语法正确，每个空只能填一个词。the chinese high-speed railways have a quality all on its own. tier 1 (一线) c 56 like beijing have a couple hundred high-speed trains stopping at the city every day.chinas57 (科技) on building the railway is leading the rest of the world. there is nosign that my 58 country could be bett

30、er than china in near future. i had my 59(第一次) opportunity to ride the high-speed train last week when i had a business meeting in zhengzhou.as someone w 60 grew up with a disdain (偏见) for public transportation (not surewhy the us hates it so much), i was afraid 61 the experience. i hoped to fly, bu

31、t was told that it would be much better if i 62 (乘) the train.the train was amazing. i had traveled on a train before in the us, and hated how s 63 itwas and how many stops there were. chinese high-speed trains are on a different level. the trainsare clean and the seats are huge. you cant even64 (感觉

32、) how fast the train is moving. ifthere were no windows, i wouldnt be a65 to tell when we were stopped or when wewere traveling at 300 km/h- it is that smooth.im traveling again this week by train and im excited.体裁议论文话题交通运输方式词数239【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文，作者描述了中国在高铁方面取得领先全世界的成就。【答案】56. cities 57. technology 58

33、. other 59. first 60. who 61. of 62. took 63. slow 64. feel 65. able【解析】56. cities 前面定语为 tier 1; 而后面的定语为 like beijing, 二者联系起来即为“一 线城市”，根据谓语动词 have 可知，主语应为复数形式，故填 cities。57. technology “科技”对应的英语单词即“technology”，technology 为不可数名词，故 用其原形做主语。58. other 考查名词单复数。china 为一个国家，与之比较的，应为“别的国家”，用在名词 前面，应为 other。5

34、9. first 序数词 first, 表示“第一次”,故填 first。60. who 分析句子结构可知本句为定语从句修饰先行词为 anyone，在从句中作主语，关系代 词只能为 who。61. of 后面为宾语 experience，前面是固定短语 be afraid of。62. took 主句用过去将来时，if 引导的条件状语从句应为一般过去时态。63. slow 作者此前已表达“afraid of this experience ”, 其原因即为 slow 和 so many stops。因 为他此前从未体验过中国的高铁是什么速度和舒适度。64. feel 前面有情态动词 can，此

35、处动词应为原形。65. able 由于 its so smooth ，因此乘坐者不能够感觉到“何时停靠”又“何时高速行驶”。由首字母 a 以及前面的系动词和后面的不定式可联想到 be bale to，意为“能够”，加动词 原形。第二部分 阅读与写作 （共四节，满分 55 分）第一节 （共 10 小题，每小题 2 分，计 20 分）阅读下面两篇短文，根据短文内容选择最佳答案。（2019湖北宜昌） asore necks are very common these days. how to avoid a sore neck? here are the things you should know

36、.take precaution(预防措施) after an unusual activity. many people report having a pain intheir necks after doing something that they dont often do, such as a new exercise or packing and moving.if you know youve done something that puts you a risk, massage (按摩)your neck, do it with different exercises an

37、d take a warm bath before bed.make sure your workstation is correct. if you work long hours at a desk, you may want tomake sure that your work environment is set up to be the most relaxing. make sure that your body is being treated right.keep your feet on the floor. this will often depend on how hig

38、h your chair is, so adjust (调整) it in time to achieve good results.change your posture often. sitting in one position for long periods of time is not healthy. sitwith your back alive. make it into a usual way. your body will feel better and your mind will feel more relaxed.66. in paragraph 5, the un

39、derlined word “it” refers to (指) _.a. the desk b. the chair c. your neck d. your body67. the underlined word “posture” in paragraph 6 probably means “_” in chinese.a. 姿势b. 方向c.方式d.状态68. _ can avoid a sore back according to the passage.a. making your work environment be quietb. sitting with back stra

40、ight for a momentc. packing and moving for a long timed. exercising often like swimming or running69. after doing something unusual, you may do the following things except _. a. doing it with different exercises b. massaging your neckc. taking a warm bath before bed d. looking at your phone for too

41、long70. this passage mainly tells us _.a. how to do exercise well b. exercising often is good for peoplec. how to avoid a sore neck d. being healthy is the most important体裁说明文话题脖子酸痛词数197【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文，作者针对脖子酸痛症状及其预防和治疗方式做了建议。 【答案】66-70 baddc【解析】66. b 语境理解题。由前文语境 how high you chair is 可知此处谈论的是 chair，

