动名词和现在分词的区别

1、动名词,一、主语 Colleting information is very important to businessmen. Learning a foreign language is very useful to me. Seeing is believing. Traveling abroad can be interesting. Playing football is my hobby. 二、宾语 He finished reading the book yesterday. I enjoy learning English. Im looking forward to seei

2、ng you again. She suggested doing it in a different way. I devote 2 hours to learning English every day.,动名词可以作为主语，宾语，表语，定语（小心）,三、表语(以下doing是动名词，be 是系动词) My hobby is playing football. His goal is going to Beijing University. My job is teaching Class 5 and Class 6. Her job was washing clothes. 以下doin

3、g是现在分词， be 是助动词，起结构作用 He is playing football. He is going to Beijing University. She is teaching the Ss maths in Class 6. My mother is washing my clothes.,四、定语 （做这一成分时， 动名词和现在分词极易搞混) A sleeping bag. = a bag for sleeping (动名词) A sleeping robe. = a robe for sleeping (动名词) A sleeping tent. = a tent for

4、 sleeping (动名词) A sleeping dog. = a dog (which is/was) sleeping (现分) A sleeping baby = a baby (who is/was) sleeping (现分) A dog sleeping in the street = A dog (which is ) sleeping in the street (现分) A baby sleeping in the bed = A baby (who is ) sleeping in the bed (现分),Explain the following phrases i

5、n simple English.,a cup for drinking,a horse that is drinking,a hall for dancing,a girl that is dancing,a pot for cooking,materials for building,workers who are building sth,a mother that is cooking,1.主语 swimming is my hobby. 2. 宾语 I like swimming. 3. 表语 My hobby is swimming. 4. 定语 I want to buy a s

6、wimming suit.,动名词可以以下成分,现在分词,可以作为定语，表语，宾语补足语，状语,一、定语 1. Look at the running dog. (the dog which is running) 2. Ask the smoking boy to come to my office. (the boy who is smoking) 3. I dont like the people talking loudly in public. 4. His brother, working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. = His brother,

7、 who is working as a teacher, lives in Beijing.,二、表语 1. The music is moving. 2. What he said sounded inspiring. 3. The story is interesting. 4. The teachers teaching is boring.,三、宾语补足语 We heard her singing in her room 2. You can see them performing every night this week at the new theatre. 3. We wat

8、ch the children diving into the water from the bridge. 4. Listen to the birds singing.,四、状语， （伴随，原因状语或方式状语等） 1.She sat at the desk (when she was) reading a newspaper. She sat at the desk reading a newspaper Reading a newspaper, She sat at the desk. 2. Because she was being ill / tired , she went hom

9、e. Being ill / tired , she went home.,1.表语 The music is moving. 2. 定语 I dont like the people talking loudly in public. 3. 状语 Reading a newspaper, She sat at the desk. 4. 宾补 We heard her singing in her room.,现在分词可以以下成分,动名词,1. Talking to him is talking to a wall. 2. Smoking may cause cancer. 3. Walkin

10、g is my sole exercise. 4. We must improve our working method. 5. I suggest bringing the meeting to an end. 6. He admitted taking the money. 7. I couldnt help laughing. 8. Your coat needs brushing. 9. Our greatest happiness is serving the people. 10. Our task is building socialism. building materials

11、 drinking water a walking stick a reading room a writing desk,现在分词,1. They lived in a room facing the street. = They lived in a room that faces the street. 2. The man standing there is Peters father. 3. Anybody swimming in this river will be fined. 4. The apple tree, swaying gently in the breeze, ha

12、d a good crop of fruit.,1. When we returned to the school, we found a stranger standing at the entrance. 2. We found the snake eating the eggs. 3. I found a bag lying on the ground. 4. The boss kept the workers working the whole night. 5. They found the result very satisfying. 6. They heard him sing

13、ing in the next room. 7. We mustnt keep them waiting.,定语,宾补,一、 表示感觉和心理状态的动词，常见的有see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to等。如： 1. We saw a light burning in the window. 2. I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder. 3. As he spoke, he observed everybody looking at him curiously

14、. 4. I didnt notice him waiting. 二、表示指使意义的动词，常见的有have, set, keep, get, catch, leave等。如： 1. I wont have you doing that. 2. This set me thinking. 3. Im sorry to have kept you waiting. 4. I cant get the clock going again. 5. You wont catch me doing that again.,现在分词作宾语补足语的几类动词:,三、see, hear, feel, watch等

