结构力学翻译

1、APPENDIX BList of Terminology in StructuralMechanics(in English and Chinese)Part I: Introduction to Structural Mechanicsstructural analysis, structural mechanics 结构分析、结构力学classification of structures, types of structures 结构分类，结构类型structural idealization 结构简化 analytical model, line diagram 结构计算简图 rig

2、id connection, rigid joint 刚结点hinged connection, hinged joint 铰结点semirigid connection 半铰结点roller support, roller, rocker 辊轴支座 hinge support, pin support 铰支座fixed end, fixed support 固定支座 spring support 弹性支座simply supported beam 简支梁 cantilevered beam 悬臂梁fixed-supported beam 两端固支梁continuous beam 连续梁tru

3、ss 桁架 cable 悬索arch 拱frame 刚架 dead load 恒荷载live load 活荷载moving load 移动荷载concentrated load 集中荷载uniformly distributed load 均布荷载stability 几何不变instability 几何可变internal stability 内部几何不变degree of freedom 自由度 restraint 约束 redundant, redundant restraint 多余约束necessary restraint 必须约束determinacy 静定性 indetermina

4、cy, degree of indeterminacy 超静定次数free-body diagram 脱离体图，隔离体图sign convention 符号约定equations of equilibrium 平衡方程internal force, external force 内力，外力concurrent force system 汇交力系support reaction 支座反力axial force, normal force 轴力shearing force 剪力bending moment 弯矩compatibility of displacement 位移协调constituti

5、on law 本构律，本构条件principle of superposition 叠加原理 Part II: Analysis of Statically Determinate Structuresstatically determinate structure 静定结构internal force diagram 内力图multi-span statically determinate beam 多跨静定梁plane frame 平面刚架method of joint 结点法method of section 截面法zero-force member 零杆suspended cable

6、structure 悬索结构cable-stayed structure 斜拉结构 masonry arch 砌石拱three-hinged arch 三铰拱 Part III: Deflection of Structuresdeflection of structure 结构变形，结构位移 temperature change 温度变化support settlement 支座沉陷，支座移动fabrication error 制造误差linear elastic deformation 线弹性变形 inelastic or plastic deformation 非弹性变形，塑性变形ela

7、stic curve 弹性曲线differential equation for beam deflection 梁的变形微分方程conservation of energy 能量守恒principle of virtual work 虚功原理virtual displacement 虚位移 translation 线位移 rotation 角位移dummy-load or unite-load method 虚设荷载 法，单位荷载法 graph multiplication method 图乘法 Part IV: Analysis of Statically Indeterminate St

8、ructuresStatically indeterminate structure 超静定结构force (flexibility) method, method of consistent deformation 力法displacement (stiffness) method, slope deflection method 位移法moment distribution method 力矩分配法slope-deflection equation 转角位移方程 redundant force 多余约束力basic unknown 基本未知值primary structure, prima

9、ry system 基本结构，基本（体）系canonical equation 典型方程 flexibilitycoefficient 柔度系数stiffness coefficient 劲度系数frame with slope leg 斜杆刚架 symmetric structure 对称结构symmetric loading 对称荷载antisymmetric loading 反对称荷载distribution factor 分配系数distribution bending moment 分配弯矩 carry over factor 传递系数carry over bending momen

10、t 传递弯矩fixed-end moment 固端弯矩 unbalanced moment 不平衡力矩frame without sidesway 无侧移刚架no shearing force moment distribution method 无剪力分配法lock or unlock joint 锁住结点，放松结点 Part V: Matrix Methodsmatrix structural analysis 结构矩阵分析matrix displacement method 矩阵位移法node/joint 结点element 单元joint displacement vector 结点位

11、移向量member end force 单元杆端(内)力member fix-end force vector 单元固定力向量local/global coordinate 局部/整体坐标element stiffness matrix 单元劲度矩阵global stiffness matrix 整体劲度矩阵transformation matrix (坐标)转换矩阵truss element 桁架单元 beam element 梁单元 frame element 刚架单元 Part VI: Influence Linesinfluence line 影响线unit moving load 单位移动荷载influence line for reaction 反力影响线i