42、故 选 b。67. a 词义猜测题。根据下文 sitting in one position for long periods of time is not healthy 可知， 此处谈论的是坐的位置，作者建议经常改变姿势，以减轻身体的疲劳。故选 a。68. d 细节理解题。作者共提出四条建议，第四条符合题意。故选 d。69. d 细节理解题。作者在所提建议的第一条提到：当你做了不常做的运动而感到脖子酸痛的时候，可以 1. message your neck，2.do different exercises，3. take a warm bath before bed.， 其中没有建议 lo

43、oking at your phone for too long。故选 d。70. c 主旨大意题。由本文主题句 sore necks are very common these days. how to avoid a soreneck? here are the things you should know. 可知，作者谈论的是 how to avoid a sore neck？故 选 c。（2019湖北宜昌）bthe first time my wife linda gave birth was in a hospital.when linda got pregnant (怀孕) for

44、 the second time, we wanted a home birth, not just forourselves, but for our daughter. we are very open with our daughter. we want to teach her respectand awe (敬畏) for the things of bodies. so she was part of the process from the very beginning.in the morning the midwives came just as linda was clim

45、bing into the birth tub(盆). ourdaughter offered her mom water and food while she rested. when she found the noise and activityof birth, she was too nervous to stay long, so she spent a few minutes next to the tub, then wentinto another room to play. the midwives called her back in time to see her br

46、other come into theworld. as linda pulled our tiny newborn son up, our daughter and i rushed to her side, all four ofus hugging and crying and very excited.that night, and many times since then, our daughter said, “im so proud of mom for having ababy.” she has seen and admired the effort it takes to

47、 bring a new person into the world. its a partof her life, something that can happen in the same room where she colors and watched movies.it was crucial that our daughter was part of that experience, not just for her, but for linda andme as well. everything we wanted for her - trusted care providers

48、; a very familiar environment;continuing support; good food-were things we needed but didnt have the first time linda gavebirth. we crossed this threshold (门槛) together, as a family, and it was messy and scary and painful and unusual and mysterious and really perfect.71. the writer of this passage i

49、s probably _.a. a father b. a mother c. a daughter d. a son72. what does the underlined word “midwives” probably mean _.a. carefully hardworking cooks b. specially trained nursesc. truly talented singers d. very friendly drives73. from the last paragraph, we can see in fact the writer _.a. didnt wan

50、t her wife linda to give birth in the familya. didnt want their family to cross the threshold togethera. thought it was crucial that their daughter was not part of the experienceb. wanted her daughter to know that she was trusted and needed in the family74. according to the passage we can see _.a. t

51、he writers first child is a sonb. there are five people in the writers family nowb. the writers daughter saw her brother come into the worlda. the writer wanted a home birth, only just for their daughter75. which is the best title (标题) for this passage?a. my first child was born in a hospital.b. the

52、 second child in my happy family.c. a messy and painful and unusual family.d. why did we choose a home birth for our second child?体裁记叙文话题家人和亲友词数316【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文，作者通过让自己的女儿见证小弟弟在家里的诞生来体验生 命的过程和亲情。【答案】71-75 abdcd【解析】71. a 细节理解题。由首句 the first time my wife linda gave birth was in a hospital. 可知作者是丈夫和父亲

53、。故选 a。72. b 词义猜测题。根据本文第二行语境 we wanted a home birth 可推断，作者一家是要把接 生员请到家里来给新生儿接生，由此可知 midwife 意为“接生员”。故选 b。73. d 主旨大意题。本段主题句为 it was crucial that our daughter was part of that experience,not just for her, but for linda and me as well.，关键词为 our daughter was part of that experience， 其意义与 d 项关键词 she was t

54、rusted and needed in the family 相符合。故选 d。74. c 细节理解题。由第三段语境 the midwives called her back in time to see her brother come into the world. 可知，作者女儿见证了小弟弟来到人世。故选 c。75. d主旨大意题。由本文主题句 when linda got pregnant for the second time, we wanted ahome birth, not just for ourselves, but for our daughter. 可知，作者一家决定在家里生产，有他们自己的深刻的理解和打算，全文夹叙夹议，把在家里生产这件事的意义阐述的很清楚。故 选 d。第二节 （共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，计 10 分）（2019湖北宜昌）阅读短文，将方框中的