15、动词之后用-ing形式和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别： 前者表示动作正在进行，而后者表示（或强调）动作从开始到结束的全过程。如: We passed by the classmates and saw the teacher making the experiment. We sat an hour and watched the teacher make the experiment. 如果宾语补足语是短暂性动词，动词不定式短语表示一次动作， 而-ing形式则表示反复动作。如： We heard the door slam. (一次动作) We heard the door slamming

16、. (反复动作),1. His concern for his mother is most touching. 2. She was very pleasing in her appearance. 3. Our greatest happiness is serving the people. 4. Our task is building socialism. 5 The film we saw last night is quite moving. 6. His words are encouraging. 7. We must improve our working method.

17、8. They set up an operating table in a small temple. 9. China is a developing country. 10. The student making the experiment is our monitor. 11. I saw him going upstairs. 12. We watched her crossing the street. 13. We heard her singing in her room。,动名词和现在分词,（现分）,（现分）,（现分）,（现分）,（现分）,（现分）,（现分）,（现分）,（动

18、名词）,（动名词）,（动名词）,（动名词）,（现分）,1. I cant imagine Billy _ a motorbike. 2. Did you hear the dog downstairs _ for most of the night? 3. Frank is very good at telling funny jokes. He can be very _. 4. You cant stop me _ what I want. 5. He gave me a _ hug when he met me at the airport. 6. Jim has really lear

19、nt very fast. She has made _ progress. 7. Its been raining all day. This weather is _. 8. When I came out of the theatre, I noticed a group of children _ musical instruments across the street.,riding,astonish, depress， play, do, ride, amuse, bark, welcome,barking,amusing,doing,welcoming,astonishing,

20、depressing,playing,1. He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. (北京2004春) A. putB. to be putting C. to put D. putting 2. The manager, _ it clear to us that he didnt agree with us, left the meeting room. (江西2005) A. who has made B. having made C. made D. making 3. C

21、ome on, please give me some ideas about the project. Sorry. With so much work _ my mind, I almost break down.(福建2007) A. filled B. filling C. to fill D. being filled,高考题,4. Peter received a letter just now _ his grandma would come to see him soon. (四川2007) A. said B. say C. saying D. to say 5. I sme

22、ll something _ in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute? (2007全国卷 I) A. burning B. burnt C. being burnt D. to be burnt 6. It is believed that if a book is _, it will surely _ the reader. (上海2003) interested; interest B. interesting; be interested C. interested; be interesting D. interesting;

23、interest,7. The _ boy was last seen _ near the bank of the lake. missing; playing B. missing; play C. missed; played D. missed; to play 8. Mr. Smith, _ of the _ speech, started to read a novel. A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring 9. When we watched the national flag _

24、 in the Olympic Games on TV, we raised a cheer. A. rise B. being risen C. raised D. being raised,10. He was in hospital for six months. He felt as if he was _ from the outside world. cut out B. cut off C. cut up D. cut through 11. We sat there, _with what we listened to. A. satisfying B . to satisfy

25、 C. contented D. content 12. The boy burst into tears _ he saw his mother. A. direct B. direction C. directly D. directly when,13. It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly _ my friend. (四川2007) A. turn out B. bring out C. call out D. pick out 本题考查短语辨析。pick out辨认出；turn out结果是；bring out 拿出；cal

26、l out叫出。 14. He was in hospital for six months. He felt as if he was _ from the outside world. (北京2004春) A. cut out B. cut off C. cut up D. cut through 本题考查cut短语辨析。cut off “隔离，使孤立”， 符合题意。cut out 删掉；cut up切碎；cut through穿过。 15. Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictu

27、res _ in your mind instead of before your eyes. (2004全国卷III) A. to form B. form C. forming D. having formed forming在句中作定语，此处表示一种普遍现象，无时间上的特定性，故不用D项。,16. Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer _ it was 20 years ago, _ it was so poorly equipped. （安徽2005） A. what; when B. that;

28、which C. what; which D. which; that 第一个从句为what引导的表语从句并在从句中作表语；第二个为when引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为20 years ago。 17. I walked in our garden, _ Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of he trees. （辽宁2005） A. which B. when C. where D. that 由句子结构可知，填上一个词之后逗号后面应是一个非限制性定语从句，再根据先行词和所需意义即可做出正确选择。 18. If a shop has chairs _ women can park their men, women will spend